基于MOVES的停靠站公交尾气排放规律研究

为研究公交车辆在停靠站停靠时尾气排放的规律,文章通过现场调查公交车停靠过程,使用MOVES2014a模型对公交停靠过程中尾气污染物(包括主要三种尾气污染物CO、NOx、HC)的排放规律进行模拟仿真模拟。发现在停靠过程中,三种排放物中NOx排放量最大,并随着速度的减小各污染物排放因子不断增大,尤其在怠速阶段公交车尾气排放量达到最大。在三种运行工况下,怠速工况对公交车尾气排放影响最大,加速工况下次之,减速工况下最小。     

怠速下机动车气体污染物排放水平研究

随着城市机动车保有量的迅速增加,机动车尾气污染已成为影响大气环境质量的一个重要污染源。本文系统监测了不同运行工况(高怠速、怠速)下机动车气体污染物排放水平,系统分析总结了CO和HC两种主要污染物变化规律,对控制机动车气体污染物水平,改善环境空气质量有重要理论和现实意义。     

机动车尾气检测方法的优劣比较

现阶段,我国机动车保有量不断增加,机动车尾气排放量也大幅度增加,生态环境污染问题日益严重,对人体健康造成了严重的威胁。通过加强对机动车尾气检测,能够有效控制机动车尾气排放。文章分析了几种常见的机动车尾气检测方法,对各种尾气检测方法的优劣进行了比较,并以某地区为例提出了机动车尾气检测方法的选择方案。     

柴油机排放控制技术

汽车尾气排放严重污染着环境，采用新技术控制车辆尾气中有害物的排放量，对改善人们的生活环境具有重要意义。从改善车用燃油品质、采用发动机机内净化技术、排气后处理以及采用代用燃料等方面介绍了柴油机排放控制的方法及柴油机排放控制技术，最后介绍了目前柴油机排放控制技术的应用现状及发展方向。     

我国汽油车尾气检测方法的比较分析

目前,在汽车尾气检测方面,我国常用的方法主要包括怠速法、双怠速法和简易工况法,另外还有最近几年发展的遥感监测方法和车载尾气检测法。本文通过分析介绍这几类检测方法的原理及其优缺点来进行比较分析。     

浅析汽车尾气排放控制技术

随着我国汽车的产销量快速增长,随之而来的是对环境的影响日趋严重,给城市和区域空气质量带来巨大压力。在此背景下,国家对汽车尾气排放的要求也越来越高,排放法规更新速度也越来越快。文章结合国六排放法规的内容进行解读,结合国内市场车型现状,提出满足国六排放法规的一些思路,使车辆能更好地控制尾气排放。     

因尾气排放差异 质检总局对大众发布风险警示通告

<正>日前,针对大众汽车尾气排放数值存在差异的问题,质检总局发布了2015年第2号风险警示通告,而就在不久前,质检总局刚刚发布了关于部分进口大众汽车转向柱缺陷的1号风险警示通告。记者从质检总局获悉,近期,大众汽车(中国)销售有限公司确认,由于安装了特定的发动机控制模块软件,会导致部分进口大众柴油车辆的尾气排放检测数值在实验室检测时与实际道路行驶时存在差异。据该公司统     

氧传感器及其应用

氧传感器作为电子控制燃油喷射发动机的重要部件,对发动机正常运转和尾气排放的有效控制起着至关重要的作用,一旦氧传感器及其连接线路出现故障,不但会使排放超标,还会使发动机工况恶化,导致怠速熄火、发动机运转失准等各种故障。因此,适时地对氧传感器进行监测和观察,对保证汽车在良好状态下运行大有益处。     

机动车尾气检测线检测工作质量控制探讨

作为空气污染的重要来源之一,机动车尾气排放问题急需治理与改善,将机动车尾气检测作为定期检查的重点工作项目,进行长期、有效的监督。就如何提高机动车尾气检测线检测工作质量控制进行了探讨。     

欧洲议会通过重型车辆欧Ⅵ排放标准

2008年12月16日,欧洲议会在法国斯特拉斯堡通过了针对重型车辆的欧Ⅵ排放标准,这一排放标准对2.61吨以上的重型车辆(卡车和巴士)进行了统一限制.根据标准,新推出的车型从2012年12月31日开始实行,而其他新出厂车辆则从2013年12月31日开始实行.     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。