基于产业价值链的企业商业信用行为研究

当企业融入了产业价值链的分工,企业的商业信用行为会受到产业价值链因素的影响。而对于企业来说,产业价值链的重要性主要体现在企业同上下游即供应商与客户之间的关系上,企业同上下游的关系一定程度上决定企业在产业价值链上的地位。利用上市公司粗略地构造了"煤、石油-化工"这样一条产业价值链,以产业价值链为背景,研究产业价值链上不同类型的企业的商业信用行为的差异。     

高管权力与商业信用

对于中国这一权力文化色彩较浓的新兴市场国家而言,研究高管权力具有重要的理论意义和现实意义.商业信用已经成为我国企业的重要融资方式.本文主要研究高管权力对商业信用的影响,进一步考察了企业产权性质以及经济周期、企业行业地位和成长性三个宏观、中观、微观因素对高管权力与商业信用关系的影响.采用1999-2012年中国A股非金融行业上市公司作为研究样本,通过一系列的实证检验,本文得到如下研究结论:高管权力的增大会降低企业获取商业信用的规模;企业的国有产权属性能减弱高管权力与商业信用的负向关系;当经济处于下行期时,高管权力与商业信用的负向关系更为显著;企业的市场地位越高、成长性越好,高管权力降低商业信用的程度越小.以上研究结论表明高管权力的增大会导致商业信用减少的恶劣后果,高管权力是影响企业获取商业信用的重要影响因素.本文的研究发现为高管权力的经济后果提供了进一步的经验证据,丰富了高管权力和商业信用融资两方面的理论研究,对抑制高管权力过度膨胀、降低信用风险和促进国民经济稳定发展均具有较强的启示作用.     

环境信用评价制度能优化商业信用资源配置吗

环境信用评价制度是环保部门对企业的环境行为进行评价，确定信用等级，并向社会公开的环境管理手段。那么，环境信用评价制度对企业的商业信用融资有何影响？利用2014—2020年沪深A股重污染企业的数据，探讨了环境信用评价制度对企业商业信用融资的影响。研究发现，环境信用评价制度对环境信用较好企业的商业信用融资影响不显著，但能显著降低环境信用较差企业的商业信用融资。这说明，环境信用评价制度对环境信用较差企业的商业信用融资具有惩戒作用。原因在于，环境信用评价制度提高了环境信用较差企业的政策风险和市场风险。进一步发现，当金融制度较差、行业竞争激烈时，环境信用评价制度对企业商业信用融资的激励作用和惩戒作用更显著。因此，要继续优化环境信用评价制度，以强化其对环境信用较差企业的惩戒作用。     

货币政策对商业信用与银行信用两者关系的影响

本文以2005-2014年我国A股上市公司数据为样本,来检验货币政策对商业信用及银行信用的影响.研究发现,商业信用和银行借款在企业中呈现显著的“替代关系”.进一步的研究还发现,货币政策的趋紧对于企业商业信用融资和银行借款融资的替代关系的影响还会随着企业规模的不同表现出一定的差异性.本文一方面检验了我国上市公司货币政策信贷传导的存在理论,另一方面可以为货币政策的制定提供微观数据基础.     

国有企业混合所有制改革与商业信用融资

商业信用融资属于替代性融资渠道,基于混合所有制改革的背景,考察了股权多样性和股权融合度对于商业信用融资的影响。以2014-2018年国有上市公司为研究样本,从替代效应的需求和供给角度分析了混改对于商业信用融资的影响,得到以下结论:国企股权多样性和融合度对于商业信用融资的影响存在差异,股权多样性对于商业信用融资无显著影响,股权融合度与商业信用融资水平呈正相关。进一步研究影响机制,从商业信用需求来看,混改会降低国企的银行信贷,增加了企业的商业信用需求;从商业信用的供给来看,混改会增加国企的内部控制水平,促进供应商乐于提供更多商业信用。最后,对于国企进行分类拓展研究发现,央企、垄断型企业和所处市场化程度高地区的企业,混改对于商业信用融资的促进水平更明显。研究结论表明,混合所有制改革需要从"量变"向"质变"进行深化,进而增强商业信用的融资作用。     

