The R&D system for industrial development in Taiwan

The research and development (R&D) system for industrial development in Taiwan is made up of three parts: industrial firms, government-supported institutes (GSIs), and academic institutes and universities. The Taiwanese experience showed that the effective interaction of the GSIs and the industrial firms has successfully supported the development of its industry. The Industrial Technology Research Institute (ITRI) played the key role in industrial development during recent decades. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of ITRI and the way in which it fulfills its role through an examination of its major tasks. The implications for developing countries are also discussed.     

科技统计与技术创新管理研究

科技统计是对科技活动进行统计的重要工具。技术创新管理则是对技术创新做出决策、制定计划,通过组织、控制,最终实现技术创新目标的全过程动态的管理。科技统计是技术创新管理的基础,技术创新管理是科技统计的应用。从技术创新管理的角度对科技统计指标体系进行分析和补充,进一步丰富和完善科技统计的指标体系。将科技投入、技术获取、中间过程、科技产出和创新环境作为二级指标,并进一步分析影响二级指标的各个因素,得出了三级指标和四级指标,从而构成了基于技术创新管理的科技统计指标体系。科技统计评价将科技指标较好的应用于技术管理创新和决策中,为技术管理创新提供有效的参考依据。科技统计为合理地制定出各种技术创新管理的规划,把有限的科技资源在各类技术管理创新活动中进行合理的分配,评价技术创新管理的实施效果,提供了有效的支撑。科技统计是技术创新管理实现的手段。     

中国沿海地区高新技术产业发展的若干问题

近10多年来，高新技术产业的崛起成为沿海地区经济增长的新亮点，文章分析了中国沿海地区高新技术产业发展的特点，指出目前制约沿海地区高新技术产业发展的主要问题，阐述了建设布局与区域分布特征，提出沿海地区高技术产业的发展战略、途径及对策建议，为有关部门提供决策参考。     

面向科技智库的科技创新政策监测体系构建研究

科技创新政策研究是科技智库的核心职责之一，科技创新政策监测是开展科技创新政策研究的基本工具和手段，但目前针对科技创新政策监测体系的系统研究却不多。针对科技创新政策研究需求，创新性地以科技创新政策监测体系为研究对象，系统分析科技创新政策监测对象的范畴、科技创新政策监测的主要方法、科技创新政策智能监测的系统功能、科技创新政策监测的产品设计，可为相关科技智库机构开展科技创新政策研究提供一套具备操作性的研究模式，为后续科技创新政策监测研究提供有益借鉴。     

面向科技智库的科技创新政策监测体系构建研究

科技创新政策研究是科技智库的核心职责之一，科技创新政策监测是开展科技创新政策研究的基本工具和手段，但目前针对科技创新政策监测体系的系统研究却不多。针对科技创新政策研究需求，创新性地以科技创新政策监测体系为研究对象，系统分析科技创新政策监测对象的范畴、科技创新政策监测的主要方法、科技创新政策智能监测的系统功能、科技创新政策监测的产品设计，可为相关科技智库机构开展科技创新政策研究提供一套具备操作性的研究模式，为后续科技创新政策监测研究提供有益借鉴。     

关于华中地区民营中小企业技术创新现状的一种经济学解释

技术创新对一个企业发展的重要性不言而喻,然而华中地区民营中小企业的技术创新状况却不容乐观,试图引入哈维·莱宾斯坦的X效率理论中的惯性区域对这一现状进行经济学分析,并提出可供选择的建议。     

Assessing the technology contribution to value added

Technology and knowledge are two key components for economic growth; however, the two concepts are not consensually defined. This paper proposes a model to assess and quantify the technology contribution to the value-adding process. The methodological approach implied building an operational concept for technology that is independent of the concepts of knowledge and capital. As such, technology could be interpreted and quantified as an input parameter in a new production model. This model interprets and assesses, separately, the value contributions of the uses of technology, of knowledge and of capital in a production process, defining the Technology Index for that process. The model is applied to manufacturing sectors of seven European countries, quantifying their respective dependences on technology. A comparison of the Technology Index proposed here is made with the OECD's Technology Intensity factor, arguing that the former reflects the technology dependence better that the latter. Accordingly, a criterion for classifying the economic sectors' dependence on technology is proposed. A main contribution from this study is an objective classification criterion for technology dependence of firms and economic sectors. It also provides an easy benchmark procedure for knowledge and capital dependence between firms and sectors.     

