服务业发展与宏观经济波动理论分析与实证检验

服务业发展与宏观经济波动关系密切,目前,对服务业发展能否缓和宏观经济波动还存在较大的理论分歧在定性分析前提下,采用1978-2008年中国的宏观经济和产业发展时间序列资料,用HP滤波法分析了服务业发展与宏观经济波动的关系,结果表明,中国服务业的增长波动性大于国民经济的波动性,服务业的相对波动性是国民经济的1.2258倍即服务业比重的提高,不仅不利于中国经济稳定,相反会加剧经济波动.     

对韩国股市波动性与宏观经济变量之间关系的实证分析

股市波动性和宏观经济变量之间的关系至今未有定论,本文以GARCH模型和VAR模型来建模,对股市波动性与宏观经济变量变动性之间的关系做出实证分析,结果表明,股市自身历史波动性对于股市当期波动性的解释能力最高,而宏观经济变量的影响很微弱。     

公允价值会计的顺周期效应及其应对策略研究

在全球经济危机的环境中,公允价值会计的顺周期效应成为广泛关注、首要解决的问题,从经济学的角度出发考虑问题,顺周期效应是经济波动与经济数量关系所出现的专业术语,从宏观经济角度考虑问题除了会体现经济数量与波动关系之外,在一定程度上还反映出经济周期波动的情况.下文就研究公允价值会计的顺周期效应情况,提出几点应对策略,旨在为解...     

金融发展、外生冲击与经济波动——基于我国省级面板数据的研究

文章运用我国28个省市1978-2009年面板数据,通过检验金融发展与人均实际GDP波动性和人均固定资产投资波动性的关系,发现我国金融系统市场化进程的不断推进和金融系统本身的逐步完善较大程度上抵消了外生波动对我国人均实际GDP波动性和人均实际固定资产投资波动性的影响,从而有效地降低了我国经济对外生冲击的敏感性。另外,研究中还发现,金融体系效率提升比金融体系规模扩张能更有效地缓解外生冲击对我国经济波动的影响。     

中国经济周期波动性以及成因分析

经济周期波动在经济发展过程中是一个不可避免的问题,然而在中国,经济周期波动的主要原因可能来自于投资、出口、需求的波动。通过选取1985-2008年度数据,运用H-P滤波技术分解得到各个变量的波动性成分,并分析波动性成分的标准差及其之间的时差相关系数以及建立它们之间的长期协整回归方程,得出结论：短期内当期、后期以及前期波动性对国民生产总值的波动性产生顺周期或反周期作用,长期内国民生产总值波动对居民消费波动反应不敏感,国民经济的平稳性发展需要依靠内需规模的扩大。     

基于小型开放经济RBC模型的中国经济波动模拟分析

以随机动态一般均衡模型作为基本分析框架,建立一个具有投资组合调整成本的小型开放经济实际经济周期(RBC)模型,在模型参数校准的基础上分析模型对中国经济波动典型化事实的模拟能力和方差分解效应,结果表明:小型开放经济RBC模型平均可以模拟大约80%以上的中国经济波动;技术冲击是造成中国产出和就业波动的主要因素。     

产业结构升级对中国经济波动的影响——基于三部门新凯恩斯模型的分析

宏观经济由不同产业构成,其整体波动是不同产业波动的综合效果,蕴含了不同产业自身的波动以及它们之间相互作用的复杂机制。文章在考虑中国产业结构升级实际状况的基础上构建了三部门的新凯恩斯模型,分析了产业结构升级熨平经济波动的四种具体机制：粘性价格机制、部门需求转化机制、厂商价格策略互补机制和产业相对规模变动机制。通过数值模拟研究发现：考虑产业结构的三部门新凯恩斯模型明显优于单部门模型,能够较好地再现中国产业波动性大于总产出波动性的特征事实,文章模拟结果表明产业结构升级能够降低宏观经济波动20%左右。文章的研究结论意味着,政府要实现宏观经济的平稳运行应注重推动产业结构升级。     

股市价格波动特征及长期影响因素分析——基于ARCH类模型和VAR模型的实证研究

本文选取上证综合指数为中国股指的代表,利用ARCH类模型深入剖析了股市价格的特征,通过多角度对比,最后选出度量股市价格波动性较为科学的指标,并采用向量自回归模型(VAR)模拟了主要宏观经济变量波动(工业总产值的波动、货币供应量的波动以及居民消费价格指数的波动)对证券市场波动性的影响。     

服务业就业对我国总就业波动影响的实证分析

近年来,随着服务业增加值比重和就业比重较大幅度的提高,我国宏观经济和总就业增长波动出现波动幅度变小的趋势.通过利用1978-2008年中国的宏观经济和产业发展时间序列资料,采用HP滤波法分析了服务业就业对总就业波动的影响.结果表明,中国服务业就业波动性大于国民经济总就业波动性,服务业就业的相对波动性是国民经济总就业的1...     

