基于优势资源观的企业持续竞争优势研究

从优势资源观的角度来探讨企业的持续竞争优势。企业的竞争优势的源泉来自于企业拥有的优势资源,优势资源也是核心竞争力的来源;核心竞争力是形成竞争优势的关键,最后通过扩展竞争优势并获得持续的竞争优势。文中提出了基于优势资源观的企业持续竞争优势模型,并讨论了如何构建企业的持续竞争优势。     

中小企业如何建立核心能力

企业获得竞争优势的因素很多,如企业独特的地理位置、高品质的原料、廉价的劳动力等都能给它带来高额的租金收入和丰厚的利润。这样的企业具有竞争优势,只是这样的优势往往很难持久。研究企业核心能力的目的是为了使企业获得持久的竞争优势。在知识经济时代,企业核心能力是企业保持持续竞争优势的重要工具。相对于其它形成企业竞争优势的原因来说,以核心能力构筑的竞争优势往往不具有模仿性和替代性,因而能够持续较长时间。因此,无论是为了对付外界竞争的压力还是企业自我发展的需要,对于中小企业而言建立核心能力都是必要的。     

人力资源对企业竞争的影响

人力资源不是企业持续竞争优势的源泉,系统化人力资源实践才是企业持续竞争优势的源泉。系统化人力资源实践是企业持续竞争优势的源泉的诸多原因。一、人力资源是企业持续竞争优势的源泉吗人力资源是不是企业持续竞争优势的源泉,在理论界存在两种截然不同的看法。一种看法认为人力资源是企业持续竞争优势的源泉。另一种看法认为人力资源不是企业持续竞争优势的源泉。提出人力资源不能作为持续竞争优势的基础,人力资源实践     

基于战略创业理论的持续竞争优势研究

当今商业环境瞬息万变,企业想要保持持续竞争优势并非易事。近年提出的战略创业理论,为研究企业持续竞争优势提供了崭新的视角。本文在已有研究理论的基础上,建立了战略创业和竞争优势之间的模型,说明企业通过战略创业形成持续的创新流从而获得持续竞争优势。     

高新技术企业人力资本激励机制研究

知识经济时代，高新技术企业成为了世人关注的焦点。高新技术企业典型的特点是知识密集与技术密集，企业里人力资本是财富创造、价值增值和获得竞争优势的关键性、稀缺性资源。如何利用人力资本，激发人力资本的潜能成为企业获得持续竞争优势的首要条件，也是知识经济时代企业主要的竞争战略。     

技术与竞争优势分析

随着技术变革的不断加速，技术在竞争中发挥着越来越重要的影响力，技术创新在企业获得持续竞争优势上扮演着不可替代的重要角色。而且正如一些学者所指出的，在新经济下，创新已经成为一个“生存或毁灭”的问题。     

企业成本费用控制探究——以万科企业股份有限公司为例

市场经济的发展必然带来企业之间的相互竞争,在众多企业面临市场压力较大的经济背景下,如何在严苛的竞争环境中脱颖而出,获得持续的竞争优势,是企业长期需要研究的课题其中成本费用的控制在企业竞争方面显得尤为重要。本文以成本费用控制理论为基础,以万科企业股份有限公司为例,进一步探讨企业在严峻形式下的生存之道,以及成本费用控制对于企业竞争优势的作用,同时提出相应建议。     

家庭资本：家族企业竞争优势的一个重要源泉

在资源优势理论与企业核心能力理论的基础上，本文着重探讨了，资金、技术、管理等都处于劣势的家族企业获得竞争优势的一个重要源泉是家庭资本(社会资本的一个子集)，家庭资本是家族企业潜在资产，不能直接产生竞争优势，但能创造与企业持续竞争优势更直接有关的资产。本文认为对于这些资产，或者仅仅只有家族企业能获得，或者家族企业比非家族企业更容易获得，因此这些家庭资本成为家族企业的独特资源优势，最终导致家族企业竞争优势的形成。     

基于企业核心竞争力培养的探讨

企业核心竞争力是企业在市场经济中获得持续竞争优势的决定性因素。企业要想在经济全球化的市场竞争中立于不败之地,最根本的一点就是要提升企业的核心竞争力。本文着重探讨企业核心竞争力的培养,探讨我国企业在参与全球化竞争中获得竞争优势的途径。     

人力资源对企业竞争优势的影响分析

人力资源不是企业持续竞争优势的源泉，系统化人力资源实践才是企业持续竞争优势的源泉。系统化人力资源实践是企业持续竞争优势的源泉的诸多原因。     

国内门户网站品牌塑造及模型构建——基于国内外门户网站的比较研究

互联网是全球化的虚拟化,虚拟体验直接影响顾客的认知与行为,从而影响网站的品牌。基于受众体验的国内门户网站品牌塑造模型的构建,是国内门户网站在参考国外先进的网站建设的成功经验的基础上,塑造适合国内门户网站的品牌策略和一项重要的竞争策略。     

浅析Java多线程中的同步和死锁

多线程在编程社会中是一个相当新的结构,非常强大,可以加大地提高程序的运行效率。Java是第一个在语言的核心中支持线程,通过多线程的并发运行提高了系统资源的利用率,改善了系统性能,但由于多线程要共享内存资源,为了避免数据资源的使用混乱,必须对线程的同步问题作出解决。本文对Java多线程中实现同步的方法和死锁产生原因及避免原则做出了简要分析。     

