经济全球化趋势下我国企业信息化建设初探

世界经济全球化，对我国经济发展既是机遇也是挑战。面对当今世界在高科技信息技术方面极具优势的国际竞争对手，我们只有思想上更加重视，技术上勇于创新，人才上加紧培养，才能有效地应对日益激烈的国内外市场竞争的挑战。     

我国承接国际服务外包问题研究

近20年前后国际服务外包兴起,推动出现以服务业国际转移为特点的经济全球化新浪潮,对后起国家经济发展政策选择提供了新的机遇。本文在考察我国承接国际服务外包认识过程和发展现状基础上,从发展路径选择、硬件和人才基础条件、政策调整滞后等方面分析我国在这一领域相对落后根源,探讨促进我国承接国际服务外包政策措施。     

经济全球化与中国工业结构变化

理论分析显示经济全球化能通过固定资产投资、制度变迁和劳动力等因素引发中国工业结构变化。运用协整分析和ECM等方法实证检验显示长期内经济全球化增长1%将促使我国工业结构变化0.27%,固定资产投资、制度变迁和劳动力均能促进我国工业结构变化,而短期内经济全球化和劳动力可能制约工业结构变化。     

论经济全球化对世界民主化进程的推动作用

20世纪90年代以来,经济全球化进程不断加快,世界各国各地区之间的经济联系更加密切,世界各国日益强调平等互利原则,相互竞争的同时注重协调与合作,多元化、宽容、妥协与合作,成为各国经济国际化进程中的基本共识。经济全球化发展,还使更多国家选择了市场经济体制。各国市场经济体制的建立与发展,使得推动民主化进程的民主力量不断发展壮大。作为世界民主化进程的基本内容,民主的制度化与权力运作的法制化,相应地也得到各国普遍认同,在实践当中进一步丰富和发展。     

加强政府对城市生态经济管理

从城市生态环境的角度出发,论述政府管理在保持城市生态环境中的重要性,提出政府对城市生态管理的六种基本经济型,征税治污,补贴绿化模型,限制排污模型,排污交易模型,提供公共绿化模型和费用控制模型,以期政府用经济手段搞好环境保护。     

美国硅谷创业生态系统环境研究

互联网时代的环链模式彻底改变了全球产业结构,创业者如何系统化地思考创业活动成为创业企业可持续成长的关键。在梳理和总结国内外现有创业生态学研究相关文献的基础上,以美国硅谷创业生态系统为例,从政府政策、创业融资、创业教育、研发转化、文化和社会规范5个方面系统分析了美国硅谷的创业生态系统环境,可为中国创业生态系统的持续发展提供有益的启示。     

The New Division of Labor in the Globalized Economy: Women’s Challenges and Opportunities

The way in which the new international division of labor (NIDL) in the globalized economy affects gender inequalities has not been sufficiently explored yet. The body of literature on commodity chains that has attempted to assess the welfare effects of the NIDL, especially in less developed countries, has paid sparse attention to gender issues. Globalization has entailed the deverticalization of commodity supply chains and the emergence of highly concentrated financial groups and transnational companies linked to a network of firms operating as affiliates and suppliers, namely the global commodity chains. The NIDL could worsen gender inequality, due to the particular organizational strategies in global commodity chains that privilege power, instead of trust and market exchange, as the major form of governance and means for resource allocation. Because women represent the poorest swathe of the world’s population, they suffer the most from the growing wealth inequality and the concentration of power produced by the NIDL. Moreover, because of the traditional sexual division of labor and because of their low status in society, women are the most harshly exploited subjects in the system. The general conclusion of the paper is that in the NIDL the main means of resource allocation are not competitive markets, as often suggested by the GCV literature and mainstream economics, but are instead power relations that ultimately stem from the patriarchal culture of violence and domination.     

经济全球化对生态环境的影响

随着世界贸易、投资自由化的逐步扩大和现代科学技术特别是信息技术的发展，经济全球化作为一种新的国际关系正在加快推进全球产业结构调整。关于贸易自由化的环境影响，自由贸易倡导者与环境主义者之间存在着分歧。事实上，贸易全球化对环境的总体影响是规模效应、结构效应、技术效应和产品效应的复杂变化的净结果。跨国公司是经济全球化的载体，有潜力在全球可持续发展中扮演正面角色。在竞争市场中，环境保护是跨国公司的一个重要考虑，但是以经济增长来为顾客和股东服务仍然是跨国公司的中心任务。跨国公司的环境管理实践应把可持续发展作为生存公式。     

Federal transfers, environmental policy and economic growth

We study the effects of commonly used cross-country transfer programs on uncoordinated national environmental policies, economic growth and natural resources in a federal economy. Natural resources are a federation-wide public good. In each member country, production degrades the environment, but clean-up policy can improve it. Clean-up policy is financed by taxes on polluting firms’ output and cross-country redistributive transfers. We solve for a symmetric Nash equilibrium among national governments. Transfer policies that lead to higher pollution taxes make existence harder, and are harmful not only to growth but also to the environment. The best way to improve environmental quality is to implement a taxation system that stimulates growth and broadens tax bases to finance national clean-up policies.     

