元认知策略与英语自主学习能力培养的实证研究

本文报告了一项元认知策略与英语自主学习能力培养的实证研究。在研究中,采用课堂中的元认知策略训练和课后学习者的合约相结合的方法,对非英语专业2008级两个班级的新生进行了为期一年的元认知策略训练。研究结果表明,训练之前,学习者对元认知策略的认识不足,使用也较少;训练之后,元认知策略增强了学习者的自主学习意识,提高了学习者的自主学习能力。     

元认知策略在网络多媒体自主学习中的应用

在网络多媒体环境这种全新的教学模式下,学生自主学习能力的获得尤为重要,自主学习能力的提高离不开元认知过程的参与,本文以元认知理论和自主学习理论为基础,指出学生在网络学习中存在的问题,探讨元认知策略与自主学习能力的培养,以及元认知策略在网络自主学习中的应用。     

大学生英语应用能力培养模式研究

论述了培养大学生英语应用能力的教学模式,即传统课堂教学与开放式网络自主学习相结合,形成性评价与终结性评价相结合,注重学习过程的监控和学生元认知能力的培养。这种教学模式能够帮助学生增强学习自信、调整学习策略、提高学习效率,有利于提高学生自主学习能力和英语综合应用能力。     

元认知策略在民族班大学英语教学中的研究与实践

在了解民族班学生元认知策略的使用情况的基础上对学生进行元认知策略的训练,通过训练,培养学生的元认知能力,让学生学会自我管理与评估,并通过自我管理与评估来提高学习自觉性,改善学习效果,以此来提高学生综合运用英语的能力。     

元认知策略观照下的大学英语自主学习

近年来,大学英语自主学习成了热门话题。本文通过对元认知理论和元认知能力培养的综述和评价,来说明元认知策略在大学英语自主学习中的重要作用。在此基础上,分析了我国高校自主学习环境以及现代大学生的素质,提出了融合传统课堂与自主学习结合的大学英语指导性自主学习模式。     

浅谈元认知策略在高职英语教学中的应用

现行教育大纲下,结合学生专业将教材中英语的听、说、读、写的能力要求,通过教学模式、策略等转变,将课程内容迁移、内化成为学生语言能力。在增强学生自我学习能力方面,通过对一些教学理论和＂内化＂实践,元认知策略得到了更多的推广。在提倡自我学习的基础上,实施元认知策略,通过对学习过程的监控、调整,培养学生自主学习,达到提高高职英语教学效果和学生英语语言能力水平进行了探索。     

论高校体育教学中程序教学法与元认知学习策略的相互结合及作用

我国高校体育教学中的传统教学弊端就是无法从单纯的被动模仿走向合作探究的学习模式。如何做到可以针对不同个体差异,能力和身体素质以及已有的运动训练经验来选择恰当的练习法,从而达到提升高校体育教学的质量的目的。基于此,在高校体育教学中注重结合程序教学法以及学生的元认知学习能力的培养具有重要的现实意义。本文旨在探讨程序教学法与元认知学习策略相互结合的内涵、原则、运用策略以及这种教学范式在高校体育教学中的积极作用。     

网络环境与英语词汇习得策略研究

词汇习得是外语习得的最基本手段之一,同时也是语言运用的先决条件.词汇习得方式会直接影响词汇习得效果.网络环境不仅拓宽了词汇输入、输出途径,而且能够进一步调动学习者词汇学习的主动性,保证词汇习得质量,提高英语语言能力.     

