A Review of New Public Financial Management Change in Australia

The Australian public sector, like many in other Western democratic countries, has in past decades undergone fundamental reform of its structure, processes and underlying ideology. Our objective is to document the key features of the transformation and the influences that appear to have been at work, and to trace changes in the continuing reform of public-sector financial management. In doing so we focus on the emerging debates over the implementation of financial management reforms and increasing public disquiet over many aspects of these reforms. The main focus is on the national level of government in Australia; however, we also draw on state government examples.     

我国近期财务管理若干理论观点述评

实现财务理论创新 ,是完善企业财务管理实务工作的必要准备。本文概述我国近十年来财务基本理论方面提出的新观点及其重要贡献 ,梳理发展的脉络 ,探寻亮点和盲区 ,以期有助于财务理论健康、深入的发展。     

公共财务管理与政府财务报告改革

本文根据政府财务报告主要反映政府财务受托责任和财务受托业绩 ,并为上级政府、政府主要官员、审计机关、监督机构提供政府财务信息 ,以及近年来公共部门存在一系列财务管理问题的客观现实 ,拟从报告主体内部管理的需要出发 ,阐述公共 (部门 )财务管理对政府财务信息的需求 ,提出改革政府财务报告的基本思路 ,以促进公共 (部门 )财务管理水平的提高 ,并推动政府对外财务报告的改进     

金融危机冲击下资产负债管理的再审视

始于2007年的国际金融危机暴露了商业银行过度使用杠杆的弊病和被广泛采用的资产负债管理理论与技术的缺陷。未来商业银行资产负债管理将会在改革中得以持续。对于我国商业银行来讲,由于内外部的原因,尚处于资产负债比例管理阶段,较西方商业银行仍存在很大差距。为逐步加强我国商业银行资产负债管理工作,一方面需要加快外部监管环境的完善,积极推进利率市场化改革和证券市场改革。另一方面,商业银行必须提高认识,健全资产负债管理业务组织体系,坚持并完善资产负债比例管理指标体系建设,不断推进业务和产品创新。     

Trajectories of Reform: Public Management Change in Four Countries

It is fashionable to think there is a tide, or sequence, of basically similar public management changes sweeping through Western Europe, North America and Australasia, and British ministers have proclaimed that the UK is an admired and copied leader in public sector reforms. This article argues that a uniform 'one-track' picture is not at all accurate. Looking at 15 years of change in Finland, New Zealand, Sweden and the UK, the authors argue there are not only significant differences between each of the countries, but a more general and persistent distinction between the two Nordic countries and the UK and New Zealand. In the 'Westminster system' countries, the aim appears to have been to minimize the extent and distinctiveness of the state sector, whereas in the Nordic countries much greater emphasis has been placed on modernizing the state apparatus so that it can deal better with a changing environment.     

"第三届海峡两岸金融论坛"综述

2007年4月3日，上海金融学院与台湾中央大学财金系及台湾土地银行、远东国际商业银行、台湾证券集中保管公司、大众综合证券股份有限公司、美商安程国际资产管理顾问公司、国际票券金融公司、国泰人寿保险公司等金融企业的专家学者，在上海浦东共同举办了“第三届海峡两岸金融论坛”。     

The Financial Value of Cultural, Heritage and Scientific Collections: A Public Management Necessity

The Australian community devotes substantial resources to building and maintaining public collections, such as its public museums and galleries. There has been comment in this journal and elsewhere on the case for placing a financial value on cultural, heritage and scientific collections. In this paper the framework proposed by Carnegie and Wolnizer (1995) is extended to show that the valuation of the service flows that come from public collections is not only feasible; it is also desirable from a public management perspective. The paper presents the case for valuing public collections and analyses alternative valuation procedures. It concludes that the valuation of public collections is an essential component of any sound system of management of the resources applied to the running of activities such as public museums and art galleries.     

从金融危机透视美国金融机构人力资源管理机制

2007年8月美国爆发了次级债危机.之后演变为全球金融危机,在这场危机中,许多金融机构出现了巨额亏损,一些著名的大型金融机构甚至被迫倒闭或面临重组的窘境.     

澳大利亚金融体系与改革

澳大利亚作为发达国家,具有较为完善的金融体系,其结构和发展历程也很独特。研究澳大利亚的金融体系及其变革,对我国金融系统改革具有一定的借鉴意义。本刊特约原人民银行清算总中心现就读于悉尼科技大学金融与经济系的王歌红女士撰写文章,分两期介绍澳大利亚的金融体系与支付系统的概况和变革(下期),为我国正在进行支付系统建设和管理体制改革的金融工作者提供参考。     

浅谈新形势下现代商业银行的财务管理

为了适应现代商业银行竞争的需要,加强财务管理是当务之急,要找出与先进外资银行的差距,建立有效的商业银行良好公司治理机制下的财务考核指标体系,大力推动财务管理理念和体制的创新,建立一个“以成本效益原则为基础,以信息系统为平台,以预算管理为导向,以内部控制为手段,以业绩评价为依据,通过内外部审计强化监督”的财务管理体系.     

