小肽的营养价值及其应用研究进展

小肽一般是指二肽或三肽,小肽饲料就是通过化学或生物方法将本来不适合动物利用的蛋白原料分解,制成含有大量小肽的饲料产品。小肽饲料的营养价值在于小肽的吸收优势和其自身的质量。     

呈味肽研究技术进展

呈味肽作为一种低聚肽,能提高食品风味,改善食品质构。目前的呈味肽主要分为甜味肽、苦味肽、酸味肽、咸味肽和鲜味肽。本文对呈味肽的分类和生产制备进行了综合介绍,以期为呈味肽的研究提供参考。     

大豆降压肽研究进展

从高血压的形成机理,以及能够有效调节血压作用的ACE抑制肽的结构和功能入手,综述了食源性降压肽——大豆降血压肽的研究现状,提出了目前研究中需要解决的一些问题,阐述了大豆降压肽的开发价值和应用前景。     

胶原蛋白肽粉的提取工艺

作为一种新兴的功能型蛋白配料,胶原蛋白肽近年来在国内外受到广泛关注,取得了快速发展。本文主要分析胶原蛋白肽的功能特性以及提取工艺,并提出未来胶原蛋白肽产品的发展趋势,以供相关企业参考。     

生物化学

一种抗氧化活性肽及其制备方法本发明公开了一种抗氧化活性肽及其制备方法,主要是将血红蛋白干粉溶于水中,然后用中性蛋白酶进行水解,再进行脱盐、浓缩、冷冻干燥等即可。本发明抗氧化活性肽抗氧化能力强;本发明纯度高,     

怀山药肽的开发及应用

本文主要综述了怀山药肽的加工工艺流程，怀山药肽的加工特性和生理功能特性，开发研究应用现状及发展前景。     

食品中生物活性肽的色谱分离

由蛋白质水解物所制备的活性肽类食品,具有易消化、易吸收、抗过敏、治疗低血压、降低胆固醇等多种特点和生理功能。随着各种活性肽的生理功能被逐渐发现和认识,加之这方面制品的加工制作更加法律化、制度化、标准化,消费者对活性肽制品会更加认识和接受,活性肽市场会日趋扩大,相信今后会有其他形式、其他功能的活性肽制品进入市场。     

米糠肽的功能活性及其蛋白的应用研究

随着科学的发展和各项研究的深入,在国际范围内,生物活性肽的研发均受到了广泛关注和重视,成为生物高科技领域研究的一个热点课题。米糠肽是一种肽混合物,具有丰富的营养,安全且容易被人体吸收,还具有降血压、降血糖、抗氧化、免疫、抗癌、抗疲劳、降胆固醇等生理活性,展现出较为广阔的应用前景。基于此,本文阐述米糠肽的功能活性,对米糠蛋白的成分进行概括,并对其在食品行业的应用现状进行综述。     

响应面法优化蜂王浆抗氧化肽的制取工艺

本文以蜂王浆为原料,研究了蜂王浆抗氧化肽的最佳制取工艺。通过单因素实验研究了蜂王浆蛋白质水解度(DH)与抗氧化肽羟自由基(·OH)清除率的关系。以水解时间、酶浓度、液料比为试验因素,以·OH清除率为响应值,通过响应面分析法优化抗氧化肽制取工艺。结果表明,蛋白质水解度和多肽的·OH清除率并不遵循相同的规律,只有特定的水解工艺才能得到抗氧化活性强的肽段;水解时间为2.2 h,每克样品中加入酶0.05 g,液料比为67.0时,水解液中多肽的·OH清除率可达54.10%。     

生物活性肽领域重大发明获专利

<正>著名酶法多肽科学家、发明家、武汉九生堂生物科技股份有限公司董事长邹远东获得了"酶法多肽"发明专利证书。这项发明是一种新型肽类免疫剂。此前,九生堂生物董事长邹远东已将此项发明制为口服液,产品名称为"三九蛋白肽口服液",此次获得国家专利授权,标志着中国首个生物活性肽产品将受到国家专利保护。     

Issues which Impact upon Marketing in the Small Firm

Defining the small firm is somewhat arbitrary as criteria used to classify entities as such include size, number of employees, sales volume, asset size, type of customer, capital requirements and market share. There is, however, general agreement that smallness and newness create specific difficulties for business. Furthermore, there is widespread acceptance of the notion that small firms typically possess certain characteristics, which serve to differentiate them from larger organisations. These characteristics include inherent weaknesses with respect to capitalisation and marketing awareness and practice. Small firms are perceived as vulnerable yet valuable entities, important both economically and socially. High failure rates of small firms are largely attributed to weaknesses in financial management and marketing. Many classical management concepts are unsuitable for application in a small firm context, with research suggesting non-implementation of theoretically based marketing practice is the rule rather than the exception in the small firm. This paper reviews issues pertaining to marketing practice in the small firm. It examines the absence of agreed definitions of "the small firm" and "success" or "failure" of such entities, offers definitions for these terms, acknowledges the importance of small firms to the economy, reviews small firm characteristics, acknowledges inherent weaknesses with regard to finance and marketing in small firms, reviews marketing practice in the context of small firm characteristics, and considers the roles of marketing educators and owner/managers in improving small firm's marketing practice.     

