Huur en inkomen van Amsterdamse gezinnen in 1923, 1934, 1951 en 1959

Gegevens voor dit onderzoek ontvingen wij van het Bureau voor Statistiek en het Centraal Bureau Huisvesting van de Gemeente Amsterdam; de berekeningen werden uitgevoerd op de X 1 rekenmachine van het Mathematisch Centrum; de tekst van dit artikel werd eerder vermenigvuldigd als rapport S 324 van het Mathematisch Centrum. Wij betuigen gaarne onze dank aan deze instellingen en aan de personen die tijd, inspanning en goede raad ten behoeve van ons onderzoek ter beschikking stelden. Voorts danken wij Prof. Dr J. Hemelrijk voor zijn critische opmerkingen. Voor het eindresultaat blijven wij onverminderd verantwoordelijk.     

Produktie,kapitaal en interest

Summary As recent discussions show the theory of capital is still an important issue. Surveys by among others Harcourt and Dobb have brought the main themes of this theory before a larger audience. This paper aims at the same purpose. Apart from being written in Dutch the difference with the other surveys lies in the rigourous application of a two-sector model with heterogeneous capital with respect to all the questions raised.Section two of the paper is devoted to the critique of neo-classical theory by J. Robinson and D. G. ChampernowneIs answer in the form of the chain index method to measure capital. P. A. Samuelson's surrogate production function and P. Garegnani's refutation of it are discussed in the next section. The final section on technical matters deals with the relation between capital intensity and the rate of interest. In this setting attention is paid to the famous reswitching debate in the late sixties.In a concluding section the meaning of the central controversy is emphasized. For, as P. Sraffa has shown, it is not only the theory of income distribution which is highly vulnerable but also the whole foundation of micro-economics by the neo-classical authors that goes with it. This is what makes the whole dispute so fascinating.

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Met dank und Drs. A. van Schaik voor de stimulerende kritiek.     

Conjunctuur,structuur en economische groei

Summary In cross section analyses of economic growth, based on the Cobb-Douglas production function, only a minor part of the differences between the growth rates of the countries is explained by changes in the volumes of labour and capital input. In this article an effort has been made to reduce the unexplained residuals with the help of a simple growth model, containing four new elements as compared with the traditional analyses, based on the application of the Cobb-Douglas production function only. Firstly, to the concept of investment has been added a qualitative dimension, which represents its more or less traditional or “progressive” character, with which is meant the extent to which the latest technological findings have been applied in it. Secondly, the change in volume and quality of capital input has been considered as an endogenous variable. Thirdly, thefluctuation in economic growth has been introduced,via the investment equation, as an explaining variable of thepace of economic growth. The underlying philosophy is that the entrepreneurs base their quantitative and qualitative investment decisions on the pace of economic growth, corrected by the extent to which they fear set-backs in that growth. This fear is assumed to be founded on their past experience in this respect, as represented by a fluctuation-index. Finally, the sectorial structure of the economy has been introduced into the aggregate production function as an explaining variable of the autonomous trend of gross national product. The model has been tested in a cross section analysis for 17 Western European and North American countries, with the least squares method. The result was very satisfactory.

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Dit artikel vormt gedeeltelijk een weerslag van door de schrijver op het Nederlandsch Economisch Instituut onder auspici?n van N.V. Philips en Unilever N.V. verrichte groeistudies.