Achieving High Quality, Comparable Financial Reporting: A Review of Independent Enforcement Bodies in Australia and the United Kingdom

This article provides a review of the activities of two quite different types of national enforcement body, the U.K.'s Financial Reporting Review Panel (FRRP) and the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC). We present material (some not available elsewhere) about their activities over the period 1998–2004 and show that both types of body can fulfil an enforcement role, albeit subject to political forces. We also assess the relevance of the bodies' past activities for comparable international enforcement following the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in 2005. A review of cases reveals that for both bodies approximately half were related to recognition and measurement issues, where interpretation can be crucial. Although there is potential for cross-country differences to arise, they may be mitigated by the participation of both bodies in international enforcement coordination activities. Past activities suggest that the scope of the bodies' activities and the extent of comparability of enforcement decisions are likely to reflect political views held within the government, corporate sector and accounting profession.     

Financial Expert CEOs and Earnings Management Around Initial Public Offerings

This study examines the association between financial expert CEOs and earnings management (EM) around initial public offerings. We identify financial expert CEOs as those having past experience in either banking or investment firms, large auditing firms, or finance-related roles. We find strong evidence that newly listed firms with financial expert CEOs are less likely to engage in either accrual-based or real EM in the offering year than those with non-financial expert CEOs. In particular, our results are robust after controlling for the potential selection issue that occurs due to non-random matching of CEOs to firms. In addition, we employ alternative measures of financial expertise, including past experience in a CFO position, financial experience variety, and professional qualifications. We document that CEOs who used to work as CFOs and those who gained varied financial experience are less likely to manage earnings through both accruals and real activities. Moreover, CEOs who have a professional qualification in finance and/or accounting are also associated with lower accrual-based EM.     

试析新世纪企业财务管理发展趋势

21世纪我国财务管理理论将会向多个领域学科交叉发展,可以预见,在新世纪里,财务理论将汇集金融、自然科学、社会科学、各门类科学的优秀成果而生成崭新的综合学科。同时,财务管理实务也将会有长足的发展。     

新公共管理与政府财务信息披露思考

随着我国市场经济体制的逐步完善以及加入WTO的影响 ,新公共管理在我国经历了从理论到实践的发展过程。我国新公共管理的聚焦点在于建设高效率的政府、民主的政府和公开的政府 ,这一实践特点对我国政府财务信息披露提出了新的挑战。如何改进政府财务信息披露是本文探讨的主题 ,但不容忽视的是政府财务信息披露的改进面临着政治成本与经济成本的压力 ,所以政府会计信息披露的发展与完善只能是一个渐进的过程     

现代农村金融制度构建初见成效——2009年我国农村金融发展盘点

经济决定金融,金融反作用于经济.在我国农村经济和农业发展的背后,农村金融的支撑作用不容低估.     

金融功能理论研究述评

金融发展理论研究金融发展和经济增长之间的关系.围绕经济等对金融的影响、金融对经济的影响两条主线展开,相应形成两种理论:阶段理论和功能理论.本文首先界定了金融发展理论、金融功能理论和金融阶段理论的概念,接着从金融机构的功能、金融发展与经济增长之间的关系等方面对国内外文献进行了综述,最后是结论性评价和进一步研究的方向.     

Delivering Public Services Under the New Public Management: The Case of Public Housing

One of the biggest changes in public sector housing practice in recent years has been the introduction of New Public Management techniques. Housing associations, promoted by successive governments to supplement local authority provision of social housing, have readily taken on the new management agendas of performance indicators and business disciplines in service delivery. The author identifies a conflict between the social purposes of public funding for housing and the business practices of housing associations. The limited accountability of housing associations allows for practices that lead to social exclusion. For local authorities, a parallel conflict arises because of government emphasis on 'what works' in public housing management, rather than on 'what matters'.     

财务管理理论研究的回顾与展望──20世纪后20年中国财务理论研究述评

本文以 １９８１年到２０００年２０年时间发表在《会计研究》、《财会月刊》、《财会通讯》、《财务与会计》、《经济研究》、《金融研究》、《财政研究》等７个刊物上的财务理论文章为样本，系统分析了这２０年我国财务理论研究的演变过程，形成了一系列研究结论。     

基于财务视角的投资者关系管理研究评述与启示

投资者关系管理(IRM)起源于西方成熟资本市场,通过信息披露等方式与投资者形成良性的互动关系,从而降低投资风险,最终增加公司价值。本文主要基于公司财务的视角,对IRM的财务职能、IRM与信息披露、IRM与公司社会责任、IRM与Internet等几个方面,对国外近几年来的研究文献进行评述与分析,总结出一些有益于我国IRM理论研究和实践应用的观点和经验,以期推动我国学界和上市公司在理论和实践中探索并创造出符合自身状况的IRM战略管理的最优模式。     

Financial Management and Effectiveness in Public Service Organizations: The CIPFA FM Model

Improving services in the public sector is not just about front-line delivery—effective governance and financial management are key drivers for public bodies on the improvement path. Regulatory frameworks are putting these elements in the spotlight as they seek to track additional investment and its impact on services. No longer just about accounting for the money and demonstrating stewardship, financial management in the public services is about giving the right decision support and enabling the right choices. Modern public bodies need to make sure they are financially literate throughout their operations to meet their organizational goals effectively. Self-assessment and improvement planning can work for financial management and a framework developed by public finance professionals in the UK's public sector is described in this article. The article draws upon the CIPFA FM Model that is to be launched in Summer 2004.