回归基本原则， 重视方形系数

方形系数是一个影响船舶航行阻力的重要无纲量主参数。基于水动力研究及常规的船舶设计实践．方形系数应该随着弗洛德数的增大而减小．图1显示了1971～1990年问的船舶方形系数变化。可以看到．方形系数和弗洛德数均有所增加．而这与常规的船舶设计方法和准则是相矛盾的。     

Economic development and the WTO: Back to basics?

Conclusion  An effective WTO is critical for developing countries —the alternatives, bilateral and regional agreements, will give rise to trade diversion and discrimination, and most likely exclude sectors such as agriculture and policies such as antidumping. Developing countries have a strong incentive to put together an agenda that offers potential benefits to OECD countries as well as themselves. The Singapore issues are arguably not necessary to move forward on the market access agenda. There is huge scope to trade “concessions” on tariffs — both applied rates and tariff binding. The same is true for access to service markets. A refocused effort centered on market access, complemented by an emphasis on transparency predictability and reciprocity, could help realize the development promise of the Doha round. The views expressed are personal and should not be attributed to the World Bank.     

Back to basics in the marketing of place: the impact of litter upon place attitudes

Abstract

Attempts to apply marketing theory and principles to place have become a legitimate area of academic and ‘real world’ practice. However, place marketing does not typically incorporate all elements of the traditional 7 Ps, focusing far too often on just one of these – promotion. Besides this rather myopic approach, place marketing suffers from an overly strategic view of the world that ignores the meaning and lived experience of places to individuals, especially residents. The purpose of this article is twofold – first, we investigate the impact of litter on place attitudes. Litter is a common, but negative, element of place, which is intimately connected to the lived experience of a place but typically far removed from the positive promotional activity favoured by place marketing efforts and the study thereof. In this sense, the article reframes place marketing from a strategic to a micro-marketing endeavour. We found that exposing respondents to litter significantly lowers their place attitudes. Our second contribution is to demonstrate the relevance of classic marketing research approaches, such as attitudinal measures, to investigate litter and its impact on place evaluations, through quasi-experimental design (with 662 respondents). Through this, we extend the range of theory and method applied in place marketing – away from controllable promotional endeavours investigated through case-studies to a more holistic and robust interpretation of place marketing, which has a measurable impact upon the places where people live and visit.     

Back to the Future:

Changes in the nation's social climate, the proliferation of different consumer life styles, and changing the consumer needs and expectations explain a good deal about the evolution of store formats-but not all of it. Technological, economic, and competitive factors also play a role. Fortunately, marketing theory provides a number of useful analytical tools for tying these factors together, and this can lead to a better understanding of food retailing's past-as well as future.     

回到原点,不忘初心

2014年7月底8月初,内蒙古通辽市区以南百公里的科尔沁沙漠,烈日炎炎,连绵沙土间,一片片葱郁的松树林清晰可见.在数千里外的东京、上海,数十人的志愿者团队巳收拾完行李,整装待发.接下来在科尔沁沙漠的几天里,来自富士胶片东京总部工会、富士胶片（中国）投资有限公司（以下简称富士胶片（中国））的志愿者们,又一次开始了松树的种植以及剪枝、除草等工作.这是富士胶片连续17年在此开展沙漠绿化活动,一起参与的还有富士胶片在华关联公司的志愿者以及众多摄影爱好者.     

传统品牌价值的回归

Many Chinese companies are expanding rapidly-and are eyeing Europe as a market for their brands.But how to launch your brand successfully in the fragmented European market?Find out about possible strategies and the European attitude towards brands.     

让企业社会责任回到管理原点

以往,我们较多地聚焦在各种社会责任议题,如人权．劳工．环境．消费者权益．反腐败上,尽管大家都认同社会责任是一种有效的管理工具,但是对于社会贾任的管理属性仍然缺乏系统的思考,作者提出让社会责任回到管理原点,从管理实践和管理学的角度重新诠释了让社会责任作为管理实践的意义和实现的路径。作者指出,社会责任要想可持续,必须有可持续的内外部动力。只有回到管理原点,才能不断内生出推动社会责任持续发展的内外部动力。     

How to Get the Lisbon Strategy Back on Track

Halfway through the Lisbon process, achievements have in many respects fallen distinctly behind the ambitious aims set by EU heads of state and government in March 2000. What has gone wrong? What changes are required to get the process back on track? Is a Lisbon strategy, even a reformed one, really needed?     

USA-USSR: Back to detente?

Since the beginning of detente in the sixties the United States’ economic policy toward the Soviet Union has steered a zig-zag course. The latest spectacular step was President Reagan’s lift—apparently without an adequate quid pro quo—of the embargo on grain and phosphates imposed by his predecessor in response to the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Our author explains the interplay of different interests and schools of thought bearing on trade policy as an instrument for pursuing foreign policy objectives.     

十年树木成荫业绩善心双馨——天津阿克苏诺贝尔过氧化物公司回馈社会庆贺十周年

2007年6月13日,天津阿克苏诺贝尔过氧化物有限公司举行了成立十周年庆典,在庆典上公司宣布捐助10万元教育助学金,回报当地社区对公司的关     

回眸中国加入WTO

十五年来我国在复关入世过程中积累了值得反思的教训,中国开放现在和过去存在着不同的环境和条件;入世是经济全球化的要求,是中国的改革开放的必然;对中国来说入世只能是既有利又有弊,不能把日益凸现的一些问题简单的归结为入世带来的冲击;只有解放思想,树立全球化观念,在积极参与国际竞争中赢得竞争,才能真正迎接挑战。     

霓虹101 给新手的霓虹标识基础知识

从历史上来看,当在经济萧条时期或战争末期市场上充斥着“新过时“的人力资本时,人们会开始寻求新的机会。在目前的经济环境下,有些人可能会尝试标识这一行业。制作标识,尤其是霓虹灯招牌,并不是件轻松的事。然而,我却认识不少霓虹灯匠和标识制作者在这个行业中找到了宁静     

Calling for the Systematic Reinvestment of Overseas Companies Back to the Mainland

By reforming long-time problems stock-owning rights and comprehensive governance on securities companies, the Chinese government has achieved a complete overhaul of the financial system.     

Back to Start: Insolvent and Nevertheless Successful

Entrepreneur insolvency. Company insolvency and personal insolvency combined. An insight into insolvency from the point of view of the debtor.