中韩外贸许可制和外贸代理制比较

中韩外贸许可制和外贸代理制比较邓德雄一、韩国外贸许可制和外贸代理制总的来说，外贸许可制和外贸代理制是韩国外贸管理体制的一个重要组成部分。韩国通过规范外贸业和外贸代理业，以及从业者需具备的资格（基准）和需履行的手续，构筑了具有韩国特色的外贸许可制和外贸...     

注册制改革对科创板IPO定价效率的影响研究

文章主要从一级市场发行定价角度,研究了科创板实行注册制改革对IPO定价效率的影响效应,并通过借鉴已有文献选取了具有创新性的随机前沿分析模型作为IPO定价效率的测度方法。为了检验我国科创板试点注册制改革是否达到了改善发行市场定价效率的目的,文章选取了未实施注册制改革的创业板、中小板数据与科创板进行比较研究。实证结果表明:科创板、创业板、中小板的IPO定价效率分别为99.76%、89.49%、87.8%;实行注册制的科创板IPO定价效率明显高于实行核准制的其他板块;科创板试点注册制改善了新股发行定价效率,推行注册制有助于提高新股发行定价效率。     

面向再制造的废旧电子产品回收定价和收入共享契约研究

考虑由制造商、分销商和零售商组成的废旧电子产品回收再制造三级闭环供应链。首先在分散决策和集中决策两种情况下,对零售商分别基于自身利润最大化和供应链整体利润最大化建立了数学模型,得到了零售商回收废旧电子产品的最优定价,随后针对再制造产品建立了收入共享契约模型,并对收入共享契约参数进行了求解。     

中国女子篮球甲级联赛三人制与两人制裁判的比较研究

调查得知:三人制裁判的实施,拟补了两人制裁判的不足,促进了我国篮球技战术水平的发展,减少了比赛中错漏判的产生,增强了比赛的观赏性和流畅性,保证了比赛的公平和公正.     

生产者责任延伸制下销售一回收型闭环供应链收益共享契约研究

针对由单个制造商和单个销售商所组成的销售－回收型闭环供应链,在生产者延伸责任（ EPR）制度下,制造商委托销售商销售产品,同时制造商承担实施EPR制度的成本。考虑产品的销量、回收量均受实施EPR制成本影响的基础上,从最大化供应链利润和最大化EPR绩效水平两个视角设计收益共享协调契约,该收益共享契约能实现两个视角下闭环供应链的协调,有助于供应链成员在实施EPR制度的同时提高利润,从而激励供应链成员实施EPR制度,积极参与废旧品的回收。     

建设统一大市场背景下的产品服务系统差异化与企业伦理决策——基于财产保险行业的实证研究

文章基于行业竞争场景,在企业层面检验了产品服务系统（PSS）差异化与企业违规行为之间的关系,样本取自中国财产保险行业2009—2019年间的面板数据,共涉及56家在中国大陆提供财产保险服务的公司。研究发现,PSS差异化与企业违规行为之间呈现U型关系,竞争地位对以上主效应具有中介作用。从全国统一大市场视角看,市场分割作为中国本土管理情境中的制度变量,对PSS差异化和企业违规行为之间的关系存在正向调节作用,具体地说,在PSS差异化程度较低时,市场分割程度的增加会削弱PSS差异化对企业违规行为的负向影响;在PSS差异化程度较高时,市场分割程度的增加会增强PSS差异化对企业违规行为的正向影响。该研究聚焦于中国统一大市场建设进程中的突出现象,批判吸收了西方学术界现有的伦理决策模型,研究结论为企业违规行为的发生机理和边界条件提供了更加符合中国管理情境的解释,也为行业市场上企业违规行为的干预和治理策略提供了理论参考。     

外生单向溢出效应下纵向差异化产品Cournot和Bertrand竞争均衡的比较研究

研究价格(Bertrand)和数量(Cournot)竞争模式下,单向溢出对企业质量选择、利润的影响。以纵向差异化市场结构为例,建立了基于单向质量溢出的不对称寡头竞争模型,运用赋值计算对模型的均衡解进行了比较分析,结论是:1给定溢出因子和学习效应的合理取值范围,领先和跟随企业的质量与利润在价格竞争下都小于数量竞争;2质量间的单向溢出效应、跟随者的学习努力都会导致领先者初始质量的下降,但在价格竞争时,这种\"逆向选择\"效应的程度较低;3跟随者的学习激励随着溢出效应的提高而降低,并不受竞争策略变化的影响。这些发现可以解释中国轿车产业竞争模式对合资和自主创新企业关系变化的影响。     

Allocative Efficiency of Agrifood Traders: Shrimp Traders in Indonesia

Shrimp is one of Indonesia's most important agricultural export commodities, with an annual export value exceeding $1 billion. If this high-value sector is to remain competitive and continue to grow, rural traders must be able to efficiently allocate scarce labour and factor inputs to trade shrimp. This study tests for factors leading to allocative inefficiency in the shrimp trade, by estimating a stochastic cost frontier on the basis of data from a survey of 200 shrimp traders in Central Java and South Sulawesi. Our results show that larger firms have a distinct cost advantage in trade and, owing in part to greater access to factor markets, are more efficient in allocating factors. Small firms can improve their allocative efficiency and become more competitive by specialising in trading one shrimp variety and by using output contracts to mitigate risk in the output market.     

