Internationalization and performance of Indian pharmaceutical firms

This study explores the nature of the degree of internationalization and performance (DOI‐P) relationship in the context of the Indian pharmaceutical industry. The study relies on the stages model of internationalization to posit for specific relationships between DOI and performance in the distinct stages of international expansion. The findings are different from those of similar studies on emerging markets that have used a broader set of industries in their sample. Researchers should adopt caution when making any generalization of the DOI‐P relationship across contexts. Industry context in certain instances can be more powerful than country context in shaping the DOI‐P for particular firms. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Family firms and corporate social performance: evidence from Korean firms

This study examines the effects of family firms on the corporate social performance of Korean firms and analyses how their effect varies depending on the presence of family CEOs or chaebols. Based on the agency theory, we find that family firms exhibit lower corporate social performance. In particular, there is no difference in the performance of related stakeholders, such as society, consumers, environment, and employees, compared to non-family firms, but corporate governance registers as low performance. We further find that family firms managed by family CEOs show lower corporate social performance, whereas chaebol firms show higher corporate social performance.     

Internationalization and performance: A contextual analysis of Indian firms

This paper explores the nature of the relationship between a firm's internationalization and performance (I–P) and provides interesting evidence on the moderating role of the firm's characteristics on this relationship. First, the paper investigates two modes of internationalization by firms: exports and foreign direct investment (FDI). The study anticipates the I–P relationship to be different for these two modes owing to the differences associated with market-seeking and strategic asset/resource-seeking motivations among internationalizing Indian firms. Drawing on these differing motivations, the study theorizes a positive linear I–P relationship with export intensity and a negative linear I–P relationship with FDI activity and finds strong support for the latter. Second, the study argues for the contextual nature of the I–P relationship and attempts to integrate the role of organizational characteristics such as business group affiliation, firm size, and firm age in influencing the I–P relationship. The study finds that business group affiliation and firm age positively moderate the I–P relationships, which signifies deeper institutional, resource-based, and legitimizing effects. These results are indicative of the need for greater mid-range theorizing to forge a more robust understanding of the role various organizational characteristics play in influencing the I–P relationship.     

Managing multi-business firms: A comparison between Korean chaebols and diversified U.S. firms

We identify and examine the efficacy of organizational mechanisms through which diversified firms are effectively managed without loss of control. Building on the resource based view of business groups, we argue that business groups in emerging markets use these mechanisms more often and derive more benefits from the use of these mechanisms than the diversified U.S. firms. Empirical results based on samples from Korea and the U.S. show that structural mechanisms such as strategic control and contingency arrangements, do not affect divisional performance, whereas socio-cultural mechanisms, such as shared values and corporate-level training, have significant effect on divisional performance. We also find that Korean chaebols have leveraged socio-cultural mechanisms better than large U.S. firms, and thus, have an advantage in continuing to diversify.     

我国企业的国际化观念谈

我国的许多企业都已开始了国际化的进程,其国际经营的成功与否主要取决于其所秉承的观念。 其观念在企业的国际化进程中起着十分重要的作用:量力而动的观念、因企制宜的观念、长远利益的观 念、全球整合的观念、全球学习的观念、全球竞合的观念和社会营销的观念。     

Internationalization of Chinese Entrepreneurial Firms

This article uses the resource‐based and internationalization theories to explain the export behavior of Chinese entrepreneurial firms. Based on multiyear data on Chinese firms from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), we show that contextualized resource‐based theory can adequately explain some of the variation in export behavior among young Chinese firms. Exports by small Chinese firms are driven by the social and intellectual capital of the entrepreneur and their entrepreneurial proclivity, and the innovativeness/uniqueness of the product/offering. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Internationalization as a driver of the corporate social performance of extractive industry firms

In this paper, we investigate the impact of internationalization on the corporate social performance (CSP) of extractive industry firms (EIFs). We argue that internationalization positively impacts their CSP because, as they internationalize, they increasingly benefit from actions that help them enhance their social licenses to operate (SLOs) and hence have a greater need to increase both the overall social (SP) and environmental (EP) aspects of their CSP. We hypothesize that as EIFs internationalize, both their SP and EP grow; that SP grows more relative to EP; and that the level of development of EIFs’ home countries moderates these relationships.     

我国会计准则国际化应注意的几个问题

我国已于2001年12月正式加入了世界贸易组织,这意味着我国的社会主义市场经济将与世界经济体系融为一体。经济活动超越国界,必然要求作为通用商业语言的会计有统一的文字和语法规则,以消除语言障碍,为国际经济交流和国际贸易发展提供便利,这就对会计准则的国际化提出了现实的要求。我国在实行会计准则的国际化进程中,应该坚持以会计原则协同作为切入点,以会计信息质量作为策略选择标准,同时还应注意会计准则实施情况。只有注意到这几个问题,才能保证会计准则国际化进程迅速而稳健。     

外资银行贷款与中国企业国际化——基于我国上市公司的经验证据

本文检验了外资银行贷款与中国企业国际化程度之间的关系.利用2001-2013年我国A股上市公司数据,本文发现获得外资银行贷款企业的国际化程度更高,并且这一效应在金融市场化水平高的地区更强.本文还进一步考察了外资银行贷款影响企业国际化的作用路径,发现高声誉的外资银行更能提升企业的国际化程度,并促进中国企业在发达国家或地区开展国际化.本文的结论有助于理解外资银行进入后的作用体现及其机制,同时也将国际化进程理论引入到金融研究领域.     

