Reducing Missing Data in Surveys: An Overview of Methods

Although item nonresponse can never be totally prevented, it can be considerably reduced, and thereby provide the researcher with not only more useable data, but also with helpful auxiliary information for a better imputation and adjustment. To achieve this an optimal data collection design is necessary. The optimization of the questionnaire and survey design are the main tools a researcher has to reduce the number of missing data in any such survey. In this contribution a concise typology of missing data patterns and their sources of origin are presented. Based on this typology, the mechanisms responsible for missing data are identified, followed by a discussion on how item nonresponse can be prevented.     

云计算技术在电子数据调查与取证中的应用研究

随着云计算技术的发展,其已经在许多领域得到广泛的应用。通过云计算技术可以解决传统计算机取证所存在的存储量不足、分析不及时等一些缺陷,因为云计算技术具有高效计算、虚拟化运行等特点,基于这些特点可以扩大证据的储存、提高设备的利用率以及缩短取证时间等等。文章介绍了云计算的特点及电子数据取证的内涵,分析了云计算对电子数据取证的意义,并进一步对云计算在电子数据取证中的应用进行了分析与研究。     

科技项目查新标准化问题

根据科技项目查新工作的特点,分别对查新工作的流程、专利、科研立题,成果报奖、鉴定及发明奖的查新范围,查新报告撰写模式等问题的标准化进行了探讨。     

基于学科发展的高校科技成果转化模糊决策评价方法研究

高校科技成果转化是国家战略重要组成部分,是促进国家和区域经济发展的重要源泉,然而其评价因素仍然多局限于科技成果转化本身,并没有从学科发展这一大学建设的核心的视角开展研究,无法使得高校科技成果转化真正与高校自身发展完全融合,形成高校科技成果转化形成内生动力。本文运用模糊决策方法对高校科技成果转化开展综合评价研究,基于学科发展的视角开展分析研究,合理选取评价因素,最后开展实证研究,为形成具有实效的高校科技成果转化机制,促进科技与经济有效融合提供重要的借鉴。     

基于精细化管理的中山市规划单元划定研究

国土空间规划是国家空间发展的指南和城市可持续发展的蓝图,是各类开发保护建设活动的基本依据.为实现国土空间规划精细化管理,亟需通过合理划定控制性详细规划单元和村庄规划单元,实现国土空间总体规划与详细规划的有效传导.本研究在文献综述和案例分析的基础上,结合中山市详细规划全覆盖需求和规划单元划定现状,探索在国土空间规划精细化...     

Applications of calendar instruments in social surveys: a review

Retrospective reports in survey interviews and questionnaires are subject to many types of recall error, which affect completeness, consistency, and dating accuracy. Concerns about this problem have led to the development of so-called calendar instruments, or timeline techniques. These aided recall procedures have been designed to help respondents gain better access to long-term memory by providing a graphical time frame in which life history information can be represented. In order to obtain more insights into the potential benefits of calendar methodology, this paper presents a review of the application of calendar instruments, their design characteristics and effects on data quality. Calendar techniques are currently used in a variety of fields, including life course research, epidemiology and family planning studies. Despite the growing interest in these new methods, their application often lacks sufficient theoretical foundation and little attention has been paid to their effectiveness. Several recent studies however, have demonstrated that in comparison to more traditional survey methods, calendar techniques can improve some aspects of data quality. While calendar instruments have been shown to be potentially beneficial to retrospective data quality, there is an apparent need for methodological research that generates more systematic knowledge about their application in social surveys.     

刍议高职院校科研工作的思路与方法

科研工作是高职院校提高人才培养质量、服务社会的核心和纽带,是高职院校办学水平的重要标志。加强高职院校科研工作力度,是高职院校进入内涵发展时期的必然选择。     

Translational Global Praxis: Rethinking Methods and Modes of African Urban Research

Advancing global urbanism depends upon making Africa's cities a more dominant part of the global urban narrative. Constructing a more legitimate research agenda for African cities, however, necessitates a repositioning of conventional modes of research. To achieve intellectual and political traction in what are typical African research conditions—where human needs are great, information is poor, conditions of governance are complex and the reality is changeable—we reflect on the experiences of the African Centre for Cities where (alongside conventional use of theory, methods and data) a translational mode of working has been adopted. The notion of translational urban research praxis captures more than the idea of applied research or even co‐production, and encompasses integrating the research conception, design, execution, application and reflection—and conceiving of this set of activities as a singular research/practice process that is by its nature deeply political and locationally embedded. In this way we suggest that African urbanism can be both usefully illuminated by global theories and methods, and can simultaneously be constitutive of the reform of the ideas through which cities generally are understood.