The systemic variables and elasticities in Alonso's general,theory of movement

This paper explores the theoretical underpinnings of interregional movement models generalized by William Alonso focusing on the systemic effects of origin supply conditions and destination demand conditions. It is found that although Alonso's theory is logically consistent in terms of regional aggregation and interregional migration accounts, in practice the elasticity estimation of the systemic variables is problematic. Unless the affinity term is broadly defined, the trends in the ratio of interregional to intraregional affinities, cast suspicion on the family of spatial interaction models because of the inseparability of distance from origin and destination characteristics, and spatial autocorrelation problem.     

The current non-status of general equilibrium theory

This paper argues that the abandonment of general equilibrium theory by microeconomists was a mistake. It provides counter arguments to two of the reasons for that abandonment—lack of both generality and consistency with methodological individualism in uniqueness and stability analysis of equilibria—and urges microeconomists to refocus some of their attention on it.     

Alumni Contributions to Academics

A bstract . The effect of intercollegiate athletics on alumni contributions to the academic endowment of an institution is analyzed empirically. Using time series data from a representative National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I university, a contribution function is estimated which incorporates various measures of success in the major sports programs. After controlling for the population of alumni, student enrollment, state appropriations, and per capita income, the results indicate that contributions are positively related to the overall winning percentage of the intercollegiate sports program. Post season play is not found to be a significant determinant of donations to academics while television appearances are positively related to contributions. The results also suggest that sanctions imposed by the NCAA for rules violation may slightly reduce contributions to academics.     

Do I have to go shopping again? A theory of choice with movement costs

In this model, the standard theory of the one-person household is extended into space and time. The theory is extended into space by imposition of a real trip cost on the act of purchase, separate from the money price of commodities. It is extended into time by imposition of a real cost of storage (represented by “deterioration”) on the stocks of goods held in the household between shopping trips. The necessity for storage permits the theory to include an endogenous choice of capacity to store as well as choices among consumption, leisure, and shopping trip frequency. By use of duality theory, the comparative static effects of price, wage, and trip costs are examined. Production and transformation within the household are integrated into the model and shown to be covered by the dual approach.     

我国对国民经济核算的贡献

国民经济核算是国民经济分析和政策的重要工具。改革开放以来,我国统计理论界的专家学者和实际工作部门的工作者从实际出发,理论联系实际,不断开拓创新,不仅推动了我国统计事业的不断发展,而且对国民经济核算理论与方法的发展做出了较大的贡献,主要包括四个方面:提出国民经济核算的平衡原则,消除了理论与方法上的误解;创立社会劳动价值论,奠定了我国国民经济核算体系的理论基础;提出国民大核算理论,明确了国民经济核算理论与方法的发展方向;整合MPS与SNA,丰富了国民经济核算的理论与方法     

Determinants of Contributions to Religious Organizations

Abstract . A model of contributions to one's religious congregation suggests that since the operations of the congregation rely upon voluntary contributions from members, congregation members will contribute less as congregation size increases. This type of behavior, known as free riding is supported by the empirical results. Furthermore, income, race, congregation expenses and denomination are key determinants of contributions.     

朱兰对质量业的贡献

本文概要综述国际质量界关于朱兰贡献的评论，同时提出自己的研究见解，从朱兰对质量业多方面贡献，我们可以发现他强烈的科学探求精神。     

Implicit functional relationships between systematic effects in a general model of movement

In this paper some further remarks are formulated on a general systems model of movement developed by Alonso. In particular, implicit relations between systemic variables are derived, which results in the proportionality of all systems push and pull effects and the choice of a reference unit as numeraire. This results in a simplified reduced form equation. The approach is illustrated empirically using data on interprovincial migration in Canada.     

Contributions of state to regional income dispersion

This paper examines proportionate contributions of states to total income dispersion among the states within the regions in the United States from 1929 to 1997. The criterion for equitable distribution is that each state receices a share of the total population comparable to its share of income. The coefficient of variation for each region on a yearly basis is employed. The results provide evidence for minor differences in contribution to regional income dispersion between component states.     

