人力资源管理的新内容:人力资源营销

人力资源营销可分为企业内部人力资源营销和企业外部人力资源营销，企业内部人力资源营销主要是指HR部门通过分析企业内部CEO，直线经理，普通员工的需求，有针对性地为他们提供HR管理产品而服务，企业外部人力资源营销主要是指部门利用外部的人力资源，如消费者，关联企业等来促使企业营销目标的实现。     

人力资源管理的内部营销视角探析

组织的利润、长期生存发展在很大程度上依赖于满意的顾客持续购买和其他种种忠诚行为,而顾客满意在很大程度上依赖于为顾客提供服务的员工。对我国企业来说,探讨如何通过内部营销提高员工素质及忠诚感,进而提高企业效率以至竞争力是非常有现实意义的。本文在对比分析市场营销管理与人力资源管理工作实质相似性的基础上,介绍内部营销理论的内涵,并探讨其在人力资源管理中的实现途径。     

服务业中人力资源管理内部营销模式的构建

随着全球经济的快速发展和市场环境的不断进步,服务行业之间的竞争也随之激烈,如何在众多的竞争对手中脱颖而出已经成为企业必须要面临的棘手问题。文章从内部营销内涵的介绍着手论述了内部营销指导人力资源管理工作的可行性,通过对服务行业内人力资源管理中存在的冗员和缺员并存、培训体系僵化、内部流动率低而员工流失率高等一系列问题的提出,提出服务业中人力资源管理内部营销的模型的创建,为企业在服务行业中的生存和发展起到一定的借鉴意义。     

基于内部营销的人力资源管理

传统营销的关注点，往往在于通过促销手段达成与外部顾客的交易，而现代营销的管理视角更为注重内外顾客的结合，即要想让外部顾客满意，必须让企业的第一顾客——内部员工满意。对内部营销的关注始于上世纪80年代，克里斯蒂安·格朗路斯在1981年的著作中，称内部营销是“把公司推销给作为‘内部消费者’的员工”。[第一段]     

信息化人力资源管理实施过程——基于内部营销视角的案例研究

尽管e-HRM在企业中已得到广泛的应用,但其实施过程困难重重,实际效果不尽如人意.已有研究识别了大量关于企业实施e-HRM的驱动因素和成功关键因素,但尚未揭示如何实施才能达到预期效果.针对这一问题,本项研究引入内部营销视角,采用探索性案例研究方法就浪潮集团实施e-HRM的案例进行分析,研究企业在开展HRM信息化过程中实施方与使用方之间的关系,揭示基于内部营销的e-HRM实施路径.研究结论表明,将e-HRM的用户纳入实施过程,在互动中实现实施方与使用方的匹配是e-HRM成功实施的关键.实施方与使用方两大主体在e-HRM实施的启蒙阶段、采用阶段、实现阶段和制度化阶段中各司其职,相互配合,最终保障e-HRM的成功实施.本文研究结论对e-HRM的理论研究与企业实施HRM的e化实践均具有积极意义.     

知识经济时代下的企业人力资源管理

知识经济时代的到来，使中国企业全面融入了全球化的经济体系。科学技术的进步，既加剧了企业之间的竞争，也改变了企业的生存方式和发展模式，特别是以计算机技术和现代通信技术为代表的信息科技正改变着经济社会的方方面面。在知识经济时代，充分认识人力资源管理在企业中的重要作用，把传统的人力资源管理转变成科学的人力资源管理，以适应市场经济日益残酷的挑战，是企业管理运作中的重要课题。     

人力资源管理的理论探索

20世纪80年代以来,适应人力资源管理实践的发展,国内外管理研究文献对人力资源管理的内涵作了不同的解释,对其理论进行了多角度的研究,并预测了发展趋势,这促进了人力资源管理理论的发展和完善。     

人力资源管理的十二个关键原则

一 人力资源管理必须关注三个标准。三个标准简单地说，一是利润；二是成本；三是时间。人力资源管理必须把自己看作是经营，所以在规划或实施人力资源管理项目时，必须关注项目的财务指标，必须能为企业创造利润，必须能为企业降低成本或控制成本，必须注意时间，讲求时效。     

企业非人力资源经理的人力资源管理职责

有效地进行人力资源管理是现代企业管理成功的基石,企业非人力资源经理对人力资源管理的思想意识、技能运用及与人力资源经理的有效配合是实现管理目标的基础。     

高校国有资产管理新思路可行性探讨

高校国有资产管理是学校管理工作的重要组成部分,加强高校国有资产管理已经成了国家有关部门和高校管理人员普遍关注的问题,文章从高校国有资产管理中存在的问题入手,剖析其成因并提出了对策。     

HRM System Strength and HRM Target Achievement—Toward a Broader Understanding of HRM Processes

For some time, HRM researchers have paid attention to the process dimensions of HRM systems, especially to the question of how HRM system strength impacts on HRM outcomes. However, contributions tend to be theoretical, and empirical analyses are still rare. This article contributes to the discussion on HRM system strength by empirically analyzing the links between HRM system strength and HRM target achievement. We differentiate between single components of strength and their partial effects on two HRM target groups: the targets focusing on employee attitudes and the targets focusing on availability and effectiveness of human resources. Findings from a German data set with more than 1,000 observations indicate that HRM system strength has a positive influence on average HRM target achievement. Expectations regarding the differentiated effects of single components of HRM system strength are only partially supported. Nevertheless, our analyses give reason to consider a broader conception of HRM system strength than what has been explored to date. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

