试论基督教博爱思想的渊源

爱的思想是许多宗教都曾经探讨过的话题,但是基督教的博爱思想却在很多方面超出了其他宗教,博爱思想不仅是基督教伦理思想的灵魂与核心,而且它在整个基督教文化,以至于西方传统文化中都占有举足轻重的位置,这一伟大思想的形成原因及其深刻的社会历史背景的分析,能帮助我们更好的理解基督教文化及其存在的意义与价值。     

社会企业家的道德人格探析

道德人格对社会企业家内在的道德价值与外在的伦理行为具有潜移默化的规约作用。文章在叙述社会企业家与道德人格概念的基础上,试着对社会企业家的道德人格特质进行了探讨,并提出了完善社会企业家道德人格的些许建议。     

A Positive Theory of Moral Management, Social Pressure, and Corporate Social Performance

This paper provides a theory of firm behavior motivated by moral duty, self-interest, and social pressure. A morally managed and a self-interested firm compete in a market in which their corporate social performance (CSP) provides product differentiation. Some citizens have altruistic or warm glow preferences for products with associated CSP, personal giving to social causes, holding shares in firms providing CSP, and contributing to social pressure to increase CSP. Social pressure is delivered by an activist NGO funded by voluntary contributions by citizens. The model characterizes an equilibrium in the product market, the capital market, and the market for social pressure. The equilibrium establishes a price for CSP and for activist-induced social pressure. The theory provides predictions of the market values of firms, the prices of products, firm profits, target selection, contributions to the activist, and the amount of CSP supplied. For example, if citizens do not distinguish between morally motivated CSP and CSP induced by social pressure, the activist is more likely to target the softer, morally motivated firm. Higher quality activists are better funded, target self-interested firms, and obtain greater corporate social performance. Lower quality activists target morally managed firms.     

Noneconomic Objectives in the History of Economic Thought

A bstract .   Noneconomic objectives were a significant part of the international economics subspecialty in economics.     

Introduction to a Debate on City-Regions: New Geographies of Governance,Democracy and Social Reproduction

In this introduction to a special Debates and Developments forum on city-regions, we argue that the recent revival of interest in city-regions has been constructed around a rather narrow set of empirical and theoretical issues relating to exchange, interspatial competition and globalization. The ‘new’ city-regionalism results in a reification of the city-region as an autonomous political agent of the global space economy. We outline an alternative approach to investigating and understanding geographies of city-regionalism, highlighting: a politics of governance and state re-territorialization around the city-region; the role of democracy and citizenship in city-region politics; and tensions around social reproduction and sustainability across the city-region.     

大唐岩滩水力发电有限责任公司落实社会责任问题的思考

电力生产企业库区存在移民问题并亟待解决,确保电力生产周边环境稳定是构建和谐社会的重要内容,电力生产企业主动履行社会职责是义不容辞的责任,承担社会责任重在解决实际问题.     

大唐岩滩水力发电有限责任公司落实社会责任问题的思考

电力生产企业库区存在移民问题并亟待解决,确保电力生产周边环境稳定是构建和谐社会的重要内容,电力生产企业主动履行社会职责是义不容辞的责任,承担社会责任重在解决实际问题。     

试论企业家社会责任行为的道德动因

随着我国经济的飞速发展,当今社会频繁出现企业家道德良知丧失、企业诚信匮乏与环境污染加剧等有碍社会发展的不和谐现象。这些问题的症结所在,大多可归结为企业家社会责任行为的缺乏。通过微观层面与宏观层面的分析,我们可以对企业家社会责任行为的道德动因略作了解,还望能对学者们更深入的研究有所裨益。     

我国实施债转股面临的道德风险及防范思路

国有企业实施债转股过程中面临的所谓道德风险(或败德行为)指的是由于信息不对称,合同不完备及合同实施障碍等原因导致的当事人在追求自身利益或效用的同时损害他人或社会利益的一种机会主义行为。这里所说的道德风险不是一个道德问题,而是一种经济行为,当事人产生道德风险并不意味着缺乏道德,而是缺乏相应的激励机制与约束机制。在当     

Cournot vs. Walras: A reappraisal through simulations

Best-reply behavior in Cournot oligopolies generally leads to Cournot-Nash equilibrium, but imitative behavior selects the Walrasian equilibrium as the unique stochastically stable state. Previous work (Alós-Ferrer, 2004) showed that in the presence of memory, imitative behavior leads to a non-trivial dynamics selecting all quantities between the Cournot and Walrasian outcomes. However, the scope of previous results was limited to specific assumptions on demand and cost functions, and did not provide information on the shape of the distribution of outcomes. We use computational simulations to address these limitations. We show that the selection result for non-trivial memory holds beyond the set of well-behaved Cournot games previously analyzed. Further, we find that, in Cournot games, the limit distribution of long-run outcomes is highly skewed towards the Walrasian quantity. Although longer memory increases the importance of the Cournot equilibrium, the competitive outcome remains the dominant prediction.     

