国外网络旅游信息搜寻研究进展与启示

文章通过对国外近15年来相关文献的分析,发现国外关于网络旅游信息搜寻的研究起步较早,研究视角较宽泛,理论研究与方法应用较为成熟。研究重点主要集中在网络旅游信息需求与搜寻动机、搜寻内容偏好、搜寻行为特征、搜寻者特性和网络旅游信息源等5个方面。研究方法上,注重定性与定量方法的有机结合,并借助先进的网络软件和技术,研究结论更具科学性和说服力。最后,基于国外研究现状,展望未来研究方向,以期为国内相关研究与实践提供借鉴。     

旅游动机、目的地形象与旅游者期望

文章构建了旅游动机、目的地形象和旅游者期望关系的概念模型,以大陆居民赴香港旅游者为研究对象,采用结构方程模型(SEM)验证旅游动机、目的地形象与旅游者期望之间的关系。研究结果表明:(1)目的地的认知形象显著影响情感形象;(2)旅游动机直接正向影响目的地的认知形象和旅游者期望,并通过目的地的认知形象对旅游者期望产生间接影响;(3)目的地的认知形象直接正向影响目的地的情感形象和旅游者期望,并通过目的地的情感形象对旅游者期望产生间接影响。     

基于旅游动机的旅游者聚类研究——以河南省开封市居民的国内旅游为例

本文基于对开封市城市居民的1000多份问卷调查,运用因子分析、聚类分析、方差分析和其他非参数分析及检验方法进行定量分析,得出了城市居民出游动机的8个基本维度.通过对8项动机因子的聚类分析,可以将出游者分为消极出游者、积极出游者、注重感情的顺便游览型出游者和精神享受型出游者4种类型.文章进一步探讨了旅游者类型和年龄、家庭月均收入、性别、个人月均收入、文化程度、职业、家庭人口、花费构成和出游满意程度等方面的关系.     

旅游市场信息不对称与旅游者权益保护

旅游市场信息不对称是导致旅游权益受侵害的重要原因之一,要保护旅游者权益,应消除信息不对称现象,建立对旅游者的信息支持制度,信息支持制度包括规范旅游企业的信息提供行为,建立旅游者信息服务系统,提供旅游产品质量信息三方面。     

旅游者网络社区的功能与市场意义研究

本文通过对旅游者网络社区大量原始文本的定性分析,揭示了旅游者网络社区所存在的三大功能,即旅游信息资源积累和查询功能、旅游咨询功能、旅游组织功能;进一步分析了旅游者网络社区对于旅游网站和旅游信息化建设的意义,以及在旅游迅速发展特别是自助旅游成为主导趋势的时代对于旅游消费行为的培养,和在旅游市场竞争中所起的宣传和优胜劣汰作用.     

巴马国内旅游者空间行为研究

本文通过实地问卷调查,系统研究了巴马国内旅游者空间行为,包括客源市场构成、游憩活动空间结构和空间行为模式等内容,得到如下规律和结论:巴马国内旅游者比重随年龄增长有递增趋势,度假旅游和观光旅游都占有一定比重;巴马国内客源市场分布广泛,但集中度偏高,客流空间使用曲线呈Maxwell-Boltzman曲线和U型曲线的复合,同时具有一定的分段性,出现多次波动;旅游者到巴马最主要体验长寿养生游,大中小尺度游客都集中选择级别高、独特性强的景区,倾向选择住在景区及附近的养生公寓和农家旅馆。     

对国内旅游者的旅游商品需求差异性研究--以西安市旅游商品市场为例

文章从旅游商品在旅游产业发展中的重要地位出发,通过对近年来国内外学者对旅游商品市场的研究回顾,结合我国旅游商品业发展中存在的实际问题,以西安旅游商品市场为例,对国内旅游者的旅游商品需求进行问卷调查。经过问卷整理、筛选和统计分析,对旅游者的旅游商品需求差异性进行假设检验;并在此实证研究的基础上。对西安旅游商品业的发展提出相应的对策建议。     

中外国际旅游城市网络旅游信息国际友好度比较研究

随着国际旅游业的发展,我国许多城市明确提出了建设国际旅游城市的发展目标.本文尝试提出网络营销国际友好度的概念,从英文旅游信息总量、英文旅游信息质量,以及各旅游城市的官方旅游网站的国际友好度,来分析世界知名的国际旅游城市与我国国际旅游城市网络营销时面对境外游客所呈现出来的信息友好程度.通过对比,分析中外国际旅游城市在互联网上面向全球客源进行竞争和宣传的不同和相似,帮助国内旅游城市在走向国际化的过程中,能够有效运用国际互联网构建一个长期高效的对外旅游信息体系,降低开拓国际旅游的成本,吸引更多的海外游客.     