HRM and Performance: A Plea for Reflexivity in HRM Studies

abstract    In this Counterpoint, we build on Paauwe's suggestions to take the field of HRM and Performance further. Rather than aiming for a synthesis or proposing a radical alternative, we argue that R(econstructive)-reflexivity is needed for theorizing HRM. In particular, we bring in insights from critical studies on the notion of HRM, on the notion of performance, and on the theoretical relationship between them as a way to open up new research avenues and lines of interpretation. For each of these three aspects, we indicate how studying the employment relationship can be reframed. In particular, we emphasize practice-oriented research as one possible research path for the field of HRM as it allows for an examination of HRM as a set of practices, embedded in a global economical, political and socio-cultural context. We end our counterpoint by reflecting on reflexivity, proposing three practices that can guide HRM scholars in becoming reflexive in the ways they study HRM.     

HRM professionals and their perceptions of HRM and firm performance in the Philippines

This paper reports the findings of a study conducted in the Philippines that examines the extent of adoption of human capital-enhancing human resource (HR) and industrial relations (IR) practices. Differences between locally owned and other organizations in these practices and their relationship to firm performance were also investigated. Questionnaire responses were obtained from managers and union representatives from 128 organizations located in the Philippines. The results indicated that there was, on average, a fairly high level of adoption of practices consistent with a strategic approach to human resource management (HRM), with foreign-owned firms tending to show a slightly higher level of adoption of such practices. A scale representing the adoption of a more conciliatory and union-friendly IR approach was found to be a significant predictor of perceived firm performance. Surprisingly, the level of strategic integration between HRM and business planning and most human capital-enhancing HR practices were not significant predictors of perceived firm performance. Research and practical implications in relation to the role of HRM in enhancing firm performance are discussed.     

Trade unions and HRM

Here the author reviews the stated positions and responses of unions towards employer initiated human resource management developments. The information reviewed is drawn from Canada, Britain and the USA, with some differences being apparent between countries.     

HRM and performance: the vulnerability of soft HRM practices during recession and retrenchment

This multi‐method case explores how change in HRM implementation can impact performance metrics in a recessionary climate. Qualitative HR outcome data are mapped against financial metrics to explore adoption of hard‐line HRM practices in a major UK retailer. Despite record profits throughout the recession, the organisation responded strategically to worsening conditions in the labour market, firstly to maintain operational flexibility, but then to opportunistically enlarge jobs and intensify work to help achieve immediate gains in financial metrics, including a gain of 37 per cent in profit per employee over 3 years. These gains were achieved by derailing commitment‐based approaches to HRM, pointing towards the vulnerability of soft HRM systems during times of austerity or retrenchment.     

Strong HRM processes and line managers' effective HRM implementation: a balanced view

Exploring a unitarist and pluralist Human Resource Management (HRM) perspective, we propose a more nuanced view on Bowen and Ostroff's (2004) concept of strong HRM processes. More specifically, we investigate whether strong HRM processes contribute positively or negatively to line managers' effective HRM implementation. The results of a multi‐level model with data from 125 line managers and 899 employees of five organisations show a complex picture. In line with unitarist thinking, we find a positive indirect effect of strong HRM processes on HRM implementation effectiveness via line managers' ability. In accordance with pluralist thinking, we find a negative direct relationship between strong HRM processes and HRM implementation effectiveness. We discuss the tensions in HRM that might explain these ambiguous findings.     

HRM and the legitimacy market

This article develops and proposes the concept of the legitimacy market as a counterpoint to the product market in strategic FIRM analysis and practice. It is driven by three major concerns. First, in much of the contemporary literature, internal efficiency pursuits and product market equirements appear to be the dominant reference points in HRM analysis and practice. Criteria of environmental legitimacy are scarcely recognized.

Second, despite the many claims that HRM is novel and distinctive, there appears to have been little social science development in the field of HRM. Third, the dominance of the strategic management paradigm in HRM has obscured the distinctiveness of HRM in organizations, especially its role in reflecting the external social and cultural environment. These concerns are addressed through the concept of the legitimacy market. The concept, it is argued, should help to conceptualize and analyse more effectively the environmental determinants of HRM, in particular culture and ideology, as well as suggesting alternatives for practitioners to follow. The core proposition upon which the article is predicated is that legitimacy and efficiency are the two central concerns of management.     

Employees as Active Consumers of HRM: Linking Employees’ HRM Competences with Their Perceptions of HRM Service Value

Recognizing the importance for companies of having high‐quality employment relationships with employees, previous studies have sought to explain the variability in employees’ perceptions of HRM service value. However, most of these studies view employees as inactive in employment relationships and, therefore, do not consider whether employees’ own attributes affect their perceptions of HRM service value. In accepting the alternative notion that consumers create value “in use,” the current study regards employees as active consumers of HRM practices, and so examines the extent and way in which employees’ HRM competences (i.e., knowledge, skills, and abilities) explain the variability in HRM service value. Based on data collected from 2,002 employees in 19 companies in the Netherlands, a positive relationship has been found between employees’ HRM competences and their perception of HRM service value, albeit one that is mediated by the perceived quality and nonmonetary costs of HRM services. The main implication of our findings is that employees should be seen as active agents in employment relationships who, through coproducing and consuming HRM services as well as leveraging their knowledge and skills, influence the value of HRM services and have the potential to increase or undermine the outcomes of the employment relationship. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.