How does economic transition breed corruption?

Based on the existing literature, this paper discusses the relationship between economic transition and corruption, and argues that economic transition is one of the main roots of the spread of corruption in transitional China. It divides economic transition into four parts, and examines various channels by which economic transition breeds corruption opportunities. By applying the case statistical analysis method to analyze 594 major corruption cases, it finds the most corruption-prone areas, and provides some empirical evidence on the existence of such channels.     

关于上市公司财务杠杆与成长性的实证研究——以山西为例

上市公司的成长性与广大投资者、公司债权人、证券监管机构等都有着十分密切的关系.以山西省21家上市公司为研究对象,运用回归分析研究了上市公司财务杠杆与公司成长性的关系,并研究了上市公司成长性的其他影响因素.实证研究结果表明,山西省上市公司财务杠杆对公司成长有抑制作用.     

机构投资者分心与公司杠杆操纵

本文以机构投资者在其投资组合中注意力分配差异而产生的不同“分心”程度作为识别监督外在变化的手段,验证了其对企业杠杆操纵的重要影响。研究发现,上市公司会趁机构投资者“分心”而监督弱化时实施更多杠杆操纵行为,经稳健性检验后该结论依然成立。影响机制分析发现,机构投资者“分心”通过弱化其监督治理效应、降低公司股价信息含量进一步加剧企业杠杆操纵现象,使得企业得以隐藏真实杠杆水平,误导债权人以更低的资本成本借出资金,但也为企业的未来埋下隐患,致使企业潜在债务违约风险与财务风险增大。此外,在机构投资者“分心”加剧企业杠杆操纵的关系中,“去杠杆”政策实施和去杠杆压力发挥了正向调节作用。本文丰富了机构投资者“分心”经济后果研究,也为监管部门强化对企业监管提供了重要启示。     

A contribution to the empirics of press freedom and corruption

We test the relationship between aggregate press freedom and corruption performing a modified extreme bounds analysis. We also test the relation among different forms of restrictions to press freedom using previously unexplored disaggregated data. Our results support the theoretical view that restrictions to press freedom leads to higher corruption. Furthermore, we obtain that both political and economic influences on the media are strongly and robustly related to corruption, while detrimental laws and regulations influencing the media are not. In all cases the evidence indicates, although not conclusively, that the direction of causation runs from a freer press to lower corruption.     

Endogenous economic freedom and the wealth of nations: evidence from a panel of countries, 1996–2011

Indexes of economic freedom measure the degree to which the policies and institutions of countries are supportive of economic freedom. The authors find a considerable scope for improvement in Index of Economic Freedom, created by Heritage Foundation, since not all components of index have equal effect on economic well-being. Contrary to Heritage methodology the authors tackle the aggregation bias and highlight that each index component contributes differently to the level of economic freedom and subsequently to the level of income per capita. The level of fiscal freedom and monetary freedom exert the strongest influence on the overall index of economic freedom. Authors present the new endogenous cross-country ranking of 135 countries from Instrumental Variable-Two Stage Least Squares (IV-2SLS) empirical specification which removes the inconsistencies arising from the arbitrary assumption of the equivalent effect of each component on the overall index and, hence, the level of real income per capita.     

投资者关系管理与企业风险承担

公司治理的功效不仅体现在提高企业经营业绩上,促进企业科学决策,合理进行风险控制,实现企业的长期稳定发展也同等重要。本文以2012—2017年我国沪深A股上市公司为样本,利用南京大学联合中国证监会开展的投资者关系管理状况调查,实证检验投资者关系管理对企业风险承担的影响。研究发现:(1)投资者关系管理越好的企业,企业承担的风险水平越低,表明投资者关系管理具有自主性治理效应,能抑制企业过多的风险性行为,从而有效降低企业所承担的风险水平。(2)投资者关系管理的这一治理效应在内部和外部监督机制薄弱的企业中更为显著,说明良好的投资者关系管理一定程度上能形成企业内外部监督机制的弥补,从而对企业所承担的风险产生治理作用。(3)投资者关系管理通过抑制企业过度负债和过度投资降低了企业所承担的风险水平,而与此同时,没有证据表明投资者关系管理导致了企业投资不足,从而带来投资效率的损失。(4)CEO财务背景和董秘专业能力的内部因素以及机构投资者调研、网络媒体平台开通的外部因素对于企业投资者关系管理水平具有显著的促进作用。     

S管理:企业的文化教育战略

本文在对企业教育现状的研究基础上,结合国外企业教育研究的成功经验与我国企业教育存在的问题,制定了以S理论为核心的文化教育战略,将是对企业教育思想进行的重大变革与制度的创新。保证“自在人”在教育型企业中、在教育型领导的关怀、指导下,充分体会到自在和快乐学习的感觉,以培养员工自觉、主动受教育、学习的过程。     

公司治理、企业经济绩效与企业社会责任——基于中国制造业上市公司数据的经验研究

笔者以深、沪两市制造业2005年的相关数据为研究样本进行实证分析,结果表明,企业社会责任与独立董事比例正相关,与资产规模负相关,与是否两权分离、净资产收益率无明显相关性;国有控股公司履行社会责任情况较差;每股收益与政府所得贡献率正相关,而与供应商所得贡献率负相关.     

