Call Warrant Listing and the Behavior of its Underlying Spot Market: Some Evidence from Bursa Malaysia

This study investigates the call warrant listing impact on its underlying stock based on Malaysian stock market. The study indicates that call warrant listing has no significant impact on the return, volatility, and bid-ask spread of its underlying stock. However, its trading volume tends to be higher in the post event period. The results suggest that (1) the diversion of trade from spot to warrant market is nonexistent, (2) call warrant does not expand the opportunity set for investors, (3) it is fair to use historical data in volatility estimation for the purpose of asset pricing based on Malaysian context.     

Options pricing and short-selling in the underlying: Evidence from India

This study provides new insights into certain recent developments in derivatives trading in India. Specifically, it examines the implications of introduction of short-selling for pricing efficiency of the Nifty 50 index derivative contracts of National Stock Exchange of India. The empirical results suggest that the introduction of short-selling, supported by a well-functioning security lending and borrowing market, has significantly reduced the overpricing of Nifty 50 index put options. Moreover, the introduction of this short-selling mechanism has lessened the underpricing of Nifty 50 index futures.     

Country Portfolio and Taxation: Evidence from Japan

Journal of Business Ethics - This study investigates the conditions under which host country portfolios are more likely to regularize corporate tax behavior. We use a sample comprising data on...     

Institutional Ownership and Private Equity Placements: Evidence from Chinese Listed Firms

This paper examines the impact of institutional ownership on the performance of private equity placements (PEPs) for listed firms in China. We find that the presence of institutional investors can alleviate the information asymmetries between listed firms and the market. The market reaction to PEP announcements is significantly smaller if there is a higher portion of institutional shareholdings. Long‐term firm operational performance after PEPs is positively correlated with institutional shareholdings. Moreover, we find that the relationship between institutional shareholdings and PEP performance is mainly driven by nonlisted corporate investors and mutual funds. Finally, the relationship between PEP performance and institutional shareholdings is stronger in smaller PEP issuers.     

Quality-based Price Discrimination: Evidence from Internet Retailers’ Shipping Options

This paper tests various implications of quality-based price discrimination theory in the context of internet book retailers’ shipping menus. Many internet retailers create quality variants of a homogeneous good by bundling it with several shipping options that differ by delivery time. This practice can allow retailers to extract further surplus from consumers through quality-based price discrimination. We find that the design of shipping menus offered by large retailers is consistent with main implications of quality-based price discrimination theory. Fringe sellers, however, do not appear to engage in price discrimination based on quality.     

Cross‐Country Variability in Cost of Raising Equity: Evidence from Seasoned Equity Offerings

We examine how county‐level governance affects the cost of raising equity. Using data on seasoned equity offerings, we find that the underwriting spread is determined by the litigation risk of issue certifiers, and offer underpricing is largely determined by the investment risk of the equity issue. Underwriting spread increases with enhanced legal enforcement, offsetting the reduction in underpricing associated with strong legal enforcement. Our study offers insight into the effect of legal enforcement and regulatory policy on the cost of raising equity.     

Commission deregulation and performance of securities firms: Further evidence from Japan

This study explores the impacts on small securities firms’ performance of the multi-stage commission deregulation in Japan from 1994 to 1999. Different from previous findings, market volume does not rise while commission rates fall following each phase of the deregulation. Therefore, securities firms’ stock performance tends to decline as the deregulation proceeds, contrasting with the stock price increase reported previously. Moreover, the negative price effect tends to vary with firm size and deregulation phase, consistent with the fact that securities firms of different sizes depend to different extent on commission income from transactions covered by different phases of the deregulation.     

Small Business Credit Scoring and Its Pitfalls: Evidence from Japan

This paper studies the Japanese credit scoring market using data on 2,000 small and medium‐sized enterprises and a small business credit scoring (SBCS) model widely used in the market. After constructing a model for determining a bank's profit maximization, some simulation exercises are conducted, and pitfalls of lending based on SBCS are indicated. The simulation results suggest that the reason why SBCS loan losses occur would be the combination of adverse selection and window‐dressing problems. In addition, omitted variable bias and transparency of financial statements are important.     

Estimation Uncertainty and the Equity Premium*

This paper studies a dynamic equilibrium model of asset prices in a partially observable exchange economy. It shows that the precautionary savings motive in response to estimation uncertainty can dominate the risk aversion effect, resulting in the reduction of the equity premium over short horizons. This exacerbates the equity premium puzzle. Over longer holding horizons, however, estimation uncertainty does induce higher risk premiums on equity over risk‐free coupon bonds of matching maturities, as long‐term bond yields are lowered due to the precautionary savings effect.     

