共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
ABSTRACT Recent literature suggests that vocational education and training (VET) provides individuals with smoother transitions into the labour market but lower wages over the lifecycle, compared to general education. A possible mechanism explaining lower wages is horizontal mismatch, defined as a mismatch between the type of qualifications acquired by individuals and those required for their current job. Some studies have found higher mismatch wage penalties when individuals’ education is more specific, suggesting higher penalties for workers with VET. Therefore, we analyse horizontal mismatch in Switzerland, the country with the highest proportion of firm-based VET in the OECD. We use two measures from the Swiss Household Panel that cover different aspects of horizontal mismatch. While we find sizable mismatch wage penalties in OLS estimations, effects are small or insignificant in fixed-effects regressions. This holds for workers with vocational and general education background alike. We conclude that VET is more transferable than often assumed. We finish with recommendations on concept and methods for future analyses of horizontal mismatch. 相似文献
2.
Christa Frei 《Applied economics》2013,45(14):1837-1847
This article analyses job mismatches in Switzerland based on a subjective measure of overqualification. According to job search and job matching theories, overqualification is a transitory problem. Other theories show that overqualification can also be of a permanent nature. We test the perpetuity of overeducation using panel data from the first eight waves of the Swiss Household Panel (SHP) covering the period 1999 to 2006. Our empirical analysis reveals little evidence for lasting rigidities that would cause permanent job mismatches. Rather, spells of overqualification are relatively short: about half of all individuals who were overqualified in a given year had an adequate job match 1 year later. While a short duration of overqualification would be consistent with job search and job matching theories, our observation that the probability of a job mismatch does not significantly decrease with experience is at odds with these theories. Our article provides an alternative explanation for this phenomenon: the constant accumulation of experience and qualifications throughout a worker's career implies that, for a good job match to be maintained, qualification-specific job requirements must increase as the worker ages. If this does not occur, even older workers face a risk of becoming overqualified. 相似文献
3.
Amelie F. Constant Annabelle Krause Klaus F. Zimmermann 《Applied economics letters》2017,24(13):945-949
We analyse the reservation wages of first- and second-generation migrants, based on rich survey data of the unemployed in Germany. Our results confirm the hypothesis that reservation wages increase over migrant generations and over time, suggesting that the mobility benefit of immigration may be limited in time. 相似文献
4.
Olaf Hübler 《Applied economics letters》2017,24(1):4-7
In recent years more and more working time accounts (WTA) have been introduced. From a theoretical perspective both employers and employees benefit from such an instrument. Indeed, empirical studies show that life satisfaction of workers is larger under a WTA regime than under a non-WTA regime. However, more detailed investigations in this article reveal wages to be lower for men under WTA regimes. Why should men accept WTA when they earn less? Subgroup analyses show that these results are only valid for some groups of individuals. Our analysis allows us to deliver some explanations and to exclude other possible reasons. The major results are: (1) High-income workers suffer higher losses; (2) the shorter the compensation period of WTA systems the lower the wage reduction imposed by WTA; (3) the length of total working time does not seem to affect the link between WTA and wages but the length of overtime; (4) men accept wage losses from WTA if they can adjust actual to desired working hours. 相似文献
5.
This article investigates the apparent paradox of females possessing higher levels of job satisfaction compared to their male counterparts despite possessing worse employment outcomes. Postulating that the female workforce is heterogeneous by age, education and the presence of children, we create four groups; the aggregated, young and childless, young with children and the educated. The article finds statistical evidence of significant gender differences, though not uniformly so. Econometric results, however, paint a muddier picture, indicating that statistical results alone should not be used to categorically report incidences of gender differences in job satisfaction. Sample-selection bias results also evince sub-group heterogeneity and require further study. The determinants of job satisfaction vary between measures and sub-groups, though not necessarily so across gender. In sum, the article finds that the paradox does exhibit itself for the aggregated and young and childless sub-groups, but is largely absent for the young with children group. As well, there is a clear bifurcation in job satisfaction between genders for the educated sub-group. This suggests that employed females should not be viewed as a monolithic bloc in the labour force. 相似文献
6.