政府在构建物流枢纽中的职能要点

本文分析了政府在发展科技园，工业园工作中的几个关键点，指出政府在构建物流中心过程中应积极推动，促进并支持物流中心的构建：对政府和市场两种手段的管理方式进行了探讨，旨在对政府管理模式提供参考，并为带动物流市场的发展，构建物流枢纽，对城市发展及区域发展提供理论指导。     

Forecasting the Technology Revolution: Results and learnings from the TechCast Project

This research report presents latest results on the TechCast Project, first reported in Technology Forecasting & Social Change 14 years ago [1]. TechCast is an online Delphi system that pools background trends and the judgment of experts around the world to forecast breakthroughs in all fields. Results are presented for strategic technological advances that are likely to enter the mainstream and their expected impacts, providing an overview of the Technology Revolution. Aggregating the forecast data then provides macro-forecasts of broad timetables for economic and social change. This analysis suggests that the global economy is likely to enter a new economic upcycle about 2015 and reach an advanced stage of development about 2020. We also examine examples of how organizations develop technology strategy to compete in an era of economic transformation, and conclude by analyzing the role of forecasting as one of many methods for reducing uncertainty.     

A general equilibrium model of production with a random marginal rate of substitution

This paper examines the qualitative effects of risk aversion in a two-sector general equilibrium model where uncertainty is due to random production in one of the sectors. Technology is more general than used previously and provides for a random marginal rate of substitution. Also, the possibility that risk is decreasing in factor usage is considered. Results show that earlier qualitative conclusions on the effects of changing risk may be reversed under these cases.     

科技与金融结合实证分析——基于成都实践的思考

科技金融是实现科技与经济结合的重要手段,是培育战略型新兴产业的重要举措。文章以成都市为例,运用授权专利指标首先分析了金融与科技结合对科技创新能力的提升作用。其次运用混合横截面数据建立了实证模型。实证结果表明,科技与金融的结合能使专利的平均增长率达到40.43%,对经济增长的促进作用十分显著。通过进一步分析发现科技与金融结合中存在的主要问题是：结合模式单一与资金来源渠道狭窄;缺少融资引导机制导致投资风险高;政府的公共职能使得政府资金的引导作用有限。最后,提出了相应的对策建议,这一研究结果为科技金融分析提供了一定的借鉴意义。     

整合科技资源,促进地方科技发展

科技资源是地方科技发展的“粮草”,资源缺乏严重阻碍地方科技快速发展。本文分析了地方科技资源的紧缺现状,探讨了科技资源整合的模式,并提出了从发挥地方科技管理部门的引导作用、搭建科技平台、建设科技中介、加强科技合作等方面整合科技资源,以促进地方科技快速发展。     

Technology Spillovers between Sectorsand over Time

Technology spillovers are an important source of economic growth. This article presents a new method to measure technology spillovers at the macroeconomic or sectoral level by means of a so-called technology flow matrix. The main novelty relative to existing technology flow matrices is that the matrix in this article provides insight into the time dimension of the spillover process. The matrix is used to assess whether or not R&D spillovers lead to a more equal distribution of technology investment over sectors.     

Effects of Technology Absorptive Capacity and Technology Proactivity on Organizational Learning, Innovation and Performance: An Empirical Examination

Technology is crucial for organizations in the knowledge society, but little empirical research has been conducted on technology absorptive capacity and technology proactivity. Based on existing theoretical studies, this article formulates a global model to analyse how technology absorptive capacity and technology proactivity influence organizational learning and organizational innovation, and how these dynamics capabilities affect organizational performance. The model also shows how organizational learning affects organizational innovation. The hypotheses are tested using data from 246 Spanish technological firms. The paper discusses the findings and provides several implications for future research. The findings are important for management practice, especially for firms where technology is the main strategic element.     

