酒店员工分配公正感知与离职意愿关系的研究——以三亚市为例

组织公正包括分配公正、程序公正和互动公正三个维度。其中,分配公正是一种结果公正,指的是组织成员对所获报酬相对公平性的感受,它对组织成员的态度、行为具有重要影响。本文以中国著名国际旅游城市三亚市为例,以酒店员工为样本,对酒店员工分配公正感知高低与其离职意愿之间的关系进行了实证调查研究,以期为中国酒店业和旅游业的健康发展提供相应的参考建议。     

基于社会交换的组织公正与心理契约违背关系研究

通过对中国文化背景下,组织公正、社会交换关系变量与员工心理契约违背间的关系研究,运用结构方程建模技术对35家企业410位员工的调查数据进行检验。结果表明：组织公正和领导－部属交换关系问卷具有良好的构思效度;组织支持感和领导－部属交换关系对组织公正各维度均有显著的预测作用;程序公正、互动公正是心理契约违背感的有效预测指标,对组织支持感与心理契约违背间的关系具有部分中介作用,组织支持感还会对心理契约违背产生直接影响;领导－部属交换关系完全通过组织公正的中介作用对员工心理契约违背感产生影响。因此,文章在检验中国文化背景下组织公正维度结构的基础上,拓展了组织公正、社会交换关系变量与员工心理反应的关系研究。     

企业组织公平氛围与离职意愿关系研究

在社会经济转型升级的背景下,企业经营压力增大,如何降低离职意愿成为企业与员工共同面对的重要问题。现有研究主要从个体层面分析员工离职因素的产生原因,从群体层面探究组织公平氛围与员工离职的研究相对较少。因此,对组织公平氛围、组织承诺与离职意愿之间的直接关系以及组织承诺在组织公平氛围与离职意愿中的中介效应展开研究,同时考察前瞻性人格的调节效应。结果表明：组织承诺分别在分配公平氛围、程序公平氛围、互动公平氛围与离职意愿之间起到中介作用;前瞻性人格对分配公平氛围与离职意愿之间的负向关系有着显著的削弱作用;前瞻性人格在程序公平氛围、互动公平氛围、组织承诺与离职意愿的影响关系之间没有发挥中介作用。     

中国情境下的组织政治知觉、心理安全与员工犬儒主义:一个理论框架

作为一种负面的心理倾向,员工犬儒主义对组织绩效产生了消极的影响。本文在文献分析的基础上探讨了组织政治知觉、心理安全与员工犬儒主义之间的作用机制,研究表明:组织政治知觉的提升引发员工犬儒主义的产生;高度的组织政治知觉引发心理安全感的下降,心理安全感的降低则进一步导致员工犬儒主义的盛行;心理安全在组织政治知觉与员工犬儒主义之间起中介作用;心理安全感降低与犬儒主义产生都将降低组织绩效。     

公平理论视野下的高校劳务派遣员工福利需求分析

随着用工制度改革的推进,劳务派遣作为一个从西方兴起的用工模式被引入中国。实行劳务派遣不仅为政府解决就业问题搭建了新的平台,同时也进一步深化了高等院校的用人机制和人事制度改革。但因劳务派遣工不属于高校的正式员工,在福利待遇方面经常被排除在外。加之成本控制,导致目前劳务派遣"同工不同酬"愈演愈烈。本文基于公平理论的分配公正、程序公正和互动公正三个维度来探讨高校派遣员工的福利需求,并在此基础上为人力资源管理和良好的劳动关系提出合理化建议。     

员工正念能提升工作绩效吗?——组织认同的调节作用北大核心CSSCI

正念在西方管理学、组织行为领域中早已引起学者的关注和重视,但缺乏中国文化情景下国内企业管理中正念作用的研究。在对国内20家企业369份调查问卷进行建模分析与检验后发现,在工作场所中,员工正念对角色内绩效具有积极影响;员工幸福感在员工正念与员工角色内绩效之间具有中介作用;组织认同对员工正念与员工幸福感之间的关系具有积极的调节作用。我国企业应重视员工正念训练,强化员工的正念思维;及时追踪了解员工的幸福感程度,通过提升员工幸福感促进其工作绩效提升;多渠道强化与提高员工的组织认同感,尊重员工的个性化特征与需求,增强员工的存在感与满足感,保障员工工作效率与质量的提升。     

绩效考核公平感对基层员工工作绩效的影响研究

基于公平理论和绩效管理理论,探究绩效考核公平感的不同构面对基层员工工作绩效的影响效果。绩效考核公平感包括分配公平、程序公平、信息公平和人际公平;工作绩效包括任务绩效和关系绩效。通过调查问卷获得数据,利用AMOS24.0验证结构方程模型,并得出结论:分配公平、程序公平、人际公平和信息公平均对基层员工的工作绩效有正向影响。     