中国能源强度变化的区域影响分析

为了解各类区域对我国能源强度变化的具体影响,本文运用完全分解模型,从省级区域、东中西部和经济发展不同组别等三类区域角度对我国能源强度变化的影响进行分解分析。结果发现:(1)在1997～2002年,对我国能源强度下降起最大正作用的是辽宁、黑龙江、江苏、四川、湖北5个省份、中部以及经济发展中组;(2)在2002～2005年,对我国能源强度下降起最大负作用的是内蒙古、河北、江苏、山东、湖南5个省级区域、东部以及经济发展高组;(3)要促使我国能源强度下降,首要监控对象应该是江苏、河北和湖南3个省份、东部以及经济发展高组。     

Formation of expectations: A model in temporary general equilibrium theory

The paper studies, in a temporary general equilibrium framework, the way expectations of agents can be formed along time through some learning mechanism. One is then faced with a set of coupled equations from which the time evolution of both the state of the economy and the individual expectations have to be derived. Three main results are proven, for an open dense set of economies. First, there actually exists a recurrence which allows to determine, locally around some stationary temporary equilibrium, the time dependant dynamics for the states and the time dependant expectations. Next, sufficient first-order conditions are given for the dynamics and expectations to converge to some limits when time goes to infinity. Last, additional sufficient first-order conditions guarantee that the chosen stationary temporary equilibrium has definite stability properties for the time dependant dynamics.     

Corporate Contributions As Managerial Masques: Reframing Corporate Contributions As Strategies to Influence Society*

Researchers have argued that corporate contributions serve as necessitated investments, social currency, or social responsibility efforts. This article integrates and extends these perspectives to develop a view of corporate contributions as managerial masques. It argues that managers use corporate contributions to influence various stakeholders including stockholders, consumers, employees, investors, publics and societal institutions. A strategic framework is used to explore how managers promote managerial and corporate interests through corporate contributions. the societal implications of managers' discretionary uses of corporate contributions are also discussed.     

Contributions to nonparametric generalized failure rate function estimation

For a specified distribution functionG with densityg, and unknown distribution functionF with densityf, the generalized failure rate function (x)=f(x)/gG ^–1 F(x) may be estimated by replacingf andF byf _n and , wheref _n is an empirical density function based on a sample of sizen from the distribution functionF, and . Under regularity conditions we show and, under additional restrictions whereC is a subset ofR and _n. Moreover, asymptotic normality is derived and the Berry-Esséen type bound is shown to be related to a theorem which concerns the sum of i.i.d. random variables. The order boundO(n^–1/2+c _n ^1/2 ) is established under mild conditions, wherec _n is a sequence of positive constants related tof _n and tending to 0 asn.Research was supported in part by the Army, Navy and Air Force under Office of Naval Research contract No. N00014-76-C-0608. AMS 1970 subject classifications. Primary 62G05. Secondary 60F15.     

In practice supported,in theory denied: an account of an invisible urban movement

La nouvelle sociologie urbaine, et sa contrepartie, l'%eAconomie politique du bien-être social ont attiré l'attention sur la consommation collective et/ou la reproduction. Néanmoins, en dépit des intéressantes analyses théoriques et empiriques que ces développements ont engendrées, ces deux éléments ont négligé le 'sens premier' de la reproduction. Ce récit d'un mouvement féministe contemporain que conteste la violence mâle en ce qu'elle est l'expression sauvage d'une forme de sexisme institutionnalisé, essaie de rétablir l'équilibre. Women's Aid (l'Aide aux Femmes), en tant que mouvement urbain qui a transcendé l'urbain, voire même la problématique des classes, est le plus puissant — et peut-être le dernier — dans le présent immédiat, de toute une série de mouvements sociaux qui, au cours de la dernière décennie, ont contesté l'état providence britannique. Les difficultés recontrées par le mouvement dans sa tentative pour se frayer un chemin entre la cooptation, la confrontation et le conflit réglementé par l'état, y sont discutées. Néanmoins, malgré les contradictions qui se sont à la fois développées autour de ce mouvement (Women's Aid) et ont bien failli l'engloutir, le mouvement s'exerce, de façon hésitante et inégale, à de nouveaux rapports sociaux non-sexistes. A présent, ce mouvement est rendu théoriquement invisible par les analyses du courant principal sur la reproduction, même lorsque les nouveaux analystes le soutiennent, à un niveau personnel et pratique. La conclusion de l'article suggère que le soutien pratique et la négligence théorique pourraient servir è exacerber les tendances réformistes du mouvement.     

浅谈现金周期模型对供应链绩效评价的贡献

在美国物流管理协会2005年年会上,专家提出了供应链绩效评价的新方法--现金周期模型成为关注的热点.随着供应链的发展,绩效评价被认为是供应链优化的重要环节,绩效评价的研究方法也不胜枚举,那么现金周期模型的提出对于这一领域的研究又将产生怎样的影响呢？本文在回顾供应链绩效评价方法沿革的基础上,总结影响供应链绩效评价体系的因素;结合年会上关于现金周期模型的介绍,阐述自己对于现金周期模型的理解;剖析现金周期模型对于现阶段供应链绩效评价的贡献,并建立基于现金周期模型的供应链绩效评价体系.