Roberto Dopeso-Fernández Giovanni Giusti Aleksander Kucel 《Bulletin of economic research》2023,75(3):742-775
Using Program for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies data, we explore the relation between cognitive ability, proxied by an explicit test of individual numeracy level and the reported satisfaction of individuals with their job. The paper identifies a relation of individual cognitive ability on job satisfaction interacting with some characteristics of the job related to job complexity, namely job autonomy and learning opportunity in the workplace. We found that individuals with different levels of cognitive ability exhibit different levels of job satisfaction depending on how much learning and job autonomy allows their employment. Individuals with low level of cognitive ability enjoy more their job autonomy than individuals in the top of the ability distribution. The learning effect brings the most profits to the utility of workers from the middle quartiles. Finally, planning is most enjoyed at the top of the distribution. We discuss the implication of these findings from a practical perspective. 相似文献
7.
Benjamin Artz 《Applied economics》2013,45(24):2873-2890
Job security, often measured using the perceived risk of job loss in the near future, is a significant determinant of job satisfaction. We posit that the impact job security has on job satisfaction is not only a function of how likely it is that a worker loses a job but also how likely it is that a worker could find another. The effect this has on worker job satisfaction then is different depending on whether perceived job loss occurs (or not) when job openings are scarce or when job openings are plentiful. We use difference-in-differences analysis of the 1997 and 2008 waves from the National Study of the Changing Workforce to show that three measures of job security increase private sector worker job satisfaction, and reduce worker incentives to quit, more when job openings are relatively scarce (during contractions) than when job openings are relatively plentiful (during expansions). We find that our results are strongest among less-educated workers. 相似文献
8.
采用跨层次的研究设计,利用通过问卷调查收集的数据,探讨了领导者的情绪智力对员工工作满意度的影响作用以及员工的情绪智力对两者间关系的调节作用。针对多层线型模型的统计分析结果表明:领导者认知自我情绪的能力对员工工作满意度的影响作用显著;员工的情绪智力对其工作满意度的影响作用显著;员工的情绪智力对领导者的情绪调节能力与员工的工作满意度间的关系具有调节作用。 相似文献
9.
10.
Job and Life Satisfaction Among Part-time and Full-time Workers: The “Identity” Approach 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Giovanni Russo 《Review of social economy》2013,71(3):315-343
11.
员工对工作特征的评价不仅依赖于客观的工作特征,而且还会受到领导的\"意义管理\"的影响,通过结构方程模型,我们可以验证工作特征在变革型领导与工作满意度之间的中介作用。在客观的工作特征没有发生变化的情况下,企业领导应该通过展现变革型领导力来影响下属员工对工作特征的评价,进而提高他们的工作满意度。 相似文献
12.
Mark Gius 《Applied economics》2013,45(31):4443-4451
The purpose of this study is to determine if the existence of a district-level merit pay system has any effects on teacher job satisfaction. Using a large sample of public school teachers from the year 2007, the results of this study suggest that teachers who work in districts that use a merit pay system are no less satisfied with their jobs than are other teachers; these results are consistent for both an ordered probit model and a two-stage analysis. Although the effect of merit pay on overall job satisfaction was insignificant, teachers in merit pay districts were less enthusiastic, did not think teaching was important, and were more likely to leave for better pay. However, in examining a sample of teachers who worked only in merit pay districts, it was found that teachers who received merit pay were more satisfied overall with their jobs than were teachers who did not receive merit pay. 相似文献
13.
注册会计师职业倦怠对工作满意度的影响研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在借鉴国外研究文献的基础上,本文通过对248份调查问卷资料进行分析,发现注册会计师职业倦怠的不同维度对工作满意度的内部维度具有不同的影响。本文扩展和深化了对注册会计师职业倦怠与工作满意度之问关系的认识。 相似文献
14.
