泰州市沿江开发中环境保护工作的思考

在加快沿江开发建设的同时,加强环境保护工作,对于促进开发建设与环境保护综合协调,全面推进沿江开发可持续发展有很重要的现实意义;通过对泰州市沿江地区生态环境现状存在的主要问题进行分析,提出泰州市沿江开发中环境保护对策。     

Towards a theory for a practical optimisation model for a farm

Abstract

Total factor productivity in communal agriculture in Zimbabwe grew at 1.73% per annum from 1975 to 1990. Growth was negative before independence in 1980 and then reached over 8% a year, but turned negative again after 1985. The success following independence can be explained by the widespread adoption of modern technology, especially in maize production. Adoption was driven by the reorientation of government policy towards the communal sector, which led to improved price incentives and public provision of essential infrastructure investments, such as marketing depots and farm credit facilities. However, the high costs of support proved to be unsustainable and productivity declined from 1985.     

山东半岛蓝色经济区建设的环境伦理价值分析

论文以山东半岛蓝色经济区上升为国家海洋战略为背景,以山东半岛蓝色经济区建设经济、社会、生态协调发展的现代海洋特色经济区为基础,以山东半岛蓝色经济区环境建设为重点,深入分析了山东半岛蓝色经济区作为一种全新的发展理念,有着重要的现实环境伦理价值和长远环境伦理价值,促使人们把经济效益、社会效益、生态效益放在同等重要地位,形成节约能源和保护生态的增长方式和消费方式,建设人与自然和谐发展的山东半岛蓝色经济区,为国家海洋经济的可持续发展提供示范和借鉴。     

山区土地资源开发利用与生态环境保护

山区土地资源开发利用与生态环境保护刘德弟，沈月琴山区是经济欠发达的地区，为了促进山区开发和发展，政府对山区实行经济扶持，专家学者对山区进行自然资源的综合考察研究。改革开放以来，山区由半自然经济向商品经济转变，由半封闭向开放型转变，加速了山区经济、资源...     

Consumer preferences for GM food and other attributes of the food system

While qualitative surveys regarding consumers' attitudes about gene technologies and their application to food production are plentiful, quantitative studies are less so. The present paper reports choice modelling methods to examine the conditions under which Australian consumers are willing to purchase genetically modified (GM) foods, if at all, and examines those preferences within the context of the food system as a whole. This allows us to compare consumer attitudes towards gene technology to consumer preferences for other features of the food they consume. The results of the choice modelling analysis suggest consumers require a discount on their weekly food bill before they will purchase GM food. Gene technology using animal as well as plant genes was found to be more objectionable to respondents than that using plant genes alone, especially among women. Age seems to affect the preferences for a certain type of food, with older people generally more accepting of the use of gene technology.     

我国海洋经济与环境协调发展对策探索

开发海洋是解决当前人类所面临的资源匮乏、空间紧张、环境恶化等问题的有效途径,发展海洋经济已上升为各沿海国家的国家战略,20世纪90年代以来,我国海洋经济进入快速发展期,随之而来的资源和环境等一系列问题,也成为制约我国海洋经济健康发展的"瓶颈"。本文从我国海洋经济发展现状出发,分析了制约我国海洋经济与环境协调发展的诸多因素,如产业结构不合理、海洋污染严重、海洋灾害频发等。为实现我国海洋经济与环境协调发展,应该做到:实施科技兴海,优化产业结构;健全海洋管理体制;健全海洋法律法规等。     

蚂蚁的药用价值及资源开发

蚂蚁是一类重要的药用昆虫，体内含有多种蛋白质、27种氨基酸、28种微量元素及多种重要的化学成分；从其对人体中枢神经系统、免疫系统、内分泌系统、呼吸消化系统的影响等方面阐明了蚂蚁的药理与临床研究现状；提出了合理开发和利用药用蚂蚁资源的途径：加强基础科学研究；开展蚂蚁的人工驯化养殖；加强管理，使蚁制品的开发和应用市场规范化。     

落实科学发展观建立粮食产销双赢机制

前几年，粮食供求的主要矛盾是产量下降，库存减少，逐渐呈现供不应求之势。2004年国家采取了一系列扶持粮食生产的政策，才使粮食生产出现重要转机。全国粮食总产量虽然比上年增产387．5亿公斤，但仍与历史最高水平相差甚远，粮食产需仍存在较大缺口。     

