中国国防产业集中度研究——基于中国航天航空上市公司

文章研究了国防产业的子系统航天航空产业,并通过市场空间来衡量国防产业中航天航空业的集中程度,反映军工市场的竞争与垄断关系。分析结果表明航天航空产业的市场集中度较高,是典型的中上集中寡占型。但是集中度呈现下降的趋势,预测未来集中度将依旧保持下降的趋势,充分竞争之后实现规模经济,集中度也终将呈现上扬。     

中美煤炭产业市场集中度比较研究

我国煤炭产业从新中国成立到现在已有了60多年的发展,煤炭产业市场集中度的变化经历了五个阶段,每个阶段都有各自的特点和成因。美国的煤炭产业经历了100多年的发展,市场集中度高,相对我国煤炭产业要先进很多。文章从我国煤炭产业集中度发展及演变历程入手,分析了各阶段集中度变化的现状和成因,以及美国的煤炭产业市场集中度的变化及成因,并对二者进行比较,得出我国煤炭产业市场集中度存在的问题,并提出相应的对策和建议。     

略论提高我国有色金属产业集中度的政策措施

有色金属产业集中度不高是我国有色金属产业国际竞争力不强的主要原因,文章通过对我国现行提高有色金属产业集中度政策的分析,指出其主要不足之处为过多依靠市场力量,并提出由国家重点发展壮大3到5家大型有色金属企业集团,以提高我国有色金属产业集中度的政策建议。     

过度价格竞争与优化我国产业市场结构

在我国，针对企业的过度价格竞争行为，许多人常常认为是企业行为不规范造成的，但其深层次原因是产业的市场结构不合理。产业市场集中度过低、产品差异性以及企业进退中的制度障碍，使我国产业市场结构存在“竞争过度，袭断不足”，决定着企业必然进行过度价格竞争。因此，从根本上解决过度价格竞争的问题，必须优化我国的产业市场结构。     

论中国钢铁业产业集中度影响因素

集中度是衡量市场结构最普遍的指标,又是构成市场结构的主要因素,通过影响市场行为,进而影响市场绩效。产业集中度水平及其变化的决定因素一直是产业经济学研究的重要内容。钢铁产业集中度是当前以及将来钢铁产业所要重点研究的问题之一。本文将产业组织理论与现代计量经济方法相结合,对影响我国钢铁产业市场集中度的因素进行了实证分析。确立自变量与因变量产业集中度的数量关系。     

地区行政垄断、产业受保护程度与产业效率——以转型时期中国制造业为例

转型时期，以地方保护和市场分割为主要表现形式的地区行政垄断扭曲了投入一产出关系，降低了资源配置效率，从而损害产业效率。本文以转型时期的中国制造业为例，通过构建产业受保护程度指数和产业效率指数等主要变量，实证分析了地方保护、市场分割等地区行政垄断对产业效率的影响。实证分析结果表明，产业受保护程度与产业效率之间是负相关关系，产业受保护程度越高，产业效率越低。这就说明，地方保护和市场分割等地区行政垄断行为导致了制造业产业效率损失。打破地区行政垄断、形成全国统一大市场，有利于企业长远发展和产业效率的提升。     

产业集中、市场结构与经济绩效关系的实证研究

按照哈佛学派的核心思想,集中度高低对市场结构和经济绩效具有决定性的意义。参照这一思想,全面计算我国当前各行业的产业集中度,对各行业市场结构进行分析。结合集中度差距指标构建实证研究的差分模型,对产业集中与经济绩效的关系进行实证研究,并提出针对性的对策建议     

基于RabahAmir模型的我国船舶产业市场绩效评价及改进研究

基于RabahAmir模型,运用产业组织理论建立了由船舶市场结构以及规模经济决定的船舶产业市场绩效模型,分析了不同船舶企业数量条件下船舶产业利润和福利状况的变化。通过对船舶产业的总体发展状况、市场集中度、产业利润率以及技术进步状况等方面实证统计分析,得出了我国船舶产业市场结构为中等垄断程度的寡占型市场,船舶类企业的生产效率与技术创新能力亟待提高,船舶产业的总体利润水平较低的结论,并提出了破除市场壁垒、消除垄断、推进技术自主创新和规模经济等一系列政策建议。     

中国轿车行业市场结构分析

文章以贝恩的市场结构分类法为基础,考察我国轿车行业的市场结构状况,认为其市场结构逐渐向低垄断型转变,自从加入WTO以后,竞争有进一步加剧的趋势.我国轿车产业市场集中度不高,说明我国的轿车行业还存在诸多问题.文章旨在通过对我国汽车行业市场结构进行定性和定量的分析,提出一系列建设性意见.     

