中国宏观审慎监管工具的分工与合作

<正>2008年金融危机爆发后,加强宏观审慎监管已经迅速成为各国共识,美、英、欧盟等国先后提出了加强宏观审慎监管的金融体制改革方案,并描绘了本国(地区)宏观审慎监管框架的蓝图。国内人民银行和监管当局也在不断进行宏观审慎监管探索和实践,本文拟从宏观审慎监管框架的国际实践入手,结合中国金融监管实际,构建     

中国宏观审慎监管工具的分工与合作

<正>2008年金融危机爆发后,加强宏观审慎监管已经迅速成为各国共识,美、英、欧盟等国先后提出了加强宏观审慎监管的金融体制改革方案,并描绘了本国(地区)宏观审慎监管框架的蓝图。国内人民银行和监管当局也在不断进行宏观审慎监管探索和实践,本文拟从宏观审慎监管框架的国际实践入手,结合中国金融监管实际,构建     

宏观审慎监管框架下有关金融会计问题研究

国际金融危机爆发后,国际组织与各监管机构逐步完善了相应的会计准则和国际监管要求。以适应宏观审慎监管的需要,但是在实施的过程中金融会计领域尚存在系统性风险防范手段缺乏和与宏观审慎监管不和谐等问题。如何明晰中央银行在宏观审慎框架下的会计管理手段,解决宏观审慎监管框架下依然存在的金融会计问题,成为当前在各国金融监管者面临的一大挑战。     

宏观审慎监管政策目标、框架及工具的国际经验借鉴——以新加坡金管局为例

2008年全球金融危机凸显了监管机构进行宏观审慎监管的重要性和必要性,全球主要经济体及主要国际机构均加大了对宏观审慎监管的研究和改革力度。在此背景下,新加坡金管局也进一步强化了其自身的宏观审慎监管要求,明确提出了宏观审慎政策的政策目标,厘清了宏观审慎政策与微观审慎监管政策之间的补充和协调关系,完善了从风险识别到政策响应的宏观审慎监管框架与监管流程,并研究推出了较为丰富的宏观审慎监管政策方法与政策工具。本文对新加坡金管局的宏观审慎监管政策目标、框架及工具进行了研究整理,以期对我国的宏观审慎监管研究有所参考和启发。     

浅谈宏观审慎监管

宏观审慎监管对于预防以及控制金融系统的系统性风险具有重要的意义。本文从宏观审慎监管内涵及其必要性、宏观审慎监管的测度、宏观审慎监管的政策框架、逆周期资本制约的政策选择以及宏观审慎监管的国际合作这几个方面进行论述。     

浅谈宏观审慎监管

宏观审慎监管对于预防以及控制金融系统的系统性风险具有重要的意义。本文从宏观审慎监管内涵及其必要性、宏观审慎监管的测度、宏观审慎监管的政策框架、逆周期资本制约的政策选择以及宏观审慎监管的国际合作这几个方面进行论述。     

国际宏观审慎政策最新进展及启示

此轮次贷金融危机充分暴露了传统金融监管体制中存在的问题,加强宏观审慎监管成为了国际监管的主要认识。通过系统的梳理了国际组织以及主要经济体宏观审慎政策改革进展发现,为解决传统监管的不足,主要国际组织和各国均主张大力改革原有监管体制,引入宏观审慎政策框架,重新赋予中央银行宏观审慎管理权,并不断完善宏观审慎管理的制度机制安排和政策工具箱。最后,本文对完善我国宏观审慎政策提出了相应的政策建议。     

宏观审慎与微观审慎相互补充的国际比较与启示

宏观审慎政策是国际社会反思2008年国际金融危机的广泛共识和危机后主要经济体的普遍实践。宏观审慎监管是为维护金融体系的稳定,防止金融系统对经济体系的负外部溢出而采取的一种自上而下的监管模式。为了完善宏观审慎政策和货币政策调控框架,我国应把在国内宏观审慎政策的具体形式和实践发展要求结合起来,吸收借鉴国际宏观审慎与微观审慎相互补充的有效做法,不断完善宏观审慎政策框架,丰富和优化宏观审慎政策工具,切实提高系统性金融风险防范化解能力。     

宏观审慎监管框架下金融监管协调问题研究

当前,加强宏观审慎监管、防范系统性风险已成为国际共识,我国也明确提出要“构建逆周期的金融宏观审慎管理制度框架”.与微观审慎监管相对应,宏观审慎监管是仅着重于单个机构风险头寸的微观审慎监管的补充,在金融风险日趋复杂的环境下,构建宏观审慎与微观审慎有机结合的监管体系是本轮金融监管改革的基本目标,二者协调才是最完善有效的监管.本文借鉴发达国家金融监管协调经验,对我国宏观审慎监管框架下宏、微观监管协调问题进行探讨,提出监管协调方案.     

