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市场失灵、政府失灵与住房保障 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
住房市场作为一种特殊的市场,存在着三种不同形式的市场失灵,需要政府干预加以弥补。但同时出现的政府失灵则要求我们不能完全依靠政府去矫正所有的市场缺陷。因此,政府应该从促进市场效率和增进社会公平的角度来介入住房市场,以提供住房保障为核心来定位政府在住房市场中的职能,以市场失灵为起点,以政府失灵为警戒线来确定住房保障的边界。 相似文献
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基于医疗服务行业所具有信息不对称性、行政垄断性、公共品属性及外部效应致使该行业市场失灵与政府失灵同时并存。本文认为垄断、公共产品的供给、信息不对称及外部效应引致了市场失灵的产生;政府的内部效应、寻租活动、政府的低效率及信息不完全导致了政府失灵的产生。本文分析了医疗服务行业中市场失灵和政府失灵的具体表现,并就市场失灵和政府失灵的情况提出了矫正失灵的具体对策。本文认为应该从矫正医疗服务行业的信息不对称、垄断、外部效应、公共产品及优化政府规制等方面矫正其产生的市场失灵。应该从医疗服务行业引入竞争优化垄断竞争格局、加大对公共医疗服务的投入缓解供给短缺及加强制度建设遏制腐败和寻租矫正其产生的政府失灵。 相似文献
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非营利组织的协调失灵及其管制机制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文从交易协调问题和非营利组织的社会经济理论出发,讨论了非营利组织由于其交易特征多样化,存在着市场失灵、互惠失灵和公共失灵的情况。基于非营利组织明确产权分离的特点,我们提出了一种整合不同协调机制的特殊管制机制以消除或减弱协调失灵的影响。在此基础上,提出非营利组织特殊管制机制的能力和效率,是以组织的民主机能为前提条件的。 相似文献
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本文从实际出发,考察了浙江经济发展中几个市场失灵和政府失灵的例子。我们发现在转型的背景下,浙江经济同时存在市场失灵和政府失灵的现象。市场失灵主要表现在长期市场的失灵和公共物品提供上的失灵,政府失灵则主要是由于政治选择所引起。这些都需要政府择机决策,加以克服。 相似文献
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经济学指出,当市场出现不完全竞争、垄断、外部性、信息不对称等情况时,就会出现市场机制的失灵或简称市场失灵,此时必须由一个市场之外的主体——政府站出来,采取种种措施进行管理,以实现资源的有效配置,这是政府对铁路、民航、邮政等垄断行业进行管制的理由。但现实中政府管制的这些垄断行业却效率低下,可见,在市场失灵的垄断行业又同时出现了政府失灵,经营公共产品的垄断行业为 相似文献
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Health, Wealth, Fertility, Education, and Inequality 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The authors use a new cross-country dataset to estimate the strength of the links between different dimensions of social and economic development, including indicators of health, fertility, and education, as well as material wellbeing. This differs from previous studies in employing data for different income groups in each country in order to provide direct evidence on factors driving inequality, and in using a unique measure of material wellbeing that does not rely on PPP comparisons. 相似文献
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A. Myrick Freeman III 《Environmental and Resource Economics》2003,26(3):493-494
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This study provides further evidence of the inflationary efects of the rates of growth of money supply, gross domestic product, efective exchange rate, and imported inflation for Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia using quarterly data from 1964 to 1990. In addition, it examines the Granger causality between inflation and money supply as well as between inflation and the real exchange rate in the countries under consideration. Most of the results are consistent with extant theory and empirical evidence. 相似文献
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Tan Li Larry D. Qiu 《Frontiers of Economics in China》2014,(4):529-555
In this survey, we discuss how intellectual property rights (IPR) protection in the South affects trade flows, foreign direct investment (FDI) flows, and technology transfers from the North to the South. We also discuss optimal IPR policies and their effect on innovation. Our discussion covers both theoretical studies and empirical evidence. This survey is both comprehensive and critical. It aims to give readers the current state of IPR and globalization literature. Some issues have been studied more thoroughly, whereas for others the surface has only been scratched upon. This survey gives readers a clearer picture of the literature and may help them find future research topics. 相似文献
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Thanh Le 《International economic journal》2013,27(3):391-408
This paper empirically investigates the role of trade, remittances, and institutions in economic development in a large sample of developing countries using recently developed instruments for all these variables. Both cross-country (over 30 years) and dynamic panel data (over 5-year periods) regressions of growth rates on instrumented trade, remittances, and institutions provide evidence of a significant impact of trade, institutions, and remittances on growth. While institutions foster growth, remittances hamper it. The effect of trade on growth is positive in cross-sectional regressions but ambiguous in dynamic panel data regressions. These results are indicative of a more important role for trade in explaining growth in the very long run compared with over shorter horizons. 相似文献