Internationalization of Korean banks during crises: The network view of learning and commitment

This study addresses the effect of crisis on bank internationalization from the perspective of network theory. Employing the internationalization process (IP) model, we particularly examine the role of learning and commitment in overseas expansion for banking services under stable and critical periods. Following the IP model and business network approach, the study develops a theoretical view for analysis of international banks from South Korea. South Korean banks are selected as they experienced two global crises, one in 1998 and the other in 2008. Findings show that while the first crisis in 1998 stopped internationalization, the 2008 crisis stimulated firms to find new markets, especially in developing countries. Different from the studies showing that commitment increases in stable periods and decreases in crisis, this study contributes to the finding that experiencing earlier crises enhances learning and increases commitment needed for expansion and strengthening of the business network.     

后安然时代我国会计国际化发展的思考

经济全球化和国际资本市场一体化已经成为当前经济发展的潮流。会计作为国际通用的商业语言,也必须顺应这一潮流,向国际化的方向发展。会计准则的国际趋同是当前国际会计界讨论的热点问题,是会计国际化发展的必然趋势。但从实际情况来看,我国会计准则与国际会计准则及其国际惯例尚有较大差距。     

Dynamic Embeddedness in Chinese Firm Internationalization

This article presents a multilevel framework to analyze the motivations and location choices of Chinese OFDIs. We contribute to theory‐integration on Chinese OFDI flows and patterns by suggesting a framework that combines country‐, industry‐ and firm‐level analyses and by reflecting aspects from the resource‐based view (firm‐specific advantages), institutional‐based view (push/pull home‐ and host‐­country factors), and network‐based view (network relations). We also explicitly incorporate “time” as a variable into our framework by introducing and explaining the concept of dynamic embeddedness as an interaction dimension to reflect the inherent dynamics on all levels and actors. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

中国品牌国际化面对的难题及策略

以海尔为代表的中国一大批企业在创建国际品牌方面都取得了瞩目的成绩,给中国其他企业进行品牌国际化战略提供了宝贵的学习经验。本文分析了中国企业在品牌国际化过程中遇到的难题,并对中国企业在品牌国际化过程中应采取的策略进行了重点研究。     

中国企业如何从“引进来”到“走出去”——企业内向国际化模式对外向国际化绩效的影响

中国已经成为对外投资大国但并非强国,中国企业在海外市场的经营绩效成为研究热点.本文通过对中国338家有国际化行为的企业进行调查,考察了这些企业的“引进来”经历(内向国际化模式)对“走出去”结果(外向国际化绩效)的影响.结果发现,“引进来”的方式直接或间接地影响“走出去”的效果:(1)资产内向国际化对外向国际化绩效有直接的正向效应;(2)非资产内向国际化对外向国际化绩效有直接的负向效应,以吸收能力为中介对外向国际化绩效有正向间接效应.这表明,如果企业采用非资产内向国际化,则一定要通过该模式学习知识,积累竞争优势,提高吸收能力,才能成功“走出去”;反之欲速则不达.如果企业采用资产内向国际化,则很难通过该模式提升企业的吸收能力,但借用该模式的杠杆作用可直接提高海外经营绩效.     

Bounded entrepreneurship and internationalisation of indigenous Chinese private-owned firms

Based on 16 in-depth case studies this paper argues that the internationalisation behaviour of indigenous Chinese private-owned firms can only be partially explained by the Uppsala model and the theory of international new ventures. Instead, the so-called “bounded entrepreneurship” may be the key influence on the unique internationalisation patterns and competitive positions of these firms. Managerial and policy implications and limitations of the study are discussed.     

The internationalisation of family firms: case histories of two Chinese overseas family firms

Internationalisation is an important part of the business history of both non-family and family firms. The discourse regarding both is based on the mainstream microeconomic theories of the firm. This article, through examining the case histories of two successful Chinese overseas family firms, shows that explanations of internationalisation need often to venture beyond the confines of existing theories, especially where contextual factors are influential in shaping decision-making. The experiences of these firms point to the role of the state as a major contextual factor. The case history approach is the most relevant in this and other instances where context matters.     

中国信息与通信技术品牌的国际化策略研究

通过对华为、小米、OPPO等中国代表性信息与通信技术品牌国际化市场行为的研究,总结出了中国信息与通信技术品牌国际化的十大策略,即本地化策略、产品创新策略、合作推广策略、借船出海策略、国际展会推广策略、海外并购策略、赞助策略、明星代言策略、活动推广策略和商标国际注册策略,为正在实施或准备实施品牌国际化的中国信息与通信技术企业提供借鉴。     

中国食品饮料品牌的国际化策略研究

通过对青岛啤酒、贵州茅台、蒙牛乳业等我国代表性食品饮料品牌国际化市场行为的研究,总结出中国食品饮料品牌国际化的九大策略,即赞助与明星代言策略、产品创新策略、本地化策略、活动推广策略、海外结盟策略、海外并购策略、海外媒体传播策略、国际展会推广策略、国际论坛传播策略,以期为正在实施或准备实施品牌国际化的中国食品饮料企业提供借鉴。     

我国高科技企业的资本成本国际化战略

本文在我国即将“入世”的大前提下,探讨了我国高科技企业资本成本国际化的理论依据和现实意义;并进一步对我国高科技企业在资本成本国际化战略中可选用的渠道提出了一些设想和建议。