组织承诺与员工绩效的实证研究

本文运用组织承诺结构的五因素模型,对组织承诺与员工绩效进行了调查研究,定量描述了他们之间的关系,从组织承诺的角度,提出了改进员工绩效的对策。     

基于工作态度的组织支持感与组织公平对组织公民行为的影响研究

本文采用我国中小企业员工样本,运用相关分析和回归分析方法研究组织支持感与公平感对组织公民行为影响的作用机制,即组织支持与公平感是否会通过员工工作态度的中介作用对组织公民行为产生影响。结果表明:员工的组织支持感和公平感均对情感承诺、工作满意度和组织公民行为有显著影响;情感承诺对组织支持感、组织公平分别与组织公民行为间的关系起到部分中介作用;但工作满意度仅对互动公平与组织公民行为间的关系起到部分中介作用;而其余的中介效应检验中,工作满意度仅对组织支持感、分配公平、程序公平分别与指向个体的组织公民行为起到部分中介作用。     

真实型领导与员工工作幸福感的关系

员工工作幸福感是积极心理学领域的前沿研究,被证实与员工绩效具有显著的正向关系,越来越受到管理者的重视。本文探究了真实型领导与员工工作幸福感的关系,并引入组织认同这一概念,提出了以组织认同为中介的员工工作幸福感模型。     

基于领导—成员交换视角的组织公平与组织认同关系研究

目前,组织认同已经被越来越多的学者和企业家所关注.然而,对于其形成机制的研究还有待进一步的扩展.文章选取组织公平这一角度来研究组织认同形成的机理.检验了在中国情境下组织支持感在组织公平与组织认同关系中的中介作用,尤其重点探讨了公平感与组织认同关系链中领导-成员交换的调节效应和直接效应.文章以北京市6家企业的294名员工作为样本收集数据,进行统计检验.研究结果发现:组织公平促进员工组织支持感的形成,进而培育起员工的组织认同;领导-成员交换质量高时,组织公平更容易形成组织认同;领导-成员交换质量的改善会直接促进组织认同的形成.最后,讨论了文章研究的理论意义和对当前管理实践的启示和建议.     

The effect of organizational justice, perceived organizational support, and perceived supervisor support on marketing employees' level of trust

For more than four decades, research has investigated the relationship between perceptions of organizational justice and employees' work attitudes. This study used two data sets to examine how perceptions of organizational justice influence marketing employees' perceived support and trust. Specifically, this study examines the role of perceived support as a mediator between organizational justice and trust. The results indicate that in Study 1 perceived organizational support (POS) serves as a mediator between procedural justice and organizational trust. Interactional justice is both a direct and indirect predictor of supervisory trust through perceived supervisor support (PSS). Distributive justice is related indirectly to organizational trust through PSS and directly to organizational trust. In contrast to the results in Study 1, distributive justice is an antecedent to both POS and PSS while procedural justice is related directly to organizational trust.     

Job Satisfaction: Linking Perceived Organizational Support,Organizational Justice with Work Outcomes in China

This study develops and tests a full mediation model that examines the mediating role of job satisfaction in the Chinese context, based on a survey of 424 employees in three small and medium sized enterprises. Data analysis shows a good fit with the full mediation and all four classes of antecedents (i.e., perceived organizational support, procedural, distributive, and interactional justice). Particularly, procedural justice contributes to the prediction of satisfaction. Job satisfaction is also shown to mediate most antecedentconsequence relationships, except the two between perceived organizational support (POS)—turnover and procedural justice—consequences. Furthermore, there are only four direct links, including POS to citizenship behaviors directed at individuals, distributive justice to turnover intention, interactional justice to citizenship behaviors directed at organizations and turnover. These direct links suggest that job satisfaction does not fully mediate the relationships.     

变革型领导对企业员工组织信任影响的实证研究

文章以湖南省十家大中型企业251名员工为研究对象,构建了一个包括变革型领导、组织公平、组织政治知觉和组织信任在内的概念模型,运用结构方程建模方法,探讨变革型领导对员工组织信任的影响机制。研究结果表明,变革型领导不仅对员工组织信任具有直接显著的正面影响,而且还通过组织公平、组织政治知觉对员工组织信任产生间接的显著影响,组织公平和组织政治知觉是变革型领导影响企业员工组织信任的中介变量。文章的研究结论对我国企业的人力资源管理具有直接的现实意义。     

Perceived market/government influences, politics and justice in Chinese organizations

Although government intervention in economies has been widely debated lately, the extent to which government and market affect employees’ perceptions about their organization remains inadequately discussed. We took the initial steps to create measures of perceived government influence and perceived market influence, and examined how they might be associated with organizational politics and justice in Chinese organizations. Using structural equation modeling, we found that perceived market influence and perceived government influence had opposing impacts on organizational justice mediated by perceived organizational politics. Additionally, results indicated that firm type (state-owned vs. private) did not affect organizational politics, nor did it moderate the relationships between perceived market/government influences and perceived organizational politics.     