我国食品行业波动特征与周期划分

根据增长型经济波动定义,本文利用基于增长率变化的时间序列数据,描述了我国食品行业结构、价格、固定资产净值、产值、增加值、利润等指标的波动变化过程,发现我国食品行业不仅存在波动,而且波动的频率和波动幅度都要明显于我国GDP的波动。通过H-P滤波法对食品行业产出进行趋势成分和波动成分的分解,结果表明我国食品行业从1980-2009年出现过8个波动周期,且外部冲击因素增加,波动幅度加强。     

Persistence of volatility in futures markets

This article examines the characteristics of key measures of volatility for different types of futures contracts to provide a better foundation for modeling volatility behavior and derivative values. Particular attention is focused on analyzing how different measures of volatility affect volatility persistence relationships. Intraday realized measures of volatility are found to be more persistent than daily measures, the type of GARCH procedure used for conditional volatility analysis is critical, and realized volatility persistence is not coherent with conditional volatility persistence. Specifically, although there is a good fit between the realized and conditional volatilities, no coherence exists between their degrees of persistence, a counterintuitive finding that shows realized and conditional volatility measures are not a substitute for one another. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 26:571–594, 2006     

Persistent real exchange rates

Three well known facts that characterize exchange rate data are: (a) the high correlation between bilateral nominal and real exchange rates; (b) the high degree of persistence in real exchange rate movements; and (c) the high volatility of real exchange rates. This paper attempts a joint, albeit partial, rationalization of these facts in an environment with no staggered contracts and where prices are preset for only one quarter. There are two key innovations in the paper. First, we augment a standard two-country open economy model with learning-by-doing in production at the firm level. This induces monopolistically competitive firms to endogeneize the productivity effect of their price setting behavior. Specifically, firms endogenously choose not to adjust prices by the full proportion of a positive monetary shock in order to take advantage of the productivity benefits of higher production. Second, we introduce habits in leisure. This makes the labor supply decision dynamic and adds an additional source of propagation. We show that the calibrated model can quantitatively reproduce significant fractions of the aforementioned facts. Moreover, as in the data, the model also produces a positive correlation between the terms of trade and the nominal exchange rate.     

Volatility spillover and hedging effectiveness among China and emerging Asian Islamic equity indexes

We study the volatility spillover between China and Asian Islamic stock markets. We use a sample of six Islamic MSCI indices from the Asian region, namely China, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Korea and Thailand obtained from MSCI (Morgan Stanley Capital International). In this paper we analyze the importance of considering spillover effects between emerging Asian Islamic indexes based on the Bivariate VARMA-BEKK-AGARCH model of McAleer et al. (2009), which includes spillover and asymmetric effects. We compute after the effectiveness of portfolio diversification based on the conditional volatility of returns series. Results show a significant positive and negative return spillover from China to selected Asian Islamic stock market and bidirectional volatility spillovers between China, Korea and Thailand Islamic market showing evidence of short-term predictability on Islamic Chinese stock market movements. However there is no short term volatility persistence in India, Indonesia and Malaysia. GARCH results show no persistence in volatility spillover effect in long term from Chinese to Indian, Indonesian and Korean Islamic stock market. Our findings are beneficial for international portfolio diversification for policy makers and investors since the results of portfolio management and hedging effectiveness ratio are different to previous studies.     

Do emerging markets become more efficient as they develop? Long memory persistence in equity indices

It seems reasonable to expect financial market efficiency to be related to the economic development level. We study a 16 year sample, covering 22 countries. The Hurst–Mandelbrot–Wallis rescaled range is our efficiency measure, which we apply to returns and volatility. We find strong evidence of long memory persistence in volatility over time, which is unsurprising. However, unlike previous researchers, we could not find evidence of rescaled ranges trending down over time. However, we introduce an alternative measure of economic development, namely, whether FTSE (2011) classify an emerging market as ‘advanced’ or ‘secondary’. This measure shows greater efficiency in returns and volatility for ‘advanced’ emerging markets.     