基于粮食安全视角的海洋农业发展价值分析

论文从粮食安全的视角分析了我国陆上粮食生产面临的挑战,阐释了现代食物观,认为维护我国粮食安全需要节流开源发展海洋农业,构建现代食物观,通过多种途径维护食物安全;论文阐述了海洋农业的基础地位,指出了其在完善农业产业链条、维护粮食安全体系完整等方面的基础性价值,并提出了发展我国海洋农业的政策建议。     

Towards a new World pattern of land use

The increase of Earth's carrying capacity for human beings over the past few thousand years has been achieved by expansion of four main cultural complexes using relatively stable techniques to provide a narrow range of plant foods supplemented by a high proportion of animal protein. This process cannot continue much longer, reserves of arable land being inadequate even to replace durably land lost by erosion. Half the world's land is used for animal production. To assure future food and wood supplies, there should be changes in diet. Temperate countries should specialize In annual crops, and tropical ones in perennial crops and forestry.     

皖南山区无花果气候适应性及开发价值的研究

通过对无花果适宜的栽培气候生态条件的分析,评价了皖南山区栽植无花果的气候适宜性程度及其开发前景,为合理利用山区气候资源发展无花果生产提供依据。     

Estimating the benefits of water quality improvements under the Water Framework Directive: are benefits transferable?

The Water Framework Directive sets an objective of ‘GoodEcological Status’ for water bodies across the EU. Non-pointpollution from agriculture is a major reason for the failureof rivers in the UK to meet this target. In this paper, we usechoice experiment methodology to test the transferability ofbenefit estimates of water quality improvements for two smallcatchments where agricultural-source non-point pollution andirrigation water abstraction are the main threats to ecologicalstatus. We also investigate the most appropriate techniquesto apply to transfer testing, including allowing for correlationbetween preferences for environmental attributes, and testingfor acceptable differences between transferred and originalvalues.     

基于资源环境承载力的区域产业适宜规模初探

随着工业化、城镇化过程的快速推进,产业发展和资源环境的矛盾加剧,甚至出现全球性的资源耗竭和环境污染问题,这引起了社会各界对产业发展的适宜规模问题的极大关注,开发适应这一特点的系统学方法和基于资源环境承载力约束的定量化分析手段是当前亟需解决的问题:将资源环境承载力评价、情景分析、强度因子估算、资源环境压力评价和HSY算法集成为一个完整的定量研究方法框架,并以河南省平宝叶鲁地区为例,得出其主导产业为煤炭开采和选洗业,在土地资源约束下,2015年产业适宜规模为397亿-458亿元。     

Estimating the aggregate value of forest recreation in a regional context

Public goods and services supplied by nature require active government intervention to ensure their provision. Nevertheless, prior to the implementation of any policy, planners should compare the costs and benefits caused by their decisions, a difficult task when policies and regulations are developed at a regional or national level (i.e. fire and pest control policies included in forests national plans), and their impacts spread out across a large number of people and ecosystems. In this context, although environmental economics has provided the necessary information for decision-making guidance related to site-specific interventions, little attention has been given to the information requirements of policies affecting large geographical areas, that is, to the estimation of an aggregate value for a specific region. The purpose of this paper is to improve current applications, inferring the recreational value of forests through the implementation of a discrete-count linked model including all the forest areas in the region of Mallorca (Spain).     

西方环境价值理论的研究进展——森林环境价值评估的理论与方法研究(1)

西方国家的环境价值理论由奉行“市场供求决定价值论”到“可持续发展价值论”,经历了一个从环境与经济相分离到环境与经济相统一的发展历程。这一历程是人们对环境问题本质的认识不断深化的结果,也是多学科知识相互影响、相互渗透的结果。     

Potentialities for a regional public participation framework in Asia: An environmental assessment perspective

This study attempts to investigate the potential to develop a regional framework of public participation (PP) in environmental assessments (EA) within Asia. In so-doing, this paper examines the status quo of public participation in EA within Asia from a legislative point of view. The existing situation of EA in Asia is first examined, followed by an analysis on the status and challenges of PP within the region’s environmental assessments. Eight Asian countries subject for this research have all implemented EA at different degrees, yet challenges of enforcement remain. Possible solutions to these challenges are to first improve and standardize the legal framework and implementation mechanism in each individual country, as a first step leading to a transboundary framework in Asia. PP within EA is legally defined in some countries, but it is not widely practiced. Multi-stakeholder process is suggested as a potential tool that comprehensively covers the components necessary for PP promotion. There are information gaps between countries, which could be improved by creating a regional agency governing information exchange. Limited collaboration among countries, likewise, could be improved by bilateral or multilateral environmental agreements.