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1.
This field experiment support for the idea that response-enhancing techniques developed in the direct mail advertising field may be generalized to mail surveys of commercial populations. Significant response-speed techniques. It was also discovered that none of the three techniques tested significantly affected response-quality. The results of this study suggest that response-rate and-speed are stimulated by different factors which must be treated as distinct components when designing a mail survey. Finally, the findings imply that the experimental factors' effect on response-speed is an additive combination of factor interactions and main effects. This, in turn, suggests that the impact of the experimental manipulation on response-speed operates through a more complex process than the one generally found for the response-rate criterion. Acknowledgement The authors wish to express their appreciation to the funders of the study: The University of North Carolina Research Council and the Center for Applied Research at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro.  相似文献   

2.
An experiment was conducted to determine whether the level of personalization expressed in the type of addressing procedures on an outside envelope affected the response rates in two diverse settings. The study utilized a 2×3 factorial design with two types of survey settings (Training and Development Directors and Trucking CEO's) and three levels of envelope addressing (typed, lables, hand-written). Comparison of response rates revealed significant main effects.  相似文献   

3.
The effects of manipulation of appeal types, anonymity/nonanonymity, and the promiselno promise of feedback of research results on response patterns were examined using a sales population. The results indicate that the use of these techniques can enhance the response patterns from salespeople. Specifically, the egoistic appeal, the interaction of egoistic appeal with anonymity, and feedback were shown to influence response rate, response speed, and response completeness.  相似文献   

4.
This study examines the effects of the methodological characteristics of research source and anonymity of response upon mail survey response behavior. Unique features of the study were that the survey sponsor was identified, and the population sampled was one that should have a certain amount of commitment to both the sponsor and the topic because of membership in the sponsoring organization.  相似文献   

5.
The purpose of the current study was to investigate the effects of a monetary incentive and the ethnicity of the sponsor's signature on the rate and quality of response to a mail survey. Six hundred subjects were randomly assigned to four groups. One group received a mail survey from “Leroy Jefferson,” apparently a Black individual, with a 25% monetary incentive included. Group two also received a questionnaire from “Leroy Jefferson,” but without the monetary incentive. Groups three (25 ϕ included) and four (no monetary incentive) were sent questionnaires from “John Richardson,” an ethnically unidentifiable sponsor. The questionnaire was a 16-item attitudes towards Black scale. The results of the study demonstrated the value of a monetary incentive in increasing the rate of response. The name of the sponsor, however, did not affect either the rate of response or the quality of response (i. e. the scores on the attitude scale). The authors wish to thank Manhattan College, School of Business, for the grant which made this study possible.  相似文献   

6.
Although most marketing researchers and texts recommend guaranteeing respondents anonymity in mail surveys, emirical evidence on this issue is dated, and often is based on results from student or occupational samples. The present study examines the impact of anonymity on item omission, response bias, and response quality. Based on a representative sample of respondents from a Southern SMSA, it was found that lack of anonymity had minor effects on response variables. Anonymous respondents provided slightly less information to complex questions, and lower-income respondents, nonwhites, and homeowners were more likely to identify themselves on the return envelope. Yet, the responses of these groups did not differ substantively from answers of other respondents on the range of questionnaire items examined.  相似文献   

7.
Considerable evidence indicates that stamped return envelopes prompt higher rates of response than business reply permits. The authors use a measure of margin efficiency gains between return postage types to develop optimum cost guidelines to aid mail survey researchers in their choices between return mailer types.  相似文献   

8.
A mail survey was conducted to empirically investigate contributions to charity as a method of stimulating responses to a mail survey. The research design included a control group and four experimental groups with the following treatments: a prepayment of $1.00 enclosed with the questionnaire (immediate personal reward), $1.00 promised upon return of the questionnaire with the respondent identified (delayed personal reward, no anonymity), $1.00 promised upon return of the questionnaire with no identification of the respondent (delayed personal reward, anonymity), and the promise of $1.00 contribution to a respondent-selected charity (delayed non-personal reward). The $1.00 prepayment yielded a statistically significant higher response rate than the $1.00 promised to charity or $1.00 promised upon return of the questionnaire. This study generally supports existing empirical foudnations of equity theory. An immediate personal reward yields a higher response rate than a delayed personal or non-personal reward.  相似文献   

9.
孟雪  徐利民 《嘉兴学院学报》2002,14(Z1):100-101
该文认为现金和银行存款的管理应该职责清楚,由专人负责,制定一整套内部稽核制度,专职人员定期进行换岗;并提出了如何加强现金和银行存款审计的几条措施.  相似文献   

10.
以2007年~ 2015年沪深交易所披露的前五客户的A股上市公司为样本,研究客户集中与现金股利之间的关系.研究发现:客户集中度与公司的股利支付显著负相关,这一结论在采用PSM和Heck-man检验控制内生性问题后仍然成立;进一步的分析表明,这种负相关关系的传导路径是客户的治理效应而不是风险效应.研究结论为客户集中在股利政策中的治理效应提供了经验证据,并且丰富了我国股利支付影响因素的相关文献.  相似文献   

11.
When do consumers complain? This study probes this question by developing a conceptual framework that includes multiple theoretical perspectives, empirically testing a portion of the proposed model, and using dissatisfaction/complaint data from three different service industries. The hypothesized model uses multidimensional consumer complaint response estimates including voice, private, and third-party responses as dependent variables. Results support several proposed relationships, provide a high level of explained variance, and indicate a moderating role for dissatisfaction intensity. The complaint response estimates are characterized by disparate influence pathways, and expectancy value judgments emerge as critical determinants with positive and negative crossover effects. Attitude toward complaining is more dominant under low dissatisfaction intensity than it is under the high dissatisfaction condition. Important differences emerge across service categories. Implications of this work for managers and researchers in understanding when consumers complain are enumerated.  相似文献   

