区域企业异质性特征、节能减排与碳排放强度——基于中国省市工业企业面板数据的研究

选取中国各省市2007—2010年面板数据对工业企业异质性特征与地区碳排放强度关系进行实证研究,结果显示,工业企业的规模和技术水平对碳排放强度具有显著的抑制作用,从业人员规模对碳排放强度具有正向作用,而企业效益与碳排放强度关系不显著。进一步研究后发现,企业规模和技术水平通过降低能源排放强度、产生减排效果来降低碳排放强度;单位工业企业从业人员的减少可以降低能源消耗强度和能源排放强度,通过节能与减排双重方式降低碳排放强度;工业企业效益提高了单位资产期望经济产出,没有很好地抑制非期望碳排放产出,无法降低碳排放强度。     

中国能源消费及碳排放变化的驱动因素分析

本文在2015年和2020年中国投入产出表和部门能源消费的基础上编制能源排放投入产出表，分析期间能源消费和碳排放变化的驱动因素，得到能源结构变化、直接能耗强度变化、投入结构变化、需求结构变化和需求规模变化的影响。结果显示，以上五种因素均对能源消费和碳减排减少起到积极作用。     

山西省能源消费碳排放的影响因素分析——基于LMDI分解模型

因煤而兴的山西省同样也是碳排放大省,根据IPCC提供的能源排放系数计算出山西省能源消费碳排放总量,运用LMDI(迪式指数分解法)将山西能源消费碳排放的影响因素分为产出规模效应、产业结构效应、能源强度效应、能源结构效应和碳排放强度效应.实证结果表明,产出规模效应对山西能源消费碳排放的增加起到关键作用,能源强度效应是减少山西碳排放总量的关键因素,产业结构效应、能源结构效应对山西碳排放的增加起到一定的抑制作用.因此,山西应加快经济发展模式转变,优化产业结构,鼓励煤炭清洁利用,大力推广新能源,同时逐步推进碳排放权市场交易,用市场化的手段控制碳排放量.     

我国产业结构变动对碳排放强度影响的实证研究

通过建立模型,从横向和纵向两个角度分析了我国产业结构对碳排放强度的影响,实证结果表明：产业结构和能源消费结构对碳排放强度的变动有着较大影响;第二产业在经济结构中所占的比重高或煤炭消费占有较大比重的省区其碳排放强度较高,但通过调整和优化产业结构和能源消费结构可以有效达到降低碳排放强度的目的;第二产业对整个社会的碳排放强度的贡献率较大,其内部结构变化对碳排放强度变化有较大影响。因此,我国碳排放强度研究应该重点放在实行结构节能减排上,从调整产业结构、淘汰产能落后的行业、实施产业转移、改善能源利用结构等方面入手实现全国碳减排的目标。     

碳排放影响因素分析及减排对策

应对气候变化和控制温室气体排放,是推进生态文明建设的重要抓手,是经济社会发展的重大战略。在剖析碳排放影响因素的基础上,要从推进工业低碳化、促进城镇生态化、严格控制能源消费总量、优化能源消费结构、提高非化石能源比重、强化低碳技术创新、推进能源价格改革等方面采取对策,努力减少碳排放总量。     

城市碳排放清单评估研究及案例分析

开展温室气体清单研究对节能减排和低碳城市建设具有重要的理论和实践意义。研究以深圳市为例,通过清单方法分析主要碳排放源和碳汇,核算排放总量和强度,剖析深圳市碳排放现状和结构,根据定量结果进行空间布局显示。结果表明,深圳市地均碳排放密度处于中等水平,区域整体低碳效果较好,研究区域的土地开发强度、交通组织模式、可再生能源利用的潜力以及地理环境特征等与碳汇的规模、碳排放关联性较强。     

我国能源消费强度、结构及技术创新与碳排放——基于面板数据模型的实证分析

文章通过面板数据模型构建了我国二氧化碳排放量影响因素的模型,并收集2005年至2010年的相关数据和信息,具体分析了能源消费强度、能源消费结构和技术创新对我国二氧化碳排放总量的影响情况。结果表明,我国近年来碳排放总量增高是由于我国能源的高速消费引起的,而能源消费结构的改善和技术创新的投入可以在很大程度上降低由经济增长带来的碳排放。由此得出,降低能源消费强度、优化能源消费结构以及加大技术创新力度是降低碳排放量的必然选择。     

基于LMDI的辽宁省碳排放分解

以能源平衡表数据为基础,采用IPCC指南排放因子,运用对数均值迪氏指数分解法建立了碳排放量的影响因素分解模型,对辽宁省2006-2015年间的能源结构、产业结构、产业能源、经济增长、人口、生活能源、居民收入等七个因素的变化对碳排放的影响进行分解,并对影响因素构成和趋势进行分析。结果表明能源结构、经济增长、人口、生活能源、居民收入是促进因素,产业能源、产业结构是抑制因素。根据分析结果文章还提出了辽宁省碳减排的对策。     

基于Kaya模型的中国低碳经济策略探讨

本文利用因素分析法借助Kaya恒等式对1990年～2007年间影响我国能源消费碳排放的因子进行分析,研究发现我国经济的持续发展是高碳排放的主导因素,人口是增加CO2排放的重要因素,能源强度的降低对减排的贡献功不可没,能源结构改善对减排的效果不甚明显,并提出破除以GDP为纲的迷思,切实转变经济增长方式、积极调整产业结构,优化人口结构、宣扬低碳理念,改善能源结构及提高能源效率等策略建议。     

中部六省碳排放因素分析和趋势预测 ——基于STIRPAT和灰色GM(1,1)模型的实证研究

利用STIRPAT面板模型分析中部六省2000-2012年碳排放情况,发现:六省的碳排放量递增,碳排放强度递减,地区差异显著。人均收入水平的二次项系数显著为负,环境库兹涅茨假说成立。城镇化水平、技术水平与碳排放量、排放强度呈负相关;人口规模、能源结构与碳排放量、排放强度呈正相关。运用灰色GM(1,1)模型,预测中部六省2015年、2020年碳排放量分别达到12万吨、18万吨,碳排放强度分别降至6.7吨/万元、4.7吨/万元。最后提出了节能减排的措施。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

Ansätze und Ergebnisse anglo-amerikanischer M&A-Forschung

Based on a review of established U.S. management journals (1995–2003), six schools of thought are identified within the Anglo-American M&;A research: “Capital Market”, “Principal/Agent”, “Industrial Organization”, “Organizational Behavior”, “Human Resources” and “Strategic Management”. The literature review shows that the definition of M&;A success, the methods applied, and insights from empirical research differ according to the respective school of thought. Empirical studies focus on the resource combinations of merger partners, the specific circumstances of merger negotiations, and on integration management as antecedents of merger performance. Unfortunately, empirical findings have not yet provided reliable explanations for M&;A success. Based on the current state of Anglo-American M&;A research, the authors discuss implications for business practice, identify research gaps, and propose areas for future research.     

Introduction of New Technology with a Sound Transition of the Input-Output Structure

We examine the general equilibrium repercussions associated with the introduction of new technologies, using the generalized Leontief system that allows technological substitutions. We show that an untested introduction of cost-increasing technologies in any industry may result in creating a non-productive technological structure that does not satisfy the Hawkins-Simon condition, following the autonomous dynamic adjustment process with structural transitions in the economic system. Therefore, we propose a practicable control scheme of introducing cost-increasing technologies that strictly avoids the creation of non-productive structures in all periods of structural transition, using the available information on the ex ante technological structure.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。