浅析天然气管道运输定价

天然气管道运输定价对于天然气市场的发展有着重要的作用,我国传统的天然气定价机制不能够适应天然气管输的特性,与我国天然气市场的需求已不相适应,本文将我国现阶段的一部制天然气定价方法与国外成熟的两部制天然气定价方法相比较,为我国的天然气管输定价机制的改革提出了合理性建议。     

政府干涉下双渠道营销的闭环供应链协调

在销售的产品存在价格差异的情形下建立了双渠道营销闭环供应链博弈模型。为了研究政府的干涉措施对双渠道闭环供应链的影响,分别构建了政府干涉前后的分散决策模型,通过求解模型得到了供应链中成员的最优决策及利润,以及制造商利润与政府奖惩力度的临界关系,并以集中决策下的结果作为基准,提出了改进的二部定价契约协调供应链。通过模型之间的比较分析,结合数值算例,得到政府对制造商的干涉措施能够有效提高废旧产品的回收率,而二部定价契约能够有效协调政府干涉下的双渠道闭环供应链。最后,对系统中主要参数进行了灵敏度分析。     

城市住房产品配置效率分析

随着我国人口向城市转移,城市住房需求矛盾日渐突出,解决城市住房合理供给问题十分迫切。城市住房产品具有准公共性,完全由市场提供或公共提供都会造成社会总收益的损失。优化我国城市住房产品配置效率措施应为采取混合提供方式,坚持市场化供给,加大小户型、低总价住房供给,平抑过高房价,保持房价平稳增涨。     

Measuring Lifetime Redistribution in Dutch Occupational Pensions

Summary  This paper assesses how the Dutch system of occupational pensions redistributes between and within generations. The approach in this paper deviates from the usual approach by incorporating the full life cycle in the measurements, rather than only the annual effects. In order to quantify redistribution, we use the level of educational attainment, gender and age to classify the pension fund population. For all groups distinguished, we measure in present value terms the average net benefit from participating in occupational pensions. The results indicate a sizable redistribution from males to females and from low educated to higher educated workers. On a lifetime basis, the impact of intergenerational transfers is modest. I am grateful to the two anonymous referees, Ed Westerhout, Casper van Ewijk, Lex Meijdam, Yvonne Adema and Peter Kooiman for their helpful comments on earlier drafts of this paper, and to Andre Nibbelink for his valuable computational assistance.     

Determinants of technical efficiency and farmers’ crop choice rationality: A case study of rural Gansu,China

Land exchange based on market transactions in which lessors and lessees participate voluntarily not only makes them better off but also enhances the overall efficiency of land use and agricultural production. However, it is worthwhile to empirically explore the effect of land rental on overall technical efficiency in the context of Chinese agriculture because non-farm household producers have increasingly entered the farming business as cultivators. If such producers underperform farm households in terms of efficiency, land consolidation does not necessarily deliver the desired outcome. This study demonstrates that the development of land rental markets improves agricultural technical efficiency at the aggregate level. Another important issue addressed in this study is to examine farmers’ crop choice rationality. China offers an interesting case in this respect. This is because, while the central government has long strived to maintain a high grain self-sufficiency rate, the relative prices of farm products have recently moved in favor of non-grain products. Our empirical result suggests that there is room for further increase in farm revenues of Gansu’s producers by shifting resources away from cereal toward horticultural production.     

契约运行条件下我国农村土地产权制度的效率

契约作为制约我国农村土地产权制度效率的重要因素,其本身具有不完备特性。影响我国农村土地产权制度中契约水平的主要因素是契约主体的垄断偏好。契约对产权制度效率有直接影响,但其真实影响力远未得到开发。这为从契约入手,加强对契约的治理,从而提高农地产权制度效率提供了一个明晰的思路。     

Statistical Discrimination in the Labour Market: An Efficient Vice?

On the presumption that more information improves economic decision-making, it is often claimed that statistical discrimination reduces inefficiencies. Outlawing discrimination then means foregone efficiency gains. This paper examines whether there is indeed an uncomfortable trade-off between equality and efficiency, by reconsidering some of the most significant statistical-discrimination models. The conclusion is that there is no firm basis for supposing that statistical discrimination is efficient. As well as disputing the efficiency claim, the paper casts further doubts on the common interpretation of the decomposition of empirical wage differentials.