进口冷轧SUS304不锈钢理化性能分析

[目的]对进口冷轧奥氏体不锈钢理化性能的总体情况作科学分析和评价,以找准进口不锈钢检验检测工作重点,实现检测工作的快速和高效.[方法]建立上海口岸2003年6月至2006年6月问进口的冷轧SUS304不锈钢的理化性能测试结果数据库,并采用国际流行的SPSS统计分析软件进行综合分析,[结果]发现SUS304不锈钢中C、S、Si元素分布较均匀,P元素呈负偏态分布,Mn、Ni、Cr元素分散性较大,呈正偏态分布,不锈钢的力学性能趋近正态分布,性能稳定.[结论]进口SUS304不锈钢板的主要化学成分的均值均符合技术要求,进口冷轧SUS304不锈钢的力学性能均值均满足技术要求,都趋近正态分布,进口不锈钢的力学性能稳定.在进口不锈钢的检验工作中应重点注意P、Mn、Ni和Cr元素的检测,SPSS软件的分析结果是科学和可靠的.     

进口铁素体不锈钢棒失效分析

[目的]找出空调四通换向阀产品封头-铁素体不锈钢棒材开裂失效的原因.[方法]通过金相、SEM和EDAX等先进显微分析技术及化学成份和机械性能检测等方法对封头-进口铁素体不锈钢棒进行检验和分析.[结果]进口铁素体不锈钢棒材内部存在有大量的沿轴向分布的硫化锰夹杂物.[结论]大量的轴向分布硫化锰夹杂物的存在是封头开裂失效的主要原因.     

THE COST OF ILLIQUIDITY AND ITS EFFECTS ON HEDGING

Though liquidity is commonly believed to be a major effect in financial markets, there appears to be no consensus definition of what it is or how it is to be measured. In this paper, we understand liquidity as a nonlinear transaction cost incurred as a function of rate of change of portfolio. Using this definition, we obtain the optimal hedging policy for the hedging of a call option in a Black‐Scholes model. This is a more challenging question than the more common studies of optimal strategy for liquidating an initial position, because our goal requires us to match a random final value. The solution we obtain reduces in the case of quadratic loss to the solution of three partial differential equations of Black‐Scholes type, one of them nonlinear.     

THE EFFECTS OF LENIENCY PROGRAMS AND FINES ON CARTEL STABILITY

Using a stylized oligopoly model, we analyze the effect of cartel deterring fines, taking into consideration exemptions granted to cartel members cooperating with the competition authorities. We conclude that the fines can act as a deterrent to breaking collusive agreements, thus stabilizing the cartel.     

进口红土镍矿中有毒有害元素对环境安全的影响

通过对进口的红土镍矿中有毒有害元素含量的分析,发现进口红土镍矿中Hg、Pb、Zn的含量水平均在可接受范围内,但部分红土镍矿中Cr、Cd、As的含量较高,存在不同程度的环境污染风险,尤其是Cd与As存在更大的环境污染风险,应引起高度关注,并采取适当的控制措施。     

卢浦大桥结构用钢板力学性能数理统计分析

[目的]通过对卢浦大桥建设用钢板的力学性能测试值进行分析和研究,对国产钢板性能及其稳定性作出评价,进行对卢浦大桥质量作出评价、研究.[方法]本文对卢浦大桥建设用钢板S355N和S355NZ25钢板的4万多个力学性能测试值进行了数理统计分析和钢板合金元素的冶金学分析.[结果]我国自主研发和生产的S355N和S355NZ25钢板材质均匀、塑性好、韧性很好和可焊性好.[结论]卢浦大桥建设用钢板S355N和S355NZ25钢板性能达到了国际同类桥梁用钢板的先进水平.     

入境废塑料加工处理对水环境的影响

[目的]研究入境废塑料加工处理过程对水环境的影响,以建立相应的检验检疫标准,防止含有有毒有害物质的废塑料入境。[方法]参考国家有关标准,对入境废塑料清洗废水的化学需氧量、pH值、重金属、半挥发有机物等进行检测分析。[结果]废水中的化学需氧量严重超标,并检测到我国现有污水排放标准中未明确规定限量的有毒有害物质双（2-乙基己基）酞酸酯。     

THE UNEQUALIZING EFFECTS OF ICT ON ECONOMIC GROWTH

We analyse the effects of information and communication technology (ICT) on levels and growth of per capita GDP in two different ways: (1) by treating ICT as a specific type of physical capital and as a variable that helps to correct for quality existing physical capital measures, and (2) by considering that telephone lines, personal computers and internet hosts are ‘bottleneck‐reducing’ factors that increase the productivity of labour by making easier the diffusion and processing of (non‐rivalrous and almost non‐excludable) knowledge. We compare the relative significance of the two hypotheses in level and growth estimates and find that, when separately taken, both of them improve upon the classical Mankiw et al. (Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 107 (1992), pp. 407–437)/Islam (Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 110 (1995), pp. 1127–1169) framework. These findings show that our approach captures dimensions of time‐varying country‐specific technological progress that previous approaches in the literature did not take into account.     

A NOTE ON THE EFFECTS OF TAXES ON OPTIMAL INVESTMENT

We integrate two approaches to portfolio management problems: that of Morton and Pliska (1995) for a portfolio with risky and riskless assets under transaction costs, and that of Cadenillas and Pliska (1999) for a portfolio with a risky asset under taxes and transaction costs. In particular, we show that the two surprising results of the latter paper, results shown for a taxable market consisting of only a single security, extend to a financial market with one risky asset and one bond: it can be optimal to realize not only losses but also gains, and sometimes the investor prefers a positive tax rate.