Statistical Inference under Symmetry

We explore the consequences of adjoining a symmetry group to a statistical model. Group actions are first induced on the sample space, and then on the parameter space. It is argued that the right invariant measure induced by the group on the parameter space is a natural non-informative prior for the parameters of the model. The permissible sub-parameters are introduced, i.e., the subparameters upon which group actions can be defined. Equivariant estimators are similarly defined. Orbits of the group are defined on the sample space and on the parameter space; in particular the group action is called transitive when there is only one orbit. Credibility sets and confidence sets are shown (under right invariant prior and assuming transitivity on the parameter space) to be equal when defined by permissible sub-parameters and constructed from equivariant estimators. The effect of different choices of transformation group is illustrated by examples, and properties of the orbits on the sample space and on the parameter space are discussed. It is argued that model reduction should be constrained to one or several orbits of the group. Using this and other natural criteria and concepts, among them concepts related to design of experiments under symmetry, leads to links towards chemometrical prediction methods and towards the foundation of quantum theory.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

建筑工程计价简易方法

本文是根据经过几年来的探讨,提出了建筑工程简易方法的最基本方法,即工期分析法。它的产生是由于市场经济体制改革的不断深化,由繁杂的计量过程转化到简易的工期计价方法,由微观思维到宏观实践的结果。它是建筑工程计量方法的革新,是建筑工程计价与国际清单计价惯例的接轨。因此,本文在今后研讨建筑工程计量的方法中是有一定价值和深远意义的。     

Analysis of the gold fixing price fluctuation in different times based on the directed weighted networks

According to the complex network theory, this paper constructs the gold fixing price fluctuation directed weighted network (GFPFDWN) at 10:30 a.m. (A.M.) and 15:00p.m. (P.M.) London Greenwich Mean Time, and studies the law of the gold fixing price fluctuation by analyzing the basic statistical data and characteristics of the GFPFDWN. The results show that the abnormal distribution of the gold fixing price (GFP) at A.M. and P.M. is confirmed by the statistics, the core fluctuation state of the GFPFDWN is reflected in the first 1.8% nodes, and most of the nodes have smaller strength, only a few nodes have larger strength, which has the characteristics of a typical scale-free network. Meanwhile, the nodes with a large strength are closely related among them, which must appear earlier, but the nodes appearing early are not necessarily the nodes with a large strength. The nodes of the GFPFDWN present a short-range correlation in different periods, and the cumulative time of the new nodes shows a high linear growth trend. In addition, the nodes of the GFPFDWN show the characteristics with a small betweenness, clustering coefficient and node strength in different periods, which are different from the characteristics of the random network and chaotic network. When these nodes with small strength appear, which means that this period is in a transitional period, then identifying and analyzing these nodes can effectively predict the fluctuation of the gold fixing price in the next period.     

Urbanization and the City Image in Lowry at Tate Britain: Towards a Critique of Cultural Cityism

This article explores cultural cityism at a time when a more expansive, ‘planetary’ urbanization is argued to have superseded ‘the city’ as the dominant urban form. It takes an essentially Lefebvrian problematic and works this through an examination of one aspect of contemporary metropolitan culture, the L.S. Lowry exhibition at Tate Britain, held in the summer of 2013. The article scrutinizes the juxtaposition of Lowry's images of the industrial city with the image of ‘global’, corporate London provided by Tate Britain itself. The exhibition is presented as evidence of Lefebvre's argument that although the urban core has imploded and exploded, through images the city ‘can perpetuate itself, survive its conditions’. Taking stock also of the preponderance of city images in culture more widely, it is argued such images make a fetish of the city, producing also an ‘urban pastoral’ that obscures the defining characteristics of urban life today. Finally, Benjamin's concept of the ‘dialectical image’ and Rancière's notion of the ‘sentence image’ are invoked to capture the flashing together of past and present city images and the opportunities for critical reflection this constellation presents.     

Urban Informality and the State: Geographical Translations and Conceptual Alliances

Understandings of informality commonly derive from research undertaken in states perceived as lacking the capacity to regulate the practices of their populations. This Interventions forum aims to expand the geographical parameters of empirical research on urban informality. A more global approach, we argue, also necessitates questioning assumptions that undergird this concept—in particular the underlying conception of the state. In this vein, this collection of papers aims to rethink theories of the state through the lens of informality, and vice versa, to inform and refine the concept of informality through a more thorough understanding of states. In so doing, the contributions engage with concepts that have been central both to theories of the state and to the study of informality, namely governance, agency, legitimacy, sovereignty and legality. Following this introduction setting out our theoretical approach, the Interventions forum unites five empirical studies that discuss the nexus of informality and states in contexts that have been researched less extensively from this perspective, each tackling one of the above‐mentioned concepts. Based on these different entry points, the papers provide novel angles on a state‐theoretical understanding of informality. A concluding essay brings these approaches together, reflecting on the possibilities of translating concepts to different sites.     

From admiration to abhorrence: the contentious appeal of entrepreneurship across Europe

Although entrepreneurship seems to offer a universal economic solution, there are some doubts about whether it is universally attractive. We argue that entrepreneurship is a socially constructed concept and consequently the meanings, and hence the appeal, of the enterprise will vary internationally. We argue that how entrepreneurship is understood affects how attractive it seems. Accordingly, we investigated the meanings of entrepreneurship by analysing a range of metaphors of entrepreneurship gathered from schools across Europe. We found that both the meaning and understandings of the practices vary considerably. For most, the concept of entrepreneurship as an engine of the economy is attractive, but for some, the practices of entrepreneurs were considerably less appealing. We find links between national socio-economic contexts and attractiveness. We argue that culture and context seem to influence the social constructions of entrepreneurship and hence the attractiveness of entrepreneurial options. We also find that the pedagogical national narratives of the entrepreneur stand in dynamic tension with the performative national processes of entrepreneurship.