关于宏观审慎监管的初步思考

此次国际金融危机爆发后,国际社会从监管方面在对危机的反思中认识到宏观审慎监管的重要性。本文对宏观审慎监管的基本概念、政策工具,国内外政策实践进行了初步的探讨和总结,以期对我国宏观审慎监管框架的构建有所帮助。     

Debt and Taxes and Uncertainty

With a graduated personal tax schedule, Miller showed that there could be an equilibrium debt supply for the corporate sector as a whole. In the presence of uncertainty there is also a unique debt/equity ratio for each individual firm, and this ratio is related to the firm's operational risk characteristics. However, if firms merge and spin off in response to tax incentives, the identity of firms is ambiguous and only the corporate sector is a meaningful construct. These arguments are developed in both discrete and continuous models that employ extensions of the arbitrage-free pricing theory.     

教育与资本怎样的前景怎样的现实

来自政府的声音: "动员各种社会资源,发展教育" 此次论坛上财政部长助理张少春的发言是最受关注的发言之一.他的演讲传达出的信息有这样几方面:第一,谈到现实,他认为全社会对教育的巨大需求与我国公共投入不足已成为我国教育事业发展的突出矛盾.近年来,以公共部门投入为主,多渠道筹措教育经费的教育投入机制成为解决这一问题的重要途径,也使得公共部门与私营部门在教育领域的合作日益密切.第二,谈到前景,他认为,1.中国经济持续、快速的增长对高技能人才产生巨大的需求,这为私营部门的参与提供了广阔空间.2.随着公共财政职能的不断完善,财政资金将在各项教育事业中重新进行分配,进一步优化财政支出结构,提高资金的使用效率.在"十一五"期间,我国将把公共支出的重点转移到农村.我们将逐步把全体农村适龄儿童的义务教育全部纳入公共财政体制.     

Director gender and mergers and acquisitions

Does director gender influence CEO empire building? Does it affect the bid premium paid for target firms? Less overconfident female directors less overestimate merger gains. As a result, firms with female directors are less likely to make acquisitions and if they do, pay lower bid premia. Using acquisition bids by S&P 1500 companies during 1997–2009 we find that each additional female director is associated with 7.6% fewer bids, and each additional female director on a bidder board reduces the bid premium paid by 15.4%. Our findings support the notion that female directors help create shareholder value through their influence on acquisition decisions. We also discuss other possible interpretations of our findings.     

Political corruption and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between political corruption and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that local corruption increases firm acquisitiveness but decreases firm targetiveness. The levels of corruption in acquirer areas relate positively to the bid premiums and negatively to the likelihood of deal completion. Corruption motivates acquiring firms to use excess cash for payment, which mitigates the negative effect of corruption on acquirer shareholder value. The evidence indicates that acquisitions help acquiring firms convert cash into hard-to-extract assets and relocate assets from the high to low corruption areas, thereby shielding their liquid assets from expropriation by local officials.     

Trust and cross-border mergers and acquisitions

A number of studies suggest that social trust matters for investment. Using different measures of trust from World Values Survey, we show that countries where people display higher levels of trust engage in more cross-border M&A activities. When they do, these acquirers pay lower premiums. To the extent that these acquirers also tend to engage in larger acquisitions as well, our findings suggest that a larger selection pool of potential targets and higher value targets enable these acquirers to negotiate for lower premiums. We do not find evidence of the significant effect for target country trust levels. Hence, trust may benefit those acquiring firms in cross-border transactions.     

Tournament-based incentives and mergers and acquisitions

This research examines the relation between tournament-based incentives, which are proxied by the difference between a firm's CEO pay and the median pay of the senior managers, and mergers and acquisitions (M&As). We find that tournament-based incentives are positively related to firm acquisitiveness and acquiring firms' stock and operating performance. Further analysis indicates that positive acquisition performance increases the likelihood of the CEO being promoted from inside the acquiring firm. Our evidence is consistent with the view that tournament-based incentives motivate acquiring firms' managers to make greater efforts and take more risk that result in superior acquisition performance.     

Corporate Innovations and Mergers and Acquisitions

Using a large and unique patent‐merger data set over the period 1984 to 2006, we show that companies with large patent portfolios and low R&D expenses are acquirers, while companies with high R&D expenses and slow growth in patent output are targets. Further, technological overlap between firm pairs has a positive effect on transaction incidence, and this effect is reduced for firm pairs that overlap in product markets. We also show that acquirers with prior technological linkage to their target firms produce more patents afterwards. We conclude that synergies obtained from combining innovation capabilities are important drivers of acquisitions.     

East and west and north and south : A preliminary model

The Brandt report and other proposals for a new North-South world order continue to be the focus of lively debate, yet it is often argued that little concrete has emerged from their recommendations. A major reason for this, the author argues, is that the East-West conflict component is not sufficiently taken into consideration-East-West tensions are a severe constraint on and a determining factor of North-South relations. Using influence diagrams, the author develops a flexible framework for discussion and assessment of N/S-E/W relations.