Intraday Volatility in Interest‐Rate and Foreign‐Exchange Markets: ARCH,Announcement, and Seasonality Effects

We explore the determinants of intraday volatility in interest‐rate and foreign‐exchange markets, focusing on the importance and interaction of three types of information in predicting intraday volatility: (a) knowledge of recent past volatilities (i.e., ARCH or Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity effects); (b) prior knowledge of when major scheduled macroeconomic announcements, such as the employment report or Producer Price Index, will be released; and (c) knowledge of seasonality patterns. We find that all three information sets have significant incremental predictive power, but macroeconomic announcements are the most important determinants of periods of very high intraday volatility (particularly in the interest‐rate markets). We show that because the three information sets are not independent, it is necessary to simultaneously consider all three to accurately measure intraday volatility patterns. For instance, we find that most of the previously documented time‐of‐day and day‐of‐the‐week volatility patterns in these markets are due to the tendency for macroeconomic announcements to occur on particular days and at particular times. Indeed, the familiar U‐shape completely disappears in the foreign‐exchange market. We also find that estimates of ARCH effects are considerably altered when we account for announcement effects and return periodicity; specifically, estimates of volatility persistence are sharply reduced. Separately, our results show that high volatility persists longer after shocks due to unscheduled announcements than after equivalent shocks due to scheduled announcements, indicating that market participants digest information much more quickly if they are prepared to receive it. However, contrary to results from equity markets, we find no evidence of a meaningful difference in volatility persistence after positive or negative price shocks. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 21: 517–552, 2001     

Market Reforms and Commodity Price Volatility: The Case of East African Coffee Market

The goal of this paper is to examine the impact of commodity market reforms on producer price volatility using evidence from the East African coffee market. The results, based on time‐varying volatility models and key summary statistics, show that coffee market reforms in the East African Community (EAC) are associated with changes in producer price volatility and volatility persistence at both country and regional levels. However, reforms were not the only cause of changes in price volatility. The study further shows that reforms had different effects on prices volatilities of Arabica and Robusta varieties of coffee grown in individual EAC countries. These findings have wider implication for commodity market reforms and producer price stabilisation policies in the EAC and coffee producing countries in sub‐Sahara Africa.     

A regularity structure for rough volatility

A new paradigm has emerged recently in financial modeling: rough (stochastic) volatility. First observed by Gatheral et al. in high‐frequency data, subsequently derived within market microstructure models, rough volatility captures parsimoniously key‐stylized facts of the entire implied volatility surface, including extreme skews (as observed earlier by Alòs et al.) that were thought to be outside the scope of stochastic volatility models. On the mathematical side, Markovianity and, partially, semimartingality are lost. In this paper, we show that Hairer's regularity structures, a major extension of rough path theory, which caused a revolution in the field of stochastic partial differential equations, also provide a new and powerful tool to analyze rough volatility models.     

Less of a puzzle: a new look at the forward forex market

The two-country monetary model is extended to include a consumption externality with habit persistence. The model is simulated using the artificial economy methodology. The ‘puzzles’ in the forward market are re-examined. The model is able to account for: (a) the low volatility of the forward discount; (b) the higher volatility of expected forward speculative profit; (c) the even higher volatility of the spot return; (d) the persistence in the forward discount; (e) the martingale behavior of spot exchange rates; and (f) the negative covariance between the expected spot return and expected forward speculative profit. It is unable to account for the forward market bias because the volatility of the expected spot return is too large relative to the volatility of the expected forward speculative profit.     

Market microstructure effects on volatility at the TAIFEX

This study examines whether changes in the frequency of market clearing or changes in trading hours on competing exchanges that use different auction systems affect the volatility of futures prices. In particular, this study exploits a natural experiment in the frequency of market clearing of stock index futures contracts traded on the Taiwan Futures Exchange (TAIFEX) to assess whether successive increases in the frequency of market clearing are associated with changes in the volatility of futures prices. The impact of changes in the trading hours on the TAIFEX and on the competing Singapore Exchange (SGX) where a similar Taiwanese stock index futures contract trades under a continuous auction market regime is also examined. The evidence for the impact of an increase in the frequency of market clearing on volatility is mixed. However, the introduction of simultaneous opening times for the TAIFEX (which batches orders at the open) and the SGX (which does not) is associated with a significant reduction in the volatility in SGX Taiwanese stock index futures prices. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 27:1219–1243, 2007     

国际油价与人民币汇率的非对称溢出效应研究--基于VEC-BEKK-GARCH模型

石油作为重要的战略能源,其价格波动对全球经济的运行和发展会产生极大的影响。为测算国际油价与人民币汇率的均衡关系及非对称溢出效应,选取2008年1月~2019年7月的每日数据,在平稳性检验的基础上,综合运用协整检验和脉冲响应函数等方式,对二者的均值溢出效应进行测量;在VECBEKK-GARCH模型的支撑下,对其非对称波动溢出效应水平进行测算。研究结果表明:国际油价与人民币汇率的协整关系和均值溢出效应处于长期均衡状态;二者的非对称波动溢出效应是双向的,国际油价会随人民币汇率的变化呈现出时变性和持续性特征,而国际油价变动具备持续性特征时,人民币汇率随之产生变化。这种非对称波动溢出效应表明,无论国际油价如何变化,对人民币汇率的冲击都是非对称的。