Impact of organizational justice on customer satisfaction in the hospitality industry of Pakistan: The moderating role of uncertainty avoidance

This study investigates the impact of distributive justice, procedural justice, interactional justice, and informational justice on customer satisfaction in the hospitality industry of Pakistan, also the study investigates the moderating role of uncertainty avoidance on all relationships. Data were collected from 309 consumers from all provinces of Pakistan. A significant positive impact of dimensions of organizational justice on customer satisfaction is found; however, contrary to expectations, no moderating role of uncertainty avoidance is proved for any of the relationships. At the end of the article, the results of the study are discussed. This study shows potential implications for service providers.     

Hypocrisies of Fairness: Towards a More Reflexive Ethical Base in Organizational Justice Research and Practice

Despite becoming one of the most active research areas in organizational behavior, the field of organizational justice has stayed at a safe distance from moral questions of values, as well as from critical questions regarding the implications of fairness considerations on the status quo of power relations in today’s organizations. We argue that both organizational justice research and the managerial practices it informs lack reflexivity. This manifests itself in two possible hypocrisies of fairness. Managers may apply organizational justice knowledge but fail to increase the actual levels of fairness in employment relations. Researchers, on the other hand, may claim to promote fairness through their work while actually providing managers with tools that enable or even encourage them to feed the hypocrisy of fairness identified above. As␣part of our argument, we identify three types of mechanisms managers may use to influence and manage the formation of fairness perceptions. We consider how the exercise of power is related to the potential application of organizational justice knowledge across individual, interpersonal and social levels. Our approach makes power dynamics and moral implications salient, and questions the purely subjectivist view of justice researchers that deliberately discards normative aspects. The questions opened up by considering alternative mechanisms for creating fairness perceptions have led us to formulate a research agenda for organizational justice research that takes multiple stakeholder interests, power dynamics and ethical implications into account. We believe that the fields of organizational justice and normative justice can benefit from combined research. Marion Fortin (Ph.D., Trinity College Dublin) is Lecturer in Organisational Behaviour at the Durham Business School, Durham University. Marion previously worked in the financial industry and also was a visiting scholar at the Stern School, NYU. Marion’s main research interest lies in the role of justice judgments in the workplace. Her current and past research projects also involve issues of organizational change, power mechanisms, and the role of emotions in organizations. Martin R. Fellenz (Ph.D., The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) is Lecturer in Organisational Behaviour at the School of Business, University of Dublin, Trinity College. His research interests include organizational justice, organizational transformation and change, teaching and learning, and the development of theory and theory schools. He regularly contributes to executive education programs in a variety of countries and consults with leading international public, private and not-for-profit organizations on matters of leadership, management development, and organizational transformation. A previous version of this paper was originally presented at the IESE Business School, University of Navarra, for the 14th International Symposium on Ethics, Business and Society: “Towards a Comprehensive Integration of Ethics Into Management: Problems and Prospects”. May 18–19, 2006).     

To Share or Not to Share: Modeling Tacit Knowledge Sharing,Its Mediators and Antecedents

Tacit knowledge sharing discussed in this study is important in the area of business ethics, because an unwillingness to share knowledge that may hurt an organization’s survival is seen as being seriously unethical. In the proposed model of this study, distributive justice, procedural justice, and cooperativeness influence tacit knowledge sharing indirectly via two mediators: organizational commitment and trust in co-workers. Accordingly, instrumental ties and expressive ties influence tacit knowledge sharing indirectly only via the mediation of trust in co-workers. The model is assessed by using data from different companies’ employees, who attend an evening college in Taiwan for advance study. The test results of this study indicate that tacit knowledge sharing is affected by distributive justice, procedural justice, and cooperativeness indirectly via organizational commitment. Additionally, tacit knowledge sharing is also affected by distributive justice, instrumental ties, and expressive ties via trust in co-workers. The paths from procedural justice and cooperativeness to trust in co-workers are shown to be insignificant. Managerial implications of the empirical findings are also provided. Chieh-Peng Lin is an Assistant Professor in the Graduate School of Business and Management, Vanung University, Taiwan. He had performed international business practices for several years and now focuses on the research related to consumer and organizational behaviors. His work has been published in a variety of journals including Journal of Business Ethics, International Journal of Service Industry Management, Human Resource Development Quarterly, Journal of Organizational and End User Computing, and so on.     

Fairness and the Main Management Theories of the Twentieth Century: A Historical Review, 1900–1965

Although not always termed “organizational justice,” the fairness of organizations has been a consistent concern of management thinkers. A review of the 1900–1965 time period indicates that management theorists primarily conceptualized organizational justice in utilitarian terms, although each theory emphasized distributive and procedural justice to different degrees. There is clearly a need for contemporary scholars to consider non-economic rationales for organizational justice, but the willingness of earlier scholars to make utilitarian arguments about organizational justice and productive efficiency helped legitimize the idea of fairness in organizations as an arbiter of value. Further, each theory tempered absolute managerial autonomy with some inherent check thereon. Researchers interested in organizational justice should therefore take a historical perspective in considering how management theory includes consideration of justice-related concerns.