大股东控制下的股权融资依赖与投资行为研究——基于行为财务视角

基于行为公司财务研究视角,文章首先阐释了股票误定价影响企业投资行为的机制.然后,结合我国上市公司大股东股权融资的利益侵占动机分析,对不同股权融资依赖程度的公司投资行为进行了实证研究.结果发现:在取得了股权融资的公司中,股票市价与企业投资水平显著正相关;股权融资的依赖程度越大,企业投资水平对股票市价的敏感性越高;大股东控制与股票市价的交互作用对公司投资规模的推动效果,显著高于单一的股票市价因素.文章结论的含义与启示在于:尽管股票定价偏差的非市场效率因素对公司投资行为具有独立的影响,但其影响程度因公司治理模式和所有权控制特征的不同而存在明显差异.     

On the Behavior and Determinants of Risk‐Based Capital Ratios: Revisiting the Evidence from UK Banking Institutions*

Using bank‐level panel data from the United Kingdom, this paper investigates the factors that influence banks' choice of risk‐based capital ratios. The study focuses on evaluating the role of regulatory capital requirements. Findings indicate that such requirements, even when not binding, affect banks' capital management practices and suggest that banks maintain targeted buffers above regulatory thresholds. That behavior differs across several dimensions, including bank size, nearness to regulatory minimum, reliance on core (equity) capital and exposure to market discipline. Capital ratios also vary over the economic cycle. These findings have implications for the ongoing review of international capital standards.     

政府经济人行为与国有产权流动性——基于北京产权交易所数据分析

在中国,政府为了自身利益,会对转让的国有资产设置各种条件,从而影响到国有产权的流动性。利用北京产权交易所公布的2007年12月—2008年12月的742项产权交易项目数据,对国有产权流动性及其影响因素进行分析,结果发现:转让产权比例越高,挂牌价格越高,标的企业员工越多,产权流动性越小,产权市场成交时间越长;从受让条件看,对意向受让方资本要求越高,支付期限要求越短,承担债务压力越多,产权流动性越小;此外,产权转让监管机构级别越高,产权流动性越小。     

Price Clustering in Individual Equity Options: Moneyness,Maturity, and Price Level

Equity options have a significant influence on the price discovery process. This study presents unique evidence of substantial price clustering in individual equity options contracts. A particular contribution arises from investigating competing hypotheses on the roles of moneyness and maturity as determinants of option price clustering. We assert that options price clustering can be decomposed to price level, moneyness, and maturity effects. After controlling for other factors, price clustering has an inverse relation with time‐to‐maturity. This supports the negotiation hypothesis, but not the price resolution hypothesis. Price clustering also tends to be inversely related to moneyness. This effect is linked to the intrinsic value component of option price. Both the maturity and moneyness effects act in an opposite direction to what would be anticipated on the basis of price level alone; hence, these two effects are identified as additional influences on option price clustering. It is also found that the designated market maker scheme at NYSE Euronext London International Financial Futures Exchange (LIFFE) has little influence on trade price clustering. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 33:55–76, 2013     

Corporate Fraud and Managers’ Behavior: Evidence from the Press

Government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs) and quasi-autonomous non-governmental organizations (quangos) comprise a powerful organizational sector that has been criticized for its lack of accountability to governments and their citizens. These organizations are established to serve the public as a whole by targeting the needs of particular groups or fulfilling specific functions. Often they use practices adopted from the business sector, and sometimes they enter the marketplace as profit-making enterprises. In light of the contribution of GSE Fannie Mae to the 2008 world economic crisis, the impact of this sector on effective democratic government bears further examination. In this article, I present a systems model that suggests how researchers might comprehensively assess the accountability of organizations in this sector, here termed the “gray sector,” with respect to their government missions. I focus on four systems dimensions: mission, organizational design, organizational outcomes, and the information feedback process. Organizational design and the nature of the sector population are cited as emerging issues of particular importance.     

经理股票期权制在美、日的发展及对我国的启示

经理股票期权制是公司所有者赋予经理人的一项长期薪酬激励机制。美国是经理股票期权制的发源地 ,而日本的初始条件与我国相似之处。经理股票期权制在美国、日本的产生、发展的社会背景及现实条件对我国具有指导和借鉴意义     

Pricing of Mutual Fund Services in Retirement Plans: Evidence from Open-End Equity Funds

Management fees of mutual funds are more costly to investors than is often realized. Moreover, research indicates that in many cases, the fees are not related to performance, contrary to what might be expected from an efficient market. This study uses sample data to illustrate the consequences of inefficiency to an individual investor. It then turns to an empirical examination of the determinants of the ratio of management fees to total assets (MER), investigating market concentration, fund performance, and non-performance characteristics as explanatory variables. All of these classes of variables contributed to the variation of MERs . JEL Classification G23