Petri Böckerman Alex Bryson Antti Kauhanen Mari Kangasniemi 《Scottish journal of political economy》2020,67(1):31-52
Using linked employer-employee data for Finland we examine associations between job design, employee well-being and job-related stress. Three key findings stand out. First, in accordance with the theory of Karasek and Karasek and Theorell, job control and supervisory support are positively correlated with employee well-being and negatively correlated with job-related stress. Second, as predicted by theory, job demands are positively correlated with job-related stress. Third, there is no association between job demands and employee well-being and, contrary to expectations, neither job control nor supervisory support alleviate the negative relationship between job demands and job-related stress. Our results confirm the importance of job design for employee well-being. 相似文献
15.
本文在梳理了已有对员工工作满意度研究的基础上,依据中国企业的实际和调研情况,从工作满意度定义、工作满意度和工作绩效的关系、工作满意度测量等方面,探讨了员工工作满意度的管理,提出了工作满意度循环管理的新模式. 相似文献
16.
Previous literature stressed on the gender differences in job satisfaction and the factors influencing the job satisfaction of men and women. Two rationales are usually provided for the finding that women tend to be relatively more satisfied with their jobs than men although disadvantaged in labour markets: first, women may have relatively lower expectations of career and income, and second, they may attach relatively less importance to extrinsic rewards than men. In order to analyse whether substantial gender differences exist already at the beginning of the career, we employ information of over 20 000 graduates collected through a large-scale survey of German university graduates who recently entered the labour market. We find that the job satisfaction of female graduates is on average slightly lower than the job satisfaction of male graduates, but our results do not point to substantial gender differences. In our sample of highly qualified individuals, men and women are very similar in what they want from their jobs and also in their perceptions of what they get. While our results point to substantial similarity of men and women in the early career stage, gender differences may emerge at later stages of the career life cycle. 相似文献
17.
文章运用问卷法和访谈法对高校教师工作满意度进行了调查研究。调查得出:高校教师工作满意度的总体状况较好:不同职称、性别、学科的高校教师的工作满意度有显著性差异;不同教龄、学历的教师在工作满意度上无显著性差异。根据调查结果,提出建议来提高高校教师的工作满意度。 相似文献
18.
工作满意度和组织承诺对管理人员离职倾向的影响 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文基于管理人员工作满意度、组织承诺及离职倾向问卷调查,实证研究发现,对管理人员离职倾向有影响的主要是情感承诺、与上司关系、组织制度及工作内容等因素,且都与离职倾向呈负相关。另外,单位的性质对管理人员的情感承诺、与上司关系及离职倾向的影响,所在单位工作年数对管理人员离职倾向的影响,婚姻状况对情感承诺的影响,也得到了实证数据的支持。 相似文献
19.
知识型员工工作满意度的比较研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
企业要在激烈的竞争中保持并充分利用人才队伍,就必须了解员工的工作满意度情况。目前,在国有企业、外资企业和私营企业这三种所有制企业间进行员工工作满意度比较的研究还很少见;同时,知识型员工作为拥有较多知识资本,并能通过自己的创意、分析、判断、综合、设计给产品带来附加价值的一个群体。已成为企业人力资源管理越来越重要的工作对象。 相似文献
20.
John F. Henry 《Journal of post Keynesian economics》2015,38(2):280-301
Abstract:In the theoretical framework of classical political economy, including the revisions of Marx and the more recent work of Piero Sraffa and others, the concept of the subsistence wage figures prominently. Here, following a recounting of this concept and demonstrating its significance not only for classical theory but also for larger social concerns, I argue that the “base wage” (as it is sometimes termed) as articulated within a “Job Guarantee” program, is (or should be) comparable to the subsistence wage but requires modification to make it (roughly) equivalent. It will be demonstrated that adherents of the classical approach did not rest their wage theory on a quasi-neoclassical supply–demand approach (with some primitive marginal productivity notion lying behind a supposed demand for labor schedule), but understood wages as socially determined where institutional and historic forces established a normative standard around which market wages gravitated. Such an approach was shared by, among others, Thorstein Veblen and John Maynard Keynes. 相似文献