企业利益相关者财权配置研究

传统的“股东主权”治理关注的是股东利益保护,而公司财务治理主要关注股东和经营者的企业内部财权配置。随着利益相关者理论的发展,现代企业的利益相关者都应有平等机会,享有企业剩余索取权和剩余控制权,企业的财权配置应不仅是内部财权配置,还应扩展到包括外部利益相关者在内的外部财权配置,以及为保证利益相关者财权配置实现的相机治理机制。     

股东主导下的企业财权配置

企业财权的安排是否合理、有效,关系企业治理的成败、决策效率与持续发展。本文探讨了相关的企业治理理论,在此基础上揭示了企业财权配置的特征,指出股东是企业财权的主导,各利益相关者是在股东的主导下参与企业财权分配,并提出了股东主导下的企业财权配置。     

基于利益相关者的国有企业经营绩效评价体系的构建

企业是由股东、债权人、顾客、员工、政府等利益相关者共同作用的有机整体,各利益相关者的利益需求及程度各不相同.在评价企业经营者绩效的好坏时,仅以股东利益至上为目标,并将此目标作为企业经营者绩效评价的唯一标准,显然是片面和不科学的,在实践中这种以股东利益至上为目标的企业绩效评价方式已经不断显现弊端.国有企业本身具有经济性和社会性双重属性,这要求在评价企业经营者绩效时,除了考虑股东利益外,还必须考虑顾客、社区大众、员工等其他利益相关者的利益需求,建立基于利益相关者利益需求的绩效评价系统,符合我们建设和谐社会的要求.     

警惕股东财富最大化目标下的财务次优决策

企业契约理论认为,企业是许多利益相关者订立一系列契约的集合,企业的财权安排应充分考虑各利益相关者的利益。然而,股东财富最大化的目标会使得企业管理当局仅仅考虑股东的利益,做出以牺牲企业价值换取增加股东财富的财务次优决策,本文通过案例分析说明了这一点。     

从社会责任角度看企业财权配置

企业社会责任问题的实质是企业的利益相关者问题,其强调企业对广泛利益相关者利益的关注。这冲击着传统的以“股权至上”为主导的企业治理结构以及财务治理结构。作为财务治理的核心,企业的财权配置要作适当的调整,即一方面吸引新的利益相关者参与企业财权的配置,另一方面适当扩充财务治理主体的财权内容。     

从社会责任角度看企业财权配置

企业社会责任问题的实质是企业的利益相关者问题，其强调企业对广泛利益相关者利益的关注。这冲击着传统的以“股权至上”为主导的企业治理结构以及财务治理结构。作为财务治理的核心，企业的财权配置要作适当的调整，即一方面吸引新的利益相关者参与企业财权的配置，另一方面适当扩充财务治理主体的财权内容。     

上市公司利益相关者财权配置研究

财权配置是上市公司财务治理的核心内容,运用利益相关者理论来研究企业财权配置对于拓展企业治理理论具有重要的理论和现实意义.文章从利益相关者理论视角,对上市公司财权配置对象进行了界定,明确了财权配置的原则,指出各利益相关者财权的实现,需要依托公司治理的共同机制和相机治理机制.     

再议公司财务治理的客体:财权

一、财权的来源:从股东的资本到利益相关者的资源公司财权的源泉决定着公司财权的动机和财务运作目标,也决定着公司财权的配置结构。实际上,这个命题等价于公司权力的来源。从理论和现实看,谁拥有企业权力,谁也就分享企业财权。主流     

基于利益相关者的国有企业经营者绩效评价体系的构建

企业是由股东、债权人、顾客、员工、政府等利益相关者共同作用的有机整体,各利益相关者的利益需求及程度各不相同。在评价企业经营者绩效的好坏时,仅以股东利益至上为目标,并将此目标作为企业经营者绩效评价的唯一标准,显然是片面和不科学的,在实践中这种以股东利益至上为目标的企业绩效评价方式已经不断显现弊端。国有企业本身具有经济性和社会性双重属性，这要求在评价企业经营者绩效时，     

再议公司财务治理的客体：财权

一、财权的来源：从股东的资本到利益相关者的资源 公司财权的源泉决定着公司财权的动机和财务运作目标,也决定着公司财权的配置结构。实际上,这个命题等价于公司权力的来源。从理论和现实看,谁拥有企业权力,谁也就分享企业财权。主流的经济学和管理学理论认为,公司的财权形成于财务资本,换句话说,     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。