Are Patenting Activities in U.S. Universities Still Affected by Bayh-Dole Act？

Based on four data sources, the trends of the patent activities of US universities in the last 40 years are quantitatively assessed. It has been found that patenting activities in U.S. universities slowed down greatly after 2000 and remained flat until the period from 2010 to 2012, when activities recover to the level of strength characterizing the period before 2000 and after the enactment of the Bayh-Dole Act. The affects of the （Bayh-Dole） Act on the university patenting activities （UPAs） are specifically analyzed for the time span considered. We found that the impacts of the Act had been remaining strong until the year of 1999 and then greatly diminished. We also identify that economic recessions are the major cause to the flatness of the patenting activities during 2000s. Recently, many concerns on university patent activities have been raised; these concerns are reviewed and recommendations to resolute to these concerns are provided.     

Global climate change and the research on technical paths of Chinese steel and iron industry against the climate change

The article introduces the impact and essence of climate change and analyzes the attitudes and measures of international community to fight global climate change. From the perspectives of Clean Development Mechanism, Voluntary Carbon Market, energy audit and potential carbon asset investment, this paper discusses the feasible paths of Chinese steel ＆ iron industry against global climate change and summarizes the main fields of adapting to the development of CDM project activities.     

Research on the expenditure of Yunnan fiscal on agriculture and its performance

This paper applies stepwise regression to analyze the contribution of Yunnan fiscal expenditure of agriculture to agricultural economy growth and per capita annual income on agriculture of rural inhabitants over the period from 1978 to 2006, and uses Granger causality test to examine the relation of fiscal expenditure and per capita annual income of rural inhabitants and the income differential between urban and rural residents. The results suggest that it is the structure of fiscal expenditure on agriculture rather than the scale that has effect on the income of peasants. Because of the deviation of objectives of fiscal expenditure, the expenditure of agriculture could not narrow the income differential between urban and rural inhabitants.     

Enterprise＇s value and stakeholders＇ benefits： The financial objects which lead to the same goal

Taking stakeholders＇ benefits into consideration is decided by the essence of enterprise＇s value. In the knowledge-based economy age, the maximization of enterprise＇s value is the ideal financial object of stakeholders＇ cooperation gamble. Pursuing the maximization of enterprise＇s value is the same as pursuing the maximization of stakeholders＇ benefits under the balanced circumstance. The maximization of enterprise＇s value and the maximization of stakeholders＇ benefits are consistent. They comprehend financial object from two aspects of financial essence.     

Research on Early Warning System for FDI utilization risk

Although the Foreign Direct Investment （FDI） has greatly improved the development of China＇s economy, its menace has also gradually appeared. With the help of quantitative and qualitative methods, this paper made a research on the impact of FDI on China＇s economy by applying Early Warning System （EWS）, so as to measure the safe coefficient of China＇s FDI utilization, make timely prediction and, in addition, suggest specific foreign capital management and controlling strategies for the policy makers to adopt under various conditions.     

山东省能源经济环境系统预测与动态分析

文章分别选取GDP、能源生产总量与消费总量、CO2排放量作为经济、能源和环境子系统指标,利用1995-2012年的数据构建了山东省能源经济环境系统向量自回归(VAR)模型,对1997-2015年系统状况进行动态预测,并运用Granger检验、脉冲响应函数和方差分解对其进行动态分析。结果表明:到2015年,山东省GDP、能源生产总量与消费总量、CO2排放量仍将保持较快的增长;长期来看,经济增长与碳排放存在双向Granger因果关系,从经济增长到能源消费、能源生产和能源消费到碳排放均具有单向Granger因果关系;短期内,能源生产、能源消费与经济增长之间相互促进,经济增长促进碳排放,而能源生产、能源消费和碳排放之间具有一定的相互影响。山东省应适当放缓GDP增速,并优化经济结构;发展低碳能源,优化能源消费结构;继续强化实施碳减排政策。     

