工程项目物资采购成本控制的机制探析

成本是一个工程项目企业经营发展的基础,成本投入的多少直接影响着一个工程项目企业的获利状况。因此工程项目企业要想获得更多的经济效益,就必须要采取措施控制工程项目企业内部成本。在众多成本中,物资采购成本占据着十分重要的比重。本文探究工程项目企业物资采购成本控制问题,更好的帮助工程项目企业进行采购成本的控制,更好的带动我国工程项目企业的进一步发展。     

工程项目设备采购中的风险管理研究

工程建设中降低生产成本与原材料成本是关键之举,其中最主要的是要降低原材料的采购成本。与此同时,将项目采购中的风险降至最低,对于工程项目的正常运转意义重大。文章对工程项目采购风险的管理进行了研究,对物资采购的风险进行了识别与分析,并对物资采购中的风险提出了解决措施。     

铁路施工企业物资采购成本精细化管理研究

铁路施工企业在进行工程项目建设过程中需要使用到大量的材料,在采购过程中如果没有重视成本管理,会出现材料成本上升或者材料浪费的现象,从而影响工程建设效益.本文对铁路施工企业在物资采购过程中的成本内容进行了分析,并提出了在物资采购成本管理中存在的问题以及精细化管理策略,以期可以为物资采购成本管理提供有效参考.     

铁路施工企业物资采购成本精细化管理研究

铁路施工企业在进行工程项目建设过程中需要使用到大量的材料,在采购过程中如果没有重视成本管理,会出现材料成本上升或者材料浪费的现象,从而影响工程建设效益.本文对铁路施工企业在物资采购过程中的成本内容进行了分析,并提出了在物资采购成本管理中存在的问题以及精细化管理策略,以期可以为物资采购成本管理提供有效参考.     

浅析管道工程的物资采办现状

石油管道工程的建设项目中物资的采购是一项重要内容，物资采购对整个工程项目的建设进度、成果质量以及成本控制等都具有重要影响。在我国石油管道建设的经验中，虽然在物资采购方面已经总结出了一些经验，但是问题还是存在的。笔者在本文中对我国管道工程建设项目的物资采办的现状进行了分析介绍，并且针对存在的问题，提出了具有的改进方案和对策，旨在为保障我国管道工程建设提供物资上的支持，保障工程项目顺利进行。     

浅议油田海外工程项目物资的集中采购

对于油田海外工程项目来说,物资采购的作用非常重大。因此,在采购物资时,油田企业当中的相关部门必须做好协调采购工作,以降低物资采购成本,高质高效交付货物。本文分析了油田企业海外项目物资采购存在的问题,提出了运用集中采购对采购管理系统的完善措施。     

谈控制物资采购成本

本文简单分析了企业物资采购成本的构成,提出了对物资采购成本控制的一些认识,就影响物资采购成本的因素、物资采购流程控制进行了分析和研究,在此基础上提出了降低物资采购成本的几点措施。并提出了物资采购管理中降低成本,应该确立物资采购全成本控制的概念。     

谈控制物资采购成本

本文简单分析了企业物资采购成本的构成,提出了对物资采购威本控制的一些认识,就影响物资采购成本的因素、物资采购流程控制进行了分析和研究,在此基础上提出了降低物资采购成本的几点措施.并提出了物资采购管理中降低成本,应该确立物资采购全成本控制的概念.     

浅谈电力施工企业物资管理系统对项目采购的管理

在激烈的竞争环境下,低成本竞争是建筑企业重要的竞争手段,而对工程项目的成本进行有效的管理,是建筑企业获得利润的保证,直接影响企业的经济效益.如何发挥物资采购在降低工程成本,增加施工企业利润中的作用成为了研究的一个新焦点.文章结合电力施工企业管理现状,论述了物资管理系统在工程物资采购管理中的作用.     

建筑施工企业大宗材料物资集中采购管理探讨

大宗材料物资采购是建筑施工企业工程项目建设中的一项重点工作内容,集中采购是当前很多建筑施工企业采取的一种采购模式。将集中采购管理落到实处,能节约更多采购成本,避免资金浪费。因此,本文首先阐述建筑施工企业大宗材料物资集中采购基本内容,然后分析建筑施工企业大宗材料物资集中采购管理的重要作用,最后围绕构建完善管理制度、创建专项机构等,对大宗材料物资集中采购管理进行探讨。     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

From Socialist Subject to Capitalist Object: Industry Enclave Life Past and Present in Wuhan

There is no better place to explore the relationship of industry enclaves to urban life than China, where traditional danweis (work units) have coexisted with new foreign direct investment enclaves. Here we draw on original interviews with workers at Wuhan Iron and Steel Company (WISCO) and Foxconn in the city of Wuhan to examine industry enclaves old and new in terms of their spatial arrangement, work, institutions, and social life and identity. The article is one of the first to integrate urban and economic geographical perspectives on the subject of enclaves. It provides evidence of similarities and contrasts in the spatial arrangement of work, institutions, life and identity centred on industry enclaves old and new. These contrasts reflect wider relations between the state and the market and between social subject and commodified labour in China. In conclusion, we identify several research directions concerning the scale, diversity and reach of urban enclavism in China and beyond.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