论经济全球化下贸易摩擦的新发展

伴随经济全球化的深入 ,国家间的贸易摩擦也频繁发生 ,并呈现出新的发展趋势和特征。经济发展的不平衡性、特定时期的世界经济发展形势、贸易理论的发展变化、经济的结构性障碍和制度差异、国际产业结构的升级转移、WTO争端解决机制的缺陷以及政治因素等 ,是导致国家间贸易摩擦发展的主要原因。     

Do liberalization and globalization increase income inequality?

Using the Standardized World Income Inequality Database, we examine if the KOF Index of Globalization and the Economic Freedom Index of the Fraser institute are related to within-country income inequality using panel data covering around 80 countries 1970–2005. Freedom to trade internationally is robustly related to inequality, also when adding several control variables and controlling for potential endogeneity using GMM. Social globalization and deregulation is also linked to inequality. Reforms towards economic freedom seem to increase inequality mainly in rich countries, and social globalization is more important in less developed countries. Monetary reforms, legal reforms and political globalization do not increase inequality.     

中国省际劳动力流动的特征演变及经济合理性研究:1995-2010

通过比较1995—2010年三次人口调查数据,考察我国省际劳动力流动的特征演变及经济合理性。结果表明,1995—2010年我国省际劳动力流动数量上呈现出规模趋大,流入流出分布均呈空间极化和时间惯性,典型流入省区的流出增幅趋大,流动重心北移等特征。结构演变则表现为省际流动劳动力年龄分布趋于集中,纵比中年化与横比年轻化并存、受教育水平趋高但增幅趋小、经济型流动为主且日趋明显、中西部短期化流动倾向增强,东部和东北部则渐趋长期化、就业集中于二三次产业,且东部更趋向集中等。计量结果显示,1995—2010年的省际劳动力流动有助于促进地区经济发展和缩小省区间经济增长差距,具备经济合理性。     

经济全球化下的农产品对外贸易政策及其调整

经济全球化形成当今世界经济发展的主流,中国加入WTO,必将加快其融入经济全球化的步伐,因而农产品对外贸易政策体系的建立及其调整是21世纪我国农业经济和贸易经济发展的战略选择。     

Comment on “σ: The long and short of it”

I comment on some of the issues discussed by Robert Chirinko (Chirinko, R.S., 2008. σ: The long and short of it. Journal of Macroeconomics 30 (2), 671-686). I also offer some additional evidence and discuss the theoretical implications of the empirical findings regarding σ.     

The fragility of a discipline when a model has monopoly status

We consider the consequences of a scientific literature with only one model of an important phenomenon. The falsification of the model would mean falsification of the science. Scientists who would prefer not to have their discipline falsified will be tempted to find ad hoc explanations to excuse the failure. To test this hypothesis we propose a study of the economic forecasts of the comparative Soviet and American growth rates in the years before a public choice model of central planning was a viable alternative to the public interest model. JEL Code A11, B23 Earlier versions of the paper were presented at the University of Manitoba Economics Department Retreat in October 2005 and at the Center for Study of Public Choice Wednesday Seminar in November 2005. We thank the participants for their suggestions. All the remaining errors are our responsibility.     

人口、资源与环境经济学结构框架的生产视角分析

本文从生产的视角勾画了人口、资源与环境经济学的结构框架.通过对生产过程、生产要素的分析,揭示了人口、资源、环境与经济系统的内在联系;在人口、资源、环境经济大系统中分析了人口生产系统、资源环境生产系统和经济生产系统的生产目的及其相互关系;人口、资源与环境经济学应该实现对来自人口的人力资源、来自生态系统的自然资源和来自经济系统的人造资源三种生产性资源的有效配置,实现人与自然的协调发展.     

经济全球化、就业替代与中部地区的"边缘化"

20世纪90年代以来,随着我国对外开放程度不断加深、外商直接投资不断扩展,沿海地区的区位优势得到充分体现,以劳动密集产业和高新技术产业为主的制造业发展迅速,这些地区正在以一种反梯度模式进行着其特殊的"再工业化"过程,并形成对内地国有部门和传统工业地区的刚性就业替代。人口外迁、就业萎缩、经济地位下降,中部地区在经济全球化过程中正在显现被"边缘化"的趋势。     

Did globalization drive convergence? Identifying cross-country growth regimes in the long run

This paper is the first to apply a finite mixture model to a sample of 64 nations to endogenously analyze the cross-country growth behavior over the period 1870–2003. Results show that growth patterns were segmented in two worldwide regimes, the one characterized by convergence in per capita income, and the other by divergence. Interestingly, when three historical epochs are distinctly analyzed, in order to investigate the empirical link between globalization and convergence, the dynamics which dominated over the whole period seem to have emerged only during the post-1950 years. In contrast, the First Global Wave was marked by persistent heterogeneities.     

我国政策性农业保险公司模式研究

我国是一个农业大国,农村人口占全国人口总数的61%.目前我国农业保险的现状与其经济的发展不相适应,急需在全国设立政策性农业保险公司,以推动全国政策性农业保险的发展.有鉴于此,应从发展政策性农业保险的作用入手,分析建立我国政策性农业保险公司的前提,探讨建立我国政策性农业保险公司的模式.