国有商业银行公司治理结构研究——基于利益相关者理论

在当前面临外资银行激烈竞争的新形势下,根据我国国有商业银行改革与发展的特殊性,从利益相关者理论出发,提出构建和完善我国国有商业银行公司治理结构应充分考虑各利益相关群体的利益,实施利益相关者治理。     

利益相关者责任与公司财务治理

在财务理论里面,传统的观念将股东置于企业中一个非常高的位置,公司的财务目标是股东利益最大化。但是,越来越多的公司经营权和所有权是分离的,外加利益相关者财务理论的指导,公司财务治理主体越来越多元化,只有通过共同协商多边谈判来实现,加强利益相关者和市场的合作,达到均衡利益相关者各方面的收入。本文基于利益相关者财务治理的相关理论,在分析我国公司财务治理现存问题的基础上,提出了相关机制的构建与优化方式,以促进利益相关者有效地参与公司的财务治理,为利益相关者财务治理实践提供理论指导。     

利益相关者的共同治理主体及边界确定的经济学分析

将利益相关者纳入到公司内部治理这个单一框架下,构建一个有效率的公司治理,笔者认为很难使公司目标和利益相关者二者整合。本文试图从公司的目标分析入手,首先确定在公司目标约束下的公司治理目标,在此基础上分析哪些利益相关者能成为公司治理的主体,并动态地分析其演变过程。同时构建一个实现利益相关者利益的外部治理结构,探讨利益相关者利益的实现途径,从而在公司治理内部机制和外部治理机制的双框架下,达到利益相关者共同治理目标的统一和整合。     

基于利益相关者的企业业绩评价指标设计

现代企业已由单边治理模式逐渐转为多边共同治理模式,对企业进行综合评价时,也需要考虑各利益相关者需求的均衡。本文以企业价值最大化为总体目标,以利益相关者理论为指导思想,通过分析利益相关者与企业绩效的关系,构建了企业绩效评价指标的框架,提出了一套基于利益相关者角度的绩效评价指标体系。     

基于利益相关者理论的公司治理模式研究

本文分析了利益相关者理论参与公司治理的理论基础,从利益相关者理论对公司治理结构、公司绩效评价、公司管理的正负效应三个方面,分析了利益相关者理论对公司治理的影响,最后对利益相关者理论引入后我国公司治理模式构建提出了对策建议.     

利益相关者理论下公司治理主体的确定

利益相关者理论主张寻求一种利益的均衡,要求公司的治理主体扩大到包括股东在内的各利益相关者,这与传统的“股东至上”理论产生了冲突。利益相关者理论强调利益均衡有可能会导致效率的损失,其还面临着实际运作中的各种问题。作为公司治理主体必须具备相应的动机和能力,本文认为利益相关者理论下治理主体应包括以股东为主的各核心利益相关者。     

论利益相关者共同治理机制的建构

利益相关者共同治理是现代企业治理的一种新思维，目前仍处于理论探索和实践尝试的阶段。本文从董事会职责的调整、利益相关者的保护范围和力度、以及核心利益相关者参与公司董事会、监事会三个方面，具体阐述了利益相关者共同治理机制的构建，希望对理论和实践有所裨益。     

从共同治理视角看现行财务分析体系缺陷

随着当前经济的迅速发展,企业不再是股东的私有物品,转而成为各利益相关者共同拥有并共同治理的价值创造体。在此情况下,现有财务分析体系能否满足各利益相关者财务分析目标值得探讨。经过整理分析可以发现,现行财务分析体系有很多,但主要是基于单边治理的,并忽略了企业员工、社会公众等弱势利益相关者参与治理时对财务分析提供信息的要求,而且这些分析体系之间联系并不紧密,这无疑不利于实现共同治理,不利于充分发挥企业的价值创造能力。因此,构建基于共同治理视角的综合性财务分析体系十分必要。     

企业社会责任视角的公司治理研究

企业社会责任导向下的公司治理问题已成为国内公司治理研究的一个新的趋势。以利益相关者理论为连接纽带,社会责任恰到好处的融入到公司治理机制之中,并由此建立起各利益相关者共同参与的公司治理模式是一种利人利己的最优抉择。以社会责任为视角,探讨如何建立四大利益相关者共同参与的公司治理机制。     

利益相关者参与公司治理及对会计政策选择的影响分析

本文分析了利益相关者参与公司治理的重要作用及其对会计政策选择的影响,并提出正确处理公司各利益相关者的关系,完善公司治理结构,实现会计政策选择的效率性的对策.     

The bottom-line benefits of ethics code commitment

Recent corporate scandals highlight that an exclusive focus on financial performance, to the exclusion of broader stakeholder-related performance criteria, can be detrimental to overall firm value creation. Among the ways to enhance leaders’ focus on stakeholder value creation is the development and executive championing of an effective code of ethics. Such “Ethics Code Commitment” (ECC)—which incorporates characteristics of the code and behaviors by top management—affects a broad number of organizational stakeholders, yielding value for them, thus increasing their psychological and/or financial commitment to the organization while strengthening the firm's corporate culture. This article develops a model highlighting the various benefits of ECC to key stakeholders and the subsequent effects on an organization's culture and competitiveness. In particular, we focus on the need to include community leaders and key employees in the ethics code development process; the importance of moving away from a purely legalistic document to one that inspires stakeholders; the importance of linking ethics to strategy; and managerial approaches that can enhance the effectiveness of the code of ethics through ethics-related dialog. When developed and implemented correctly, ECC can prove to be an important source of competitive advantage via the effects it has on relationships between the firm and key stakeholders.     