Research on the safety evaluation and optimization of enterprise information

By advancing enterprises information, enterprises can seek the most opportunities to contact with the outside, however, it brings some kinds of problem of enterprises information security, such as latent leakage of information resources due to employee＇s resignation, information resources lost due to abrupt malfunction of hardware equipment, information resources plagiarized by rival because of the low reliability of software, hidden trouble of information safety produced by incomplete system of information safety, etc.. According to the situation, in view of such four factors as hardware, software, stuff, and system, Information Safety-appraising ＆ Optimizing Model of Enterprises Based on Informatization Environments （ISOMEBIE） is presented in this article. The model is solved by the means of Genetic Algorithms （GA）, so its result has much more objectivity. This model can be used to direct enterprises to appraise its information safety, or to compare information safety with its rival. When the safety valve value of enterprises is below the normal level through application in this model, they should immediately take measure to find out and eliminate it, which enterprises can securely and reliably make full use of the results produced by informatization.     

Study of cooperation models of supply chain based on profit maximization

As is known to all, the main profit source of supply chain is derived from the improvement of relationships among enterprises. In order to maximize the profit of supply chain, longitudinal and lateral relationships among the enterprises are comprehensively analyzed, under which the supply chain profit is compared. The result indicates that the cooperation is more propitious to the profit enhancement than pure competition. Finally the optimal relationship among the enterprises is established.     

中国癌症防控策略细则研究献策

种种科学数据显示,癌症已成中国大众首要死因,而且有加重趋势,要想把中国癌症导致大众健康严重损害现象得到控制,必须有一套中国癌症防控策略细则,我们你都知道,80％的肿瘤与环境因素有关,面对中国目前环境污染严重。食品质量安全事件不断发生,病毒性肝炎发病率居高不下,中国是吸烟和饮酒大国。……,等等都与癌症发生有密切关系,笔者作为医务工作者,面对中国癌症的恶劣现象和事态,禁不住研究提出一套中国癌症防控策略细则,早日降低中国癌症的恶劣现象和事态,使中国癌症尽早得以控制,为大众健康和国家可持续发展贡献力量。本文提出环境污染防控策略细则;病毒性肝炎及其它慢性感染防控策略细则;吸烟的防控策略细则;饮酒的防控策略细则;食品质量安全防控策略细则;饮食结构不合理的防控策略细则及论‘癌症发病率上升的主因是人口老龄化’观点的错误性,很明显,上述癌症防控系列策略细则,若切实被国家实施,定能防空相关致癌和致病的风险。国家和地方,特别是食品卫生部门,应立即联合同时发布命令。保障上述癌症防控系列策略细则切实被实施,如果是这样,中国癌症的防控就很容易成功,当然。中国癌症的防控成功的经验和上述防控系列策略细则,对其他疾病的防控也有利。定能被国际社会和其他国家参考利用,共享癌症防控成功的健康地球。     

The loyalty based on Nash equilibrium theory between knowledge workers and enterprises

The competitiveness of the enterprises is the talent competition. ＂Talent＂ more often refers to ＂knowledge workers＂, the pillars of the enterprises is composed of knowledge workers. Loyal knowledge employees can enhance the core competitiveness and cohesion of the enterprise. From the Nash equilibrium theory perspective, this paper constructs the mutual loyalty model of knowledge workers and enterprises, analyzes the strategy of choice of knowledge workers and enterprises, gets a balanced strategy of pure and mixed strategy of the Nash equilibrium, and gives some proposals in increasing the mutual loyalty between knowledge workers and enterprises.     

Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards Has Enhanced Chinese Company Transparency

The research reported here shows that China＇s recent adoption （ASBE） has increased the quality of Chinese financial reporting of Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises With China＇s decade of World Trade Organization （WTO） membership marked by dazzling economic growth, it is useful to reflect on how financial reporting itself can assist in the country＇s future progress. Critical to the success of ensuring strength for this burgeoning economy is attraction of foreign investment capital. As China＇s internal consumption grows,     

The analysis of net cash inflow of money market in US and their revelation

Net cash inflow is one of the main reasons why the asset values of money market funds in the USA continued to grow over the past thirty years. This paper applies cash flow analysis to track the development of money market funds in the USA. Our analysis leads to the several policy implications.     