游客信息搜寻的人际关系来源选择及影响因素研究

游客信息搜寻行为一直是旅游学界研究的重点。信息时代,在线信息源已成为第一大信息源,但人际关系信息仍是重要的信息源之一。文章从成本-收益理论和关系传播理论的视角出发,利用结构方程模型分析人际信息源选择、关系强度和感知信息质量之间的结构关系。研究发现:在游客的人际关系来源信息搜寻中,游客同时具有信息动机和关系动机;强连带关系来源是游客信息搜寻的重点,其中,朋友这一关系类型在信息来源中所占比重最大;人际关系源信息搜寻对象还表现出性别同质性和年龄同质性的特征;关系强度、感知信息质量和感知关系收益是影响游客人际关系信息源选择行为的主要因素,关系强度越大,感知信息质量越高,感知关系收益越大,游客对此信息源的选择越强。文章将关系传播理论引入人际关系源旅游信息搜寻研究中,丰富了关系传播学理论在旅游信息领域中的运用。在实践层面,企业在旅游营销中应更加关注游客在信息搜寻中的社会性和交互性需求。     

The Past,Present, and Future Research of Online Information Search

SUMMARY

Information technology has rapidly developed and accordingly online information search is increasingly important to both travelers and travel marketers. Despite the importance, there has not been given much attention to online information search behavior in the travel and tourism field. To stress the importance and urge researchers in advancing this area of research, this study briefly reviews (1) traditional views of information search, (2) the distinct features of online information search, (3) online benefits to travelers and marketers, and (4) online concerns and opportunities. In addition, potential issues on future research are suggested.     

Big Five Factors of Personality and Tourists' Internet Search Behavior

This study aimed at relating tourists' Internet search behaviors and the Big Five Factors (BFF) of personality to identify personality items that better predict tourists' Internet search behaviors. Survey data from domestic tourists to a metropolitan city in South Korea was used to empirically examine the relationships. Results indicate that travel information sought through the Internet vary with the BFF with the exception of extraversion, and the Internet channels used for travel information search also varied with the BFF with the exception of conscientiousness. The Internet is more widely used as a source of travel information but less for travel purchases. The results also suggest that the responses to some BFF items can substantially improve the predictability of tourists' Internet search behaviors. Implications for the use of the BFF in designing travel information systems are addressed.     

Cave Tourism: Tourists' Characteristics,Motivations to Visit,and the Segmentation of Their Behavior

Geotourism is one among many types of ecotourism or nature tourism. Cave tourism within geotourism has gained popularity in Korea. The study's objectives include cave tourists' characteristics, segmenting them according to motivation factors, and finally identifying who they are. The sample population for this research consisted of tourists who have visited the Hwansun Cave in Samchuk City. Among a total of 547 questionnaires distributed, 537 questionnaires were used for further data analyses. On the basis of cluster analysis using the motivation factors, cluster 1 was named an “escape-seeking group”, cluster 2 was termed a “knowledge- and novelty-seeking group”, cluster 3 was called a “novelty-seeking group” and cluster 4 was termed a “socialization group”. Differences in socio-demographic variables, beliefs about cave tourism resources, preferred cave tourism products, satisfaction with this tour, willingness to participate in another cave tour and belief in the value of cave tourism resources were found among the four clusters. The study's findings were expected to be helpful in understanding who they are.     

Online Information Search Strategies: A Focus On Flights and Accommodations

The problem of the research was to understand information search strategies that individuals utilized in online travel product purchases. Two products, flights and accommodations, were selected to examine each product's explanatory variables in online purchase behaviors. The results indicate online flight purchasers utilize direct information sources and focus on transactional attributes. Online accommodation purchasers utilize various types of sources; and they focus not only on transactional, but also informational and branding attributes. The study results support the constructive consumer choice processes theory and suggest some marketing tips for the airline and lodging industries.     

An Investigation of Gen-Y's Online Hotel Information Search: The Case of Hong Kong

The Internet has made searching for hotel room information and making online reservations common practices among hotel guests. Despite constantly changing consumer behavior and widespread application of online hotel information sources, limited studies have been conducted to examine the online sources used frequently by customers and the related attributes of such sources. As such, drawing from an online questionnaire survey with 205 respondents, findings in this study indicate that there are no socio-demographic effects on future purchase intention of Generation (Gen) Y travelers. Moreover, websites of suppliers (e.g. official websites of hotels), travel intermediaries (e.g. Hotels.com), and social media (e.g. TripAdvisor) are the three major types of websites used by Gen Y hotel guests. Travel intermediary websites are often used to search for hotel information, whereas social media websites are used to make reservations. Based on these findings, implications for hotel managers are discussed.     

Information Search Behavior and Tourist Characteristics

SUMMARY

The Internet as a new form of media is impacting tourist information provision and acquisition. A better understanding of the use of the Internet and other information sources by tourists will benefit the marketing efforts of destination organizations. Based on a general consumer behavior theory by Berkman and Gilson (1986), this study examined the relationships between tourists' use of the Internet vs. other information sources and their characteristics. It was found that demographic characteristics of gender and household income and situational factors of trip purpose and travel party type were significantly related to tourists' choices of information sources; and such behavior was associated with their trip outcomes of accommodation types and expenditure. The study's implications were discussed in the context of destination marketing.     

The Influence of Tourists' Characteristics on Ratings of Information Sources for an Attraction

Information sources about a product or service potentially affect a tourist's purchase decision. The characteristics of tourists influence the manner in which they search for, rate, and use information about tourism related products or services. The purpose of this paper is to determine the relationship between the characteristics of visitors to an attraction and information source importance ratings. It concludes that word-of-mouth information is rated most important, followed by past experience and other media sources. Additionally, several demographic and trip characteristics are related to rating of information sources, as are visitor motives.