Effects of Technology Absorptive Capacity and Technology Proactivity on Organizational Learning,Innovation and Performance: An Empirical Examination

Technology is crucial for organizations in the knowledge society, but little empirical research has been conducted on technology absorptive capacity and technology proactivity. Based on existing theoretical studies, this article formulates a global model to analyse how technology absorptive capacity and technology proactivity influence organizational learning and organizational innovation, and how these dynamics capabilities affect organizational performance. The model also shows how organizational learning affects organizational innovation. The hypotheses are tested using data from 246 Spanish technological firms. The paper discusses the findings and provides several implications for future research. The findings are important for management practice, especially for firms where technology is the main strategic element.     

农业科技及其投入特征探析

文章基于经济学理论分析了农业科技与农业科技投入的特征,指出农业科技具有弱质性和公共性,要使农业与国民经济其他部门的发展相协调,农业科技投入要保持适当的强度;提出基于农业科技与农业科技投入的特征,政府应当成为科技投入的主体,承担农业科技发展的责任和义务,弥补农业科技领域的市场失灵;最后,根据1990-2008年间我国农业科技投入数据,分析了我国农业科技投入强度,指出我国农业科技投入存在农业科技财政投入缺乏稳定机制、政府农业科技财政投入强度不足等问题,提出要加快我国农业科技进步,各级政府必须牢固树立"科教兴农"战略思想、明确政府在农业科技进步中的作用与地位、建立稳定的农业科技财政投入机制等对策建议。     

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Singapore’s economic growth

Singapore’s remarkable success in economic development has been strongly associated with the country’s vigorous efforts to embrace the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) revolution to promote economic growth. This study provides a comprehensive investigation of the contributions of ICT to Singapore’s economic growth during the 1990–2008 period. It documents three key findings. First, there is a strong positive association between the intensity of ICT use and value-added and labor productivity growth at the sector level. Second, ICT investment contributed approximately 1 percentage point to Singapore’s GDP during 1990–2008, and its role in driving economic growth has become increasingly important over time. Third, the contribution of the ICT manufacturing sector to Singapore’s growth was notable, but it was on the decline and faced difficult restructuring challenges. This paper also provides valuable policy lessons and strategic insights for governments in both developed and developing countries that aspire to embrace ICT to promote economic growth.     

韩国技术报告评述韩中美欧日技术实力与差距

韩国政府近期发布的《2012年度技术水平评价报告》,以问卷调查、专家评述等方式,对韩国战略技术领域的120项具体技术与中国、美国、欧洲、日本的技术水平及其技术差距进行了比较和评价。该报告通过直观数值显示出各国的优势领域、技术水平及综合科技竞争力等方面的现状,为韩国政府制定中长期科技发展规划和实行科技决策提供重要数据支撑。韩国政府在制定科技政策之前组织实施评估调查的方法,值得我国借鉴。     

美国网络信息技术发展面临的挑战(下)——优先发展领域

在<面临挑战的领导地位>[1]报告中,美国总统科技顾问委员会[2]简称PCAST提出,为确保美国网络信息技术简称NIT领域的领导地位,联邦必须重点资助以下八大领域:与物质世界相关的NTT系统;软件;数据、数据储存和数据流;网络;高端计算;网络安全与信息可信;人机交互;NIT与社会科学.本文详细介绍了这八大领域,阐述了美国顾问委员会提出的联邦政府应优先支持的技术项目及政策建议.     

河北农业科技园区建设现状与可持续发展研究

河北农业科技园发展到今天,已经颇具规模。然而,管理运行机制中出现的一些问题成为河北农业科技园发展的瓶颈。本文通过分析河北农业科技园管理运行机制中存在的问题,提出必须要采取现代化的经营管理措施,推追其可持续性发展。