路劲与顺驰:整合之痛

虽然当下开发商的资金紧张给实力地产企业并购其他"弱势房企"增加了机会,但企业之间的并购绝非"大鱼吃小鱼"那么简单。整合一些管理制度存在缺陷的企业,究竟是机会还是陷阱,现在还很难判断     

The Male-Female Comparable Worth Debate: Alternative Economics Perspectives on an Issue That Cuts Across the Social Sciences

Abstract . Writers and speakers on the “comparable worth” or “pay equity” issue refer to “the economic view” but there is no such consensus. Three major paradigms exist in labor economics, the neoclassical, the “radical” or Marxian or Neomarxian, and the institutional Each differs in philosophical orientation, employs different analytical methods, and leads to different policy implications. On the issue of pay equity for women their views are contrasted; differences center on how successfully the market extends full options of choice. The analysis indicates that incremental advances in the direction of pay equity are to be expected, given present incentives in the private sector and less economic constraints in the public sector, provided women continue economic, legal, and political pressure. Surveying The Literature on the comparable worth or pay equity debate, one often encounters reference to the economic view. In reality however, three major paradigms exist in labor economics today; the prevailing neoclassical paradigm, the radical or Marxian view, and the institutional approach. While the three can be viewed as sharing common objectives (to describe, to predict, and to prescribe) they approach issues from different philosophical frameworks, employ different analytical tools, and lead to very different policy implications. Examining the pay equity issue from the perspectives of the three paradigms suggests different insights into the issue than that usually labelled the economic view.     

Globalization vs. Europeanization: A Business Cycles Race*

This paper examines the relative cyclical affiliation in six industrialized economies. While the broad conclusions are consistent with the existing literature, the proposed empirical framework is not based on correlations and permits the analysis of relative groupwise synchronization under very few assumptions. The results allow us to conclude that an English‐speaking club (Canada, UK, USA) is emerging in the last decades, whereas explicit and formal commitments seem to have had a relatively weaker power in determining Euro‐zone (France, Germany, Italy) business cycle comovements. Altogether, the business cycle race is a cause for concern as regards the entry of the UK into the Euro‐zone.     

Homevoters vs. leasevoters: A spatial analysis of airport effects

We use a public referendum on a new aviation concept in Berlin, Germany, as a natural experiment to analyze how the interaction of tenure and capitalization effects influences the outcome of direct democracy processes. We distinguish between homevoters, i.e., voters who are homeowners, and leasevoters, i.e., voters who lease their homes. We expect that homevoters would be more likely to support initiatives that positively affect the amenity value of a neighborhood because some of the related benefits of leasevoters are neutralized by adjustments in market rents. Likewise, homevoters would be more likely to oppose initiatives that negatively affect the amenity value of a neighborhood. Our empirical results are consistent with these expectations, implying that public votes on local public goods do not necessarily reflect the spatial distribution of welfare effects in mixed-tenure environments.     

社会保障税的税制思考

开征社会保障税势在必行。作为筹集社会保险资金的主要途径,社会保障税具有强制性和固定性,在社会、经济发展过程中起着特殊的作用。社会保障税的设计要充分考虑劳动者和政府的利益。结合一些国际经验和我国的实际情况,对符合我国国情的社会保障税制基本框架作一些研究和探索。     

Paradigms and Novelty in Economics: The History of Economic Thought as a Source of Enlightenment

Over time, economics has experienced paradigm shifts, and there is every reason to think this will continue. In economics, as in the development of technological knowledge, paradigms do not emerge from nowhere, but build on precursors, possibly from other fields. Our understanding of current economic thinking can be enhanced by paying greater attention to the role of paradigms and by using concepts such as myth, plot structure, and cultural endowment, which are typically given greater attention by literary analysts than by economists, to study paradigms. Here we argue that together these can help us better understand how ideas from other times and fields may be combined with our own to generate better research and publications, and that a greater awareness of the history of economics may well be an excellent vehicle for enhancing that understanding.     

Voting in the U.S. House on Abortion Funding Issues

A bstract . The Supreme Court's ruling in Webster v. Reproductive Health Services increased the political saliency of the abortion issue. Since pro-choice and pro-life groups within the constituencies of U.S. legislators paid closer attention to abortion-related roll call votes after Webster, the legislators' voting behavior on such issues might have changed as a result of the decision. Accordingly, voting model estimates for abortion funding issues before and after Webster are used to examine changes in the role of legislators' personal policy preferences and the role of policy preferences among their constituency on voting on this issue. The results show that legislators, to some extent, vote according to their personal preferences on abortion funding issues. Moreover, the influence of personal preferences on voting behavior did not change substantially after Webster, despite the change in the outcome of the vote.