The cultural system and integrated reporting

The complexity of the business world has led to growing demands being made of companies regarding the information provided on their financial performance, management, corporate governance and sustainability record. In response, some leading companies have begun to publish integrated reporting, in the form of a document providing a coherent summary of this information, thus facilitating decision-taking by different stakeholders.The aim of this study is to examine the impact of the Hofstede national cultural system, which is representative of the values of local stakeholders, on integrated reporting, in comparison with the provision of various unrelated documents on corporate performance. The results obtained show that companies located in societies with stronger collectivist and feminist values are in the vanguard of information integration.     

企业资源聚集视角下的利益相关者财务控制权配置

财务控制权配置是财务治理的核心内容。合理的财务控制权安排可以抑制内部人的道德风险,优化公司治理结构。本文从企业资源聚集的角度,构造企业利益相关者的经济效用函数并分析其特征,认为利益相关者之间是相互依存的动态竞争关系,企业的财务控制权应按照以股东为主导的各利益相关者共同分享的模式来分层次配置。     

Corporate Governance and the Responsibility of the Board of Directors for Strategic Financial Reporting

One of the fundamental principles of good corporate governance is transparency, i.e., the disclosure of private information to external stakeholders, so that they may make judgments and decisions relating to the corporation. Equally important, but less discussed, is the competing value that corporations need to protect legitimate secrets. Corporations thus need a communication strategy for dealing with external stakeholders which addresses the conflict between disclosure and secrecy. This article focuses on an important element of that communication strategy in the context of financial reporting: the possibility that corporate insiders may consider it in their interest, or in the interest of specific stakeholders, to alter or manipulate the financial information that it discloses publicly. Using concepts from the corporate governance and financial reporting literatures, it addresses the ethical question of who (management or the board of directors) should be responsible for making the fundamental strategic choices whether and (if so) how the corporation alters or manipulates the financial information. This article argues that the board of directors is responsible for formulating (and monitoring) the corporation's communication strategy, and that management is responsible for carrying it out.     

Impact of Digital Transformation on Value Creation in Fintech Services: An Innovative Approach

The aim of this article is to indicate economic and financial characteristics of financial technology, or fintech, that contribute to value creation in the financial services industry. This study presents a theory of digital transformations and elements of ecosystems theory and connecting them to fintech issues. Building from the DIPLOM model of corporate diplomacy. Corporate diplomacy. Building reputations and relationships with external stakeholders. Sheffield UK: Greenleaf Publishing Limited, this article proposes the DIPLOMA model with seven elements of fintech best practice, that are, Digital, Innovation, Pricing, Learning, Openness, Modernity, and Agility. This article stresses on practical insights to provide tool to enable stakeholders create value on fintech.     

Approaches to investor relations: implementation in the British context

This paper reports on an empirical study conducted in British organizations focusing on the role of investor relations as part of a coordinated marketing communications strategy. Consequently, this study considers the greatly neglected research area of the management of relationships between national and international organizations and both investors and those others who might consider themselves significant financial stakeholders. It examines the organizational role of investor relations within a coordinated communication programme and suggests that communication with financial stakeholders has a significant role to play as part of a developed corporate communication strategy.     

Multiple stakeholders and middle managers: the role of the hotel financial controller

This article explores the key characteristics of the specific stakeholders for one type of middle manager, the hotel financial controller. Eleven semi-structured interviews among financial personnel showed that although some owners require on-going profits and have high expectations of middle managers, others may take a more long-term view and be less demanding. Head offices provide systems and services for the unit, but a lack of efficiency and strategic planning affects the ability of managers to do their job. The middle manager must take a proactive intrapreneurial approach in communicating and implementing corporate strategic decisions within the unit and in managing the multiple stakeholders, but in return requires more guidance, resources and support from senior management.     

统计分析在企业财务管理中的运用

随着市场竞争的加剧,企业管理者及外部利益相关者越来越需要第一时间准确掌握企业的经营成果与财务状况,这就对企业财务管理提出了更高要求.为让企业经营活动中产生的大量数据及时向信息需要者提供决策信息,需要运用统计分析这一重要手段完成数据分析,让统计分析在企业筹资、投资、财务分析等财务管理中发挥作用,从而提高企业财务的管理效率.     

Which Dimensions of Social Responsibility Concern Financial Investors?

Social and environmental ratings provided by social rating agencies are multidimensional. The first goal of our paper is to identify a small number of independent and relevant socially responsible (SR) dimensions reflecting a firms’ coherent posture toward social issues. We put forward that these dimensions are not exactly the same as the ESG ones (Environment, Social, and Governance). Using the six sub-ratings provided by the Vigeo rating agency, we perform a principal component analysis and we highlight three main independent SR dimensions related to (1) business stakeholders (employees, customers, and suppliers), (2) societal stakeholders (environment and society), and (3) financial stakeholders (stockholders and debt holders). The second objective of our paper is to explore the link between stock returns and these three SR dimensions. Our most notable finding is that for each SR dimension, investors ask for an additional risk premium when they accept to hold non-socially responsible stocks. The cost of equity is thus lower for SR firms. The average premium over the period 2003–2010 is larger for the components “business stakeholders” and “financial stakeholders” than for the component “societal stakeholders.” The premium for this last component has only existed since the end of 2008. Since that time, environment and community involvement have become important risk factors strongly considered by investors. For the three dimensions, investors notably penalize large non-social firms and reward small social firms.