中国互联网产业的市场结构

互联网产业的市场结构,是指互联网产为中反映卖（企业）之间,买之间,卖与买之间等诸种关系的因素及其状况,一般是指网络产品或服务的供给方（卖）之间的基本关系,它是互联网产业中竞争与垄断程度的决定性因素。衡量市场结构状况的指标有市场集中度,产品差异度,进入壁垒,退出壁垒,市场需求增长率,高层需求价格弹性等,“春秋战国”是当前中国互联网产业市场结构最基本的特征。     

跨国公司在我国合资行为与市场结构演变

近年来,跨国公司以与我国国有企业合资的现象逐渐增多。在国有企业控制的行业内,大中型国有企业一般还拥有行政垄断优势,大型跨国公司具有经济性垄断优势。分析表明,双方市场势力都强、横向合资与进入壁垒高,合资最可能巩固甚至强化行政垄断地位,并增强经济性垄断势力,市场结构更集中。市场进入壁垒低或国有企业市场势力相对较弱时的各种方式合资,虽然合资的市场结构效应不明显,但合资可能增强经济性垄断并削弱行政垄断优势,造成国有企业资源流失。     

IT企业成长动力研究

本文从IT企业的成长过程出发,对IT企业的特点和所面临的竞争进行了研究,从而得出创新是IT企业成长的主要动力,并对如何使IT企业获得足够的创新力提出了一些建议,在帮助我国IT企业的成长上具有一定的指导意义。     

WAGES THROUGH BOOMS AND RECESSIONS: A CASE STUDY OF ZIMBABWE

This paper examines developments in the wage system in Zimbabwe. The analysis focuses on the wage formation process and wage differentials. The paper observes that real wages have been flexible and have fallen sharply. Wage inflexibility is thus ruled out as a cause of unemployment. The collapse of wages has given rise to non‐standard labour market practices as workers try to cushion themselves against rapid wage declines. Wages also exhibit wide gender, racial and occupational differentials. The paper also argues that a wage policy in Zimbabwe must be pillared on decentralised, coordinated and synchronised collective bargaining.     

最低工资制度对劳动力市场影响的实证分析

本文对最低工资理论模型进行了拓展分析,并以深圳为案例分析了最低工资制度对区域就业的影响。在跨区域劳动力流动的情况下,区域劳动力市场均衡工资趋近最低工资标准,并且不会导致区域就业量的下降。     

Price makers and nonclearing markets

In a recent survey article, Benassy argues that fixprice theory holds the key to incorporating monopoly and monopolistic competition into general equilibrium theory. This paper argues that the opposite is true. Fixprice theory is an impediment to incorporating monopoly into general equilibrium theory. The reason for this is that fixprice theory virtually jettisons Walras's law. It is demonstrated that Walras's law makes the general equilibrium analysis of monopoly very tractable, although it was long thought that monopoly and general equilibrium were incompatible.     

Principles of a Pan-African economic ideology

Summary In this paper, an attempt has been made to integrate the politics of Pan-Africanism with its economic ideology. The basis and need for such an ideology has been explored. It has been argued here that the roots of underdevelopment in the Black World lie in the historical evolution of the world market economy; that continued participation in monopoly capitalism serves to reinforce the international inequality; and that the localization of economic activity by multinational firms within the Black World countries deepens internal inequality by suffocating the internal markets and impoverishing the indigenous class. It is argued further that the Absorption hypothesis, seeking wage employment in the “modern” sector for the army of unemployed being generated under international monopoly capitalism, is an hypothesis of the impossibility. The “modern” sector cannot expand fast enough nor adapt its techniques of production to absorb the unemployed.     

贸易自由化对中国工业就业与工资波动性的影响

本文从贸易自由化与中国就业与工资波动性的关系这一新的视角分析了贸易自由化对我国劳动力市场的影响。研究首先在弹性分析框架之下,对贸易自由化对我国工业工资和就业波动性的影响进行了模拟分析。然后采用我国细分工业行业的数据,在估算全要素生产率的基础上,使用回归分析方法进一步考察了贸易自由化对我国工业工资和就业波动性的影响。研究的基本结论是,贸易自由化很可能增强了给定外生劳动需求冲击之下工业劳动者工资和就业的波动性。     

The Paris financial market in the nineteenth century: complementarities and competition in microstructures1

This article sets out to explain why the Paris Bourse was highly successful in the nineteenth century in spite of the supposedly inefficient monopoly of the official market, the Parquet. The literature argues that the official monopoly was sidelined by a free, innovative market known as the Coulisse, but it fails to explain how the Coulisse emerged despite the monopoly and how the two markets persisted alongside each other during the entire century. We provide a detailed history of how these two markets emerged and interacted. The Parquet increasingly developed as a high‐end market, providing security, transparency, and effective settlement‐delivery to unsophisticated investors trading on the spot market. The Coulisse provided liquidity, immediacy, and opacity to professional investors trading mostly forward. In line with recent theoretical developments, we argue that the juxtaposition of heterogeneous organizations had important virtues for market participants, since it allowed the exchanges to specialize in different investors and services and made the exchanges complementary to each other. We demonstrate our claim by looking at both the formal rules and the actual functioning of the Parquet, drawing on its archives which we have recently classified.     

Segmented labour markets without policy-induced labour market distortions

This paper argues that labour market segmentation does not require labour market distortions. Segmentation appears when innovations are introduced in an initially imbalanced environment: because the capital market is imperfect. Only large firms can adopt the modern techniques. Small firms have to force their workers to reduce their labour incomes in order to compete with the modernized firms. The latter do not reduce wages because their interest is to minimize total labour costs rather than the wage bill alone: with labour a quasi-fixed cost. The difference in behaviour tends to be significant.     

网络经济下垄断的动态效率探析

网络经济时代的市场结构发生了新的变化。主要表现为出现了以垄断和竞争双双强化为主要特征的竞争性垄断结构。这标志着传统产业组织理论中垄断低配置效率或静态无效率的论断在网络经济条件下已不再适用。基于此，本文从创新激励的角度出发，论证了网络经济条件下竞争性垄断市场的动态性。结论认为：企业暂时的垄断地位推动着技术创新的进化和演进．创新、竞争和垄断这三者在网络条件下的互动机制保证了竞争性垄断市场的动态效率。