债务杠杆与企业投资:双重预算软约束视角

文章以我国2000~2004年的上市公司为样本,在政府、银行和企业三方的预算软约束框架内实证检验了企业投资支出和债务杠杆之间的关系。研究发现,企业投资支出整体上同债务杠杆呈负相关。但在国有绝对控股的上市公司中,企业投资支出对于负债水平不敏感,并且,随着国有股权比例的上升,企业投资支出对债务杠杆的敏感度逐渐下降。基于此,文章认为,政府对国有企业和国有商业银行同时实施的双重预算软约束是导致国有企业投资行为扭曲和债务治理机制失效的重要原因。     

浅谈如何加强监管杜绝财务腐败

财务腐败是指一个单位因资金监管不到位出现漏洞,或单位的财务管理混乱、不规范而产生的奢侈浪费、挪用公款、贪污、国有资产流失等财务腐败行为。一个国家要保持政治稳定和经济发展,就必须认真解决腐败问题。要杜绝财务腐败的产生,就要从财务人员的自身素质建设、财务制度的建设、加强审计工作的力度等方面进行全面预防。     

Fiscal decentralization and corporate investment: empirical evidence from China

This paper examines the effect of fiscal decentralization on levels and efficiency of corporate investment. The results indicate that as the extent of local government fiscal decentralization increases, the level of new investment by firms under their jurisdiction rises. Furthermore, fiscal decentralization has an impact on corporate investment by aggravating over-investment rather than alleviating under-investment, leading to a situation whereby fiscal decentralization is negatively associated with investment efficiency at the level of the firm. Finally, the impact of fiscal decentralization on over-investment, under-investment and investment efficiency is not different between state-owned enterprises and non-state-owned enterprises, suggesting that economic leverages are the dominant government intervention measures. The findings imply that fiscal decentralization is another determinant of firm-level investment and corporate investment efficiency, which broadens the existing literature on the economic consequence of fiscal decentralization, resulting in important implications for policy-making.     

Macroeconomics and Credit Markets

The extent to which freedom should prevail continues to be a lingering question in the economic discipline. The article focuses on how freedom is conceptualized. The question addressed is whose freedoms are being served through economic self-governance. The profit seeking microeconomic objective of capitalists, as addressed by Karl Marx, must lead to structural change resulting in unemployment. But unemployment has disastrous social costs. So the promotion of freedom for capitalists comes at a high cost toward society. Thus it is argued that the concept of freedom is itself a paradox. Freedom itself must be constrained to be viable.     

经济腐败的经济学分析

经济官员拥有着特权.这种特权在市场经济条件下,可能形成“政治市场”,成为特殊商品,进而进行权钱交易.本文对经济腐败的成本收益进行了详细分析,并对经济腐败的风险成本与反经济腐败的对策进行了博弈分析.在对经济腐败决策模型和影响其风险决策的主要因素分析的基础上,提出经济腐败行为总是遵循“以最小腐败成本获取最大腐败收益”的经济学原则.因而,加大腐败者的经济腐败成本,可以减少经济腐败,从而降低经济腐败风险,并提出了加强经济腐败风险管理的对策.     

The French Communication Industry Defined and Analyzed through the Social Fabric Matrix,the Filiere Approach,and Network Analysis

This paper examines the relative impact of economic freedom, civil liberties, and political rights on growth. A system of three simultaneous equations is used to unearth the channels through which these institutional dimensions affect economic growth. These include greater efficiency and enlarged investment in physical and human capital. The sample contains 79 countries and six periods covering the years from 1976 to 2005. The results show that the three dimensions of institutional quality are important for economic growth either through a better allocation of resources or, indirectly, through the stimulation of investment in physical and human capital.     

Does economic freedom increase income inequality? Evidence from the EU countries

This paper examines the relationship between economic liberalization and income inequality in the EU using panel data for the 2000s. The empirical evidence suggests that economic freedom is strongly related to income inequality. However, not all areas of economic freedom affect income distribution similarly. Government size is robustly associated with inequality, and also when controlling for potential endogeneity in a dynamic panel data analysis. Regulation is linked to income inequality as well, whereas legal system and sound money have no significant effects on income distribution. In the case of freedom to trade internationally, the relationship differs between old (EU-15) and new (former socialist) EU countries.     

近年来我国各省区市场化进程的差异及成因

本文结合我国经济体制改革的发展现状和重点任务,创新构建了一套既能对中国市场化进行全面、客观和持续性研究,又与国内外同类代表性研究可比的市场化综合指数。本文以此为工具系统比较考察了中国各省区2000—2005年市场化多个层面的趋势特征和形成原因,为国内外官方及学术界系统了解中国加入WTO,特别是国家“十一五”以来经济自由化程度的现状提供了及时客观的实证依据。