论年鉴编纂与志书编修的关系

年鉴编纂与志书编修是地方志事业的主要任务。文章分别概述了年鉴与志书的定义和特点,并从资料性、性质和功能、结构形式、语言风格及体裁方面分析了两者的相似之处,最后从时间期限、资料取舍、内容侧重点和体裁写法方面论述了两者的差异,论证了两者存在相互影响与相互衔接的关系。     

The Theory of Socially Embedded Games: The Mathematics of Social Relationships,Rule Complexes,and Action Modalities

In their classic work, Von Neumann and Morgensterndefined a game as simply the totality of the rules which describe it. Theydid not, however, elaborate a theory of rules. Such considerations lead toconceptualizing rules and rule configurations as mathematical objects, specifyingthe principles for combining rules, developing the theory of revising,replacing, and, in general transforming rules and rule complexes. Themathematics is based on contemporary developments at the interface ofmathematics, logic, and computer science. This article, drawing on themathematical theory of rules and rule complexes, extends and generalizes gametheory (GGT). The theory of rule complexes is used to conceptualize andanalyze diverse social relationships, roles, and games as particulartypes of rule complexes. A social role, for instance, is the major basisof an individual's action in a game. It consists of at least four majorcomponents – which are mathematical objects – in the determinationof action: value complex, model of reality (including beliefs and knowledgebases), a repertoire of acts, routines, programs, and strategies, and modalities,role-specific algorithms for determininig or generating action in gamesettings. The article focuses on three types of action modality routineor habitual, normative, andinstrumental modalities. The theory: (1) provides a cultural/institutionalbasis for a theory of gameswhere games, social relationships, and rolesare formalized in terms of rule complexes; (2) explains human action as a formof rule application or rule-following action, which underlies allmodalities of action; (3) formulates the theory that actors construct an action or make choices amongalternative actions by making comparisons and judging similarity (ordissimilarity) between an option or options considered and their norms and values,and, in general, determine whether or not, and to what degree, a value,norm, or goal will be realized or satisfied; (4)reconceptualizes ``game' as a social form and makes a distinction between open and closed games.     

企业专业化、标准化、集约化与信息化统筹建设方略

在国内外,很多优秀企业从愿景和价值观出发,通过工作流程对其进行分解并实现公司标准管理体系,通过管理信息化建设将工作流程加以实施,最终实现企业专业化、标准化、集约化工作流程固化和与之匹配的管理信息化平台。文章从专业化、标准化、集约化与信息化实现之间的关联分析出发,以实现专业化、标准化、集约化统筹规划运作与公司管理信息化系统软件实现为思路,以解决长期提升公司管理运作效率为宗旨,对统筹企业专业化、标准化、集约化与信息化建设进行探讨。     

建设工程项目索赔与反索赔技巧的研究

结合当前建筑市场发展趋势,对建设工程中常遇的索赔和反索赔技巧及要点展开了研究和总结,提出项目的索赔和反索赔对于培养和发展市场、促进建筑业的发展起着非常重要的作用。     

浅谈接触网软横跨工程施工技术优化与应用

本文主要通过接触网软横跨工程传统的施工技术的进行分析、试验、对比优化改进,通过测量、数据采集、计算、预制及安装调试等步骤分析、总结,创新和完善了软横跨施工技术。充分的证实了软横跨优化创新后的施工技术,在接触网工程施工过程中起到了一次到位良好的效果,缩短工期,避免了重复用工,提高了工效,在今后中国电气化铁路接触网新建、大修、扩建及改建工程中具有很强的推广意义。     

The Geography of Innovation in China and India

The BRICS countries in general, and China and India in particular, are now widely regarded as the areas of the world likely to challenge the economic leadership of the United States (US) and the European Union (EU). A large part of this challenge will come from rapid technological catch‐up by China and India. Yet, despite a recent rise in interest, there is limited knowledge about how and where innovation takes place in these two leading emerging countries and to what extent the Chinese and Indian territorial systems of innovation differ from those in the EU or the US. In this article we explore the geography of innovation in China and India, concentrating on understanding key territorial‐level innovation trends by country, region and technology field, using the US and the EU as benchmarks. We find significant contrasts between the geography of innovation in China and India and that of the US and the EU. First, the degree of concentration of innovative activities in both countries is extremely high. Levels of agglomeration of innovation in the coastal provinces of China, as well as in Delhi and the South of India, significantly exceed the levels of agglomeration found in the USA and the EU. Secondly, China has witnessed a more rapid increase in the degree of concentration of innovation than India. We posit that the differences in the geography of innovation between, on the one hand, China and India and, on the other hand, between these countries and the developed world are rooted in different institutional settings, different systems of innovation and different national innovation strategies.     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.