互联网金融与小微企业融资模式创新研究

互联网金融正在逐渐成为小微企业融资的新渠道。文章首先归纳了互联网金融与小微企业融资相关研究的国内外研究现状,接下来阐述了互联网金融与小微企业融资模式创新的重要意义,进而分析了互联网金融与小微企业融资的协同合作优势,最后以融资双方的供需对接为标准,把互联网金融与小微企业融资模式分为点对点融资模式、基于大数据的小额贷款融资模式、大众筹资融资模式和电子金融机构-门户融资模式四种主要模式。     

旅游型小城镇的形象定位理论初探

按照小城镇的定义和分类,小城镇应属于行政建制“镇”或“乡”的镇区部分,而旅游型小城镇则应属于专业镇。运用目前国内外常用的测量旅游目的地形象的技术和方法,通过进行资源优势分析和形象替代分析,可对旅游小城镇进行形象定位,以促进我国旅游型小城镇的特色发展。     

Export performance of small firms from small countries: The case of New Zealand

Drawing on traditional models of multinational expansion and organisational learning, Brouthers et al. (J Int Mark 17:21–38, 2009) prescribe that in some circumstances, small firms exporting from small countries should concentrate their exports into a single overseas market. These particular circumstances pertain to small Greek and Caribbean exporters in mature low-technology industries. This research extends this 2009 study to the same size group of small firms in another small country, New Zealand. Model estimation involved multiple regression methods on survey data from 249 small New Zealand exporters. Contrasting with Brouthers et al.’s advice, this study finds that small New Zealand exporters should not concentrate their exports into one or a few overseas markets. Success for these small firms stemmed from higher rates of R&D expenditure and multi-market exporting through company-owned channels in distant markets. These differences reflect the different environments and sample characteristics between the two studies. The paper contextualises further the evidence base on the strategies that small firm owner-managers should pursue and policy makers should promote.     

Does Bank Consolidation Hurt the Small Business Borrower?

The recent wave of mergers in the commercial banking sector in the United States has led to tremendous industry consolidation. Some fear that such consolidation will leave the small business borrower with fewer opportunities to obtain bank credit. This study uses regression analysis to empirically determine if consolidation has caused larger banks to abandon relationship loans extended to small businesses over time. If so, this leaves small business borrowers with two distinctly different choices, a low interest rate loan from a large bank for those small business borrowers who qualify or a high interest rate loan from a small bank for those who do not. The results of this study support this theory, and find consolidation has raised small business loan rates at small banks and lowered rates at large banks, ceteris paribus.     

Gender as a determinant of small business performance: Insights from a British study

The performance of small businesses, that is the ability of small firms to contribute to job and wealth creation through business start-up, survival and growth, has been an important area of policy and academic debate in the 1980s. Surprisingly little has been written about gender and small business performance. Our literature search revealed only a small number of studies of any substance on this subject, though over forty made some mention of it, Most studies shied away from direct examination of quantitative performance measures (such as jobs created, sales turnover, annual growth), tending to concentrate on qualitative measures of success or failure. The paper examines small business performance and gender using data obtained from a survey of 600 (300 women, 300 men) Scottish and English small business ownermanagers, part of a three year study on the impact of gender on small business management. Analyses suggest that the relationship between gender and small business performance is complex, but that gender still appears to be a significant determinant even after other key factors are controlled for.     

Learning Orientation and Performance Satisfaction as Predictors of Small Firm Innovation: The Moderating Role of Gender

Research on innovation in the context of small entrepreneurial firms is limited. Limited available studies on innovation in small firms are devoted mostly to firms operating in knowledge-intensive or technology industries and ignore the vast majority of small firms operating in traditional and less knowledge-intensive sectors of the economy. The rapid pace of technological change and the intensifying environmental turbulence in our economy influence all firms, including the majority of small firms that are perishing at a faster rate. Innovation is a key competitive tool for survival in a turbulent environment. Thus, it is important to understand factors influencing innovation in small firms. In this paper, we explore how learning orientation, a small-firm owner’s satisfaction with firm performance, and the firm owner’s gender influence innovation in small firms. We test the proposed model on a sample of small firms located in the United States of America.     

Changes in the banking system and small business lending

Since small businesses typically rely on small banks as their primary source of financing, there are concerns that the wave of bank consolidation of the 1990s may have reduced the availability of loans to small businesses in the US. Using a panel of state-level banking information over 1993–2002, this paper shows that the Riegle–Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994 reduced the number of small banks, but not the amount of small business lending. We also show that small banks are participating less in small business lending. These results imply that the bank-lending channel of the monetary transmission mechanism became less important in the US in the late 1990s as a result of more firms borrowing from large banks that are less sensitive to monetary shocks.     

Small Business Borrowing and the Bifurcated Economy: Why Quantitative Easing Has Been Ineffective for Small Business

In the early years following the financial collapse, federal officials and others believed that banks were not making loans to creditworthy small firms, who have accounted for most of the job creation in the United States in recent decades. Acting on this belief, a number of programs were created to increase bank lending to small firms. Overall, however, the data collected since the 2007/8 financial crisis suggest that the explanation for slow loan growth in the small business sector is not a result of supply constraints but rather a result of anemic loan demand among small firms. Thus, recent programs intended to increase small business borrowing through easing credit supply were doomed to fail. The weak demand for credit among small firms is representative of the sluggish performance of the small business economy postrecession, a marked contrast to the robust performance of larger firms and a reflection of a bifurcated economy.     

The Significance of Customer Base in the New Economy: Satisfaction and Perceptions of Success among Small Suppliers and Small Nonsuppliers1

Outsourcing of operations from large businesses to small business suppliers has become a prominent feature of the new global economy. This paper compares the perceived success and work satisfaction of small businesses that supply goods and services to other businesses compared with other small businesses. Small business suppliers and their customers may be engaged in a mutually beneficial relationship, or small suppliers may be disadvantaged as a result of the relationship. Using data from interviews with 715 small business operators, partial support was provided for the disadvantaged position. Suppliers had lower perceived business success compared with other small businesses when other variables were controlled. However, there was no difference in job satisfaction.