金融支持实体经济的信用模式优化——基于商业信用和银行信用的比较研究

商业信用和银行信用是两种最基本的信用模式,在实体经济部门的产业循环中,要求资金的供给和融通在纵向和横向上相互结合,即银行信用和商业信用两者不可或缺、相互兼容。从银行信用影响因素、商业信用与银行信用、产融结合与企业经营效率、产融结合与企业风险承担能力四个方面进行理论分析,并利用我国上市公司2010—2020年的数据进行实证检验后发现,国有资本参股、市场占有率高的企业更加容易获得银行信用;商业信用对银行信用具有重要的补充特征,缺乏短期贷款的企业通常以更多的商业信用来补充,获得短期贷款越多的企业对下游企业提供的商业信用越多;企业使用商业信用对营业收入利润率产生正向影响,而使用银行信用对营业收入利润率产生反向影响;企业获得商业信用提升了风险承担能力,企业提供商业信用却降低了风险承担能力。因此,应建立健全商业信用体系,促进商业信用发展,强化信用体系建设,推进商业信用制度创新。     

上市公司商业信用的实证研究

本文以沪市上市公司为例对企业提供商业信用情况进行了实证研究.研究发现,在存货压力和行业景气预期下,样本公司倾向于采用较为宽松的信用政策,进而导致商业信用水平提高;信用缺失进而对坏账损失的担忧在一定程度上抑制了企业为客户提供商业信用的水平.     

中国上市公司商业信用周期性变化的宏观经济动因研究

本文为了揭示中国上市公司商业信用周期性变化的宏观经济动因,构建了一个宏观经济因素影响上市公司商业信用行为的理论分析框架,从宏观和微观两个层面分析了宏观经济发展状况、货币政策和通货膨胀水平对中国上市公司商业信用周期性变化的影响机理。利用中国上市公司季度面板数据进行了实证检验。结果显示,随着货币政策宽松、宏观经济扩张和通货膨胀水平的增加,中国上市公司提供的商业信用净额都显著降低。这些研究结果折射出,当货币政策收紧或宏观经济收缩时,商业信用资金从上市公司部门流向非上市企业部门;反之,当货币政策过度宽松或宏观经济过度扩张时,上市公司部门通过商业信用渠道从非上市企业部门吸纳商业信用资金。     

通货膨胀、市场地位对商业信用的影响

本文采用2010-2015年沪深两市A股上市公司的年度数据,研究市场地位和商业信用的关系,以及考虑通货膨胀预期背景下二者的关系是否会发生.研究结果表明:第一,市场地位高的企业会凭借其市场地位获得较多的商业信用,二者呈正相关关系;第二,当预期未来将发生通货膨胀时,企业获得的商业信用也会增加;第三,通货膨胀预期会加深市场地位和商业信用之间的正相关关系,即当预期未来将发生通货膨胀时,市场地位高的企业能凭借自己的市场地位更多地获得商业信用.本研究把通货膨胀对企业行为的影响纳入宏观经济政策与微观主体行为互动关系的研究框架中,量化通货膨胀对企业行为的影响,扩展了企业商业信用方面的研究,有助于政府和企业更好地应对通货膨胀.     

内部控制质量、经济发展水平与商业信用融资关系研究

本文利用2012-2014年深沪两市上市公司的数据研究发现,企业的内部控制质量和所在经济环境对企业获取商业信用融资具有显著的正面影响,且两种影响力之间存在替代关系,即高内部控制质量的优势可以使它们对经济发展水平的依赖更小.结论表明:对于上市公司来说,特别是所在地区经济发展水平较低的公司,关键在于提高内部控制质量,并根据自身情况衡量披露成本,从而降低融资成本;对于商业信用的提供者来说,了解并评价上市公司的内部控制情况,可以降低商业信用融资风险.     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。