12.
景涛 《西部金融》2012,(11):77-79
本文探讨了国库现金管理的内涵及作用,分析了影响国库现金管理的主要因素。在此基础上,提出加强国库现金管理的相关建议:建立科学预算管理体系;建立发达的国债市场;加快国库法律制度建设等。  相似文献   

13.
14.
文章以2003年我国沪市的469家上市公司为研究样本,对公司的现金股利政策进行了研究。结果表明:最终控制股东的所有权结构对公司股利政策取向影响显著。当最终控制股东具有高现金流权和低分离系数(控制权/现金流权)的所有权结构时,更倾向于派发现金股利,分配的现金股利比率也更高,支持股利政策的大股东剥削假说;公司选择现金股利的概率,以及派发现金股利比率与公司现金流、成长性没有显著的相关性,不支持派发现金股利是为了缓解公司内部委托代理问题的研究假设。  相似文献   

15.
In the near future, advertisement of professional services will become a reality. This is especially true of the legal profession. On June, 27, 1977, in a historic though confusing decision, the Supreme Court lifted a ban on the advertising of legal fees and routine services. While several theoretical arguments may be advanced favoring professional advertising, there is a scarity of empirical studies supporting these claims. This study represents one modest attempt to rectify this lack of empirical research regarding the impact of advertising upon the demand for legal services.  相似文献   

16.
基于变革时代背景对企业的资金资源配置行为进行研究发现:资产专用性能够抑制企业的现金持有水平.盈余管理和股价崩盘风险在资产专用性抑制现金持有水平的作用中分别发挥正向和负向的调节效应.以代理成本推动的"帝国建造"行为、以研发投入代表的"革故鼎新"行为,均在资产专用性抑制现金持有水平作用中发挥中介传导效果.这为变革时代背景下如何指导企业资产结构的合理优化、实现企业"精准"匹配资金资源,提供了新的方向与思路.  相似文献   

17.
以我国2004—2007年上市公司为样本,实证研究了终极控股股东控制权与现金流权分离对公司超额现金持有量水平及其市场价值的影响,并在此基础上引入了治理环境,研究市场治理环境的变化是否降低了这一影响。研究结果发现:两权分离程度越高,上市公司的超额现金持有水平越高;我国民营终极控股的上市公司两权分离程度较国有终极控股的上市公司高,且其相应的超额现金持有量也略高于国有终极控股的上市公司;市场化进程的提高能够降低民营终极控股的上市公司的超额现金持有量水平,但却不能降低国有终极控股的上市公司的超额现金持有量水平。  相似文献   

18.
我国家电下乡补贴政策评析——兼与现金消费券方式比较   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
本文从理论分析和实证研究两个角度对我国目前实行的家电下乡补贴政策与直接发放现金消费券的方式进行了比较研究,得出了无论是从效率还是从公平的角度来衡量,直接向农民发放现金消费券的政策效果都优于对家电产品实施价格补贴,进而提出针对农村人口,发放现金消费券的政策建议.  相似文献   

19.
本文基于股权分置改革的制度背景,通过建立Probit及Tobit模型,考察了股权分置制度变迁和管理层股权激励对公司现金股利的影响。研究结果表明,股权分置改革显著提高了上市公司现金股利的分配倾向和分配力度。进一步研究发现,股权分置改革一方面缓解了无股权激励公司中的股利分配不足,另一方面矫正了股权激励公司中的高股利分配。上述研究发现,对于研究国有公司股权激励效应具有重要意义,也为从制度层面研究股利分配提供了一个有益视角。  相似文献   

20.
A necessary but insufficient condition for marketers to act ethically and be socially responsible is that they must perceive ethics and social responsibility to be important. However, little is known about marketers’ perceptions regarding the importance of ethics and social responsibility components of business decisions. The objectives of this study are (1)to assess the marketing practitioners’ perceptions regarding the importance of ethics and social responsibility in achieving organizational effectiveness, and (2) to analyze the relative influences of selected personal characteristics and organizational factors underlying a marketer’s perceived importance of ethics and social responsibility. The results from a mail survey of American Marketing Association members indicate that the marketers generally believe that ethics and social responsibility are important components of organizational effectiveness. The results partly indicate that there is a positive relationship between a marketer’s corporate ethical values and his or her perceptions regarding the importance of ethics and social responsibility. The results also indicate that the marketers’ perceptions regarding ethics and social responsibility can be explained by idealism and relativism. He has also served on the marketing faculty at Thammasat University, Thailand. He received his Ph.D. from the University of Mississippi. His research focusing on marketing ethics and social responsibility has been published inJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Journal of Business Ethics, Journal of Macromarketing, Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, and elsewhere. He received his D.B.A. in management from the University of Maryland. His work on business ethics, organizational design, and strategic planning has been published inAcademy of Management Review, American Business Review, andJournal of Business Ethics. His current research interest centers on the measurement of moral intensity. He received his Ph.D. from Texas Tech University. His work has appeared inJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Journal of Business Ethics, Journal of Business Research, Journal of Macromarketing, Journal of Personal Selling & Sales Management, Research in Marketing, and elsewhere. He received his Ph.D. in marketing from the University of Mississippi. His research has been published inJournal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Journal of Business Ethics, Journal of Pharmaceutical Marketing and Management, Journal of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, and elsewhere. His research interests include marketing ethics, health care marketing, international marketing, and direct marketing.  相似文献   

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