Yangzhou harbor developmental strategy study based on scenario planning

Based on the introduction of Scenario Planning Theory and the environmental analysis of the Yangzhou Harbor Logistics Park, the development strategy for the Park is discussed. Combining the advantages of the Yangzhou Harbor and Yangzhou Export Processing Zone, a new development pattern is designed. Under this pattern, an interactive integration strategy among Logistics Park, Harbor, Export Processing Zone and Tax Reservation Section is proposed. This strategy is called Radiation Promoting Developmental Strategy.     

On the construction of enterprises innovation strategy decision capacity

The soul of enterprise creative construction is entrepreneur who possesses entrepreneur spirit. Entrepreneur spirit is the source of enterprise innovation strategy decision capacity. Enterprise innovation strategy decision capacity decides the direction of enterprise technology innovation. This paper put forward the formation mechanism of enterprise innovation strategy decision capacity according to the analysis of enterprise innovation strategy decision capacity formation process, and made a conclusion that the fundamental approach to accelerating the formation of entrepreneur spirit and promoting enterprise innovation decision capacity were the reform of government system and enterprise system and the improvement of entrepreneur quality.     

On the real estate business industry consolidation strategy study

This article does some researches on real estate enterprise＇s integration strategic questions, goes deeply into analyzing the route choice of the integrative enterprise, offers a visual angle of real estate enterprise developmental strategy choice, and brings forward some politic thoughts, tries the best to make the real estate enterprise realize the specialization, scale management through the integration route choice, then enhances the competitiveness of the real estate enterprise, and promotes the sustainable development of the real estate industry.     

A simple American option pricing model

Binomial tree model was published in 1979, but it is impossible for hands to value American options with the model, and the result is imprecise. Using properties of continuous-time Martingale and Ito＇s theorem, the paper advances a concise model for valuing American option. The model is more simple and reliable than binomial tree model.     

Grey Critical Chain project scheduling technique and its application

Based on the idea of Grey System and interval number coefficient notation, a Grey Critical Chain scheduling approach is studied. According to Grey system Theory, the time of project or task completion can be considered as the object that extension is definite but intension is uncertain, which is coincident with the character of the project management. The Grey Critical Chain Scheduling Technique mainly aims at the single project time management, but the management idea can also be applied to the other knowledge areas of the project management. In this technique, we improve the selection method of the buffer time in the Critical Chain, in order to obtain reasonable Feeding Buffer time and Project Buffer time. In this paper, we will use an example to discuss the Grey Critical Chain Scheduling Technique, compare Grey Critical Chain with Program Evaluation and Review Technique, Critical Chain and Fuzzy Critical Chain, and analyze the advantages, disadvantages and applicable scope of their own.     

Research on the risk of the collateral in Chinese commercial banks

Credit risk mitigation is an efficient bank＇s credit management instrument, there is some barriers in using collateral ＆ guarantees in China. The article analyzes the operational risks from bank governance and legal environment aspects. Then, the paper puts forward some suggestions.     

Study on the applications of the Sarbanes Oxley Act in multinational corporations

The United States Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in 2002 （Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002）. The Act included many provisions that reflect on corporate governance for publicly traded corporations. The authors thought that the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act generally should apply to all US and non-US companies that had reporting obligations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended or that had filed registration statements under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended which they had not withdrawn. In Section two of the paper, from different perspectives, the author discussed why Many Multinational Companies （MNCs） should abide by the provisions pertaining to publicly trade corporation in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. At last, the authors examined which provisions that related to publicly traded corporations should be applied in MNCs and why others should not be applied.