浅谈高职高专学生英语学习策略的培养

针对高职高专学生英语学习的现状,本文从英语学习策略的直接策略包括词汇记忆策略、认知策略、补偿策略和间接策略包括元认知策略、情感策略、社交策略六个方面探讨了如何培养学生的英语学习策略,从而促进高职高专学生自主学习的能力,提高学生的英语学习水平。     

基于“交互作用”阅读理论的大学英语阅读教学模式探索

"交互作用"阅读理论重视语言知识和背景知识的有机结合与相互作用,更好地促进阅读实践。外语阅读是外语学习的一种有效手段,也是外语学习者的学习目的之一。外语阅读技能是外语学习者应该掌握的重要语言学习技能之一,也是提高语言学习其他技能的基础和前提。"交互作用"阅读理论对培养学生高水平的阅读能力,提高其阅读效率有着重要知道作用。     

Bayesian Premium Rating with Latent Structure

We propose a fully Bayesian approach to non-life risk premium rating, based on hierarchical models with latent variables for both claim frequency and claim size. Inference is based on the joint posterior distribution and is performed by Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Rather than plug-in point estimates of all unknown parameters, we take into account all sources of uncertainty simultaneously when the model is used to predict claims and estimate risk premiums. Several models are fitted to both a simulated dataset and a small portfolio regarding theft from cars. We show that interaction among latent variables can improve predictions significantly. We also investigate when interaction is not necessary. We compare our results with those obtained under a standard generalized linear model and show through numerical simulation that geographically located and spatially interacting latent variables can successfully compensate for missing covariates. However, when applied to the real portfolio data, the proposed models are not better than standard models due to the lack of spatial structure in the data.     

The deliberation around accounting techniques: accounting for depreciation and foreign exchange in an Indian jute company, 1870-1900

This paper examines the way two accounting techniques, namely depreciation and foreign exchange, were deliberated on, between 1870 and 1900, in an Indian jute company whose shareholders resided in the UK. The arena for these deliberations was the conflictual relationship between controlling and non-controlling shareholders as to how best to account for depreciation and foreign exchange especially when the particular accountings affected distributional issues such as the dividend decision. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and explain the processes by which a company's accounting practices emerge and develop as a contest between different interests. Accounting framed the parameters of the deliberations and provided the language of power and dissent. The paper uses a rich archive that includes narrative and accounting material.     

Pricing Dynamic Insurance Risks Using the Principle of Equivalent Utility

We introduce an expected utility approach to price insurance risks in a dynamic financial market setting. The valuation method is based on comparing the maximal expected utility functions with and without incorporating the insurance product, as in the classical principle of equivalent utility. The pricing mechanism relies heavily on risk preferences and yields two reservation prices - one each for the underwriter and buyer of the contract. The framework is rather general and applies to a number of applications that we extensively analyze.     

International harmonization of Japanese accounting standards

Historically, Japanese accounting standards have been quite distinct from International Accounting Standards (IASs) which have been perceived as being modelled on British-American accounting standards. However, in the 1990s, after the publication of E32 in 1989 and the IASC-IOSCO Agreement in 1995, the Business Accounting Deliberation Committee (BADC), the standards-setting body in Japan, has pursued a policy of harmonization with IASs. Accounting standards relating to consolidated financial statements of companies that make cross-border offerings of securities or operate worldwide are being revised drastically. This paper focuses on the development of international accounting harmonization and its impact on Japan.     

Commodity financialization and sector ETFs: Evidence from crude oil futures

We investigate the diversification benefits of energy assets in the setting of commodity financialization using data on crude oil futures and Sector ETFs (SPDRs). Correlations between commodities and financial assets increased during the post-Commodity Futures Modernization Act (CFMA)/commodity bull cycle period, resulting in lower benefits of diversification. However, we find that conditional correlations between crude oil futures and sector ETFs meaningfully increased only since the 2008–09 financial crisis. The results therefore suggest that the financial crisis, rather than CFMA regulation, explains changes in the diversification benefits of commodities. Moreover, we find that oil futures returns are less correlated with SPDRs than with the S&P index. Thus, energy futures, and crude oil in particular, offer the potential for diversification benefits in sector-style investing.     

Multiple Dimensions of Accounting in the Development of GAAP

The phrase 'accepted accounting principles' underlying financial statements is a forerunner of today's accounting standards. Here, it is argued that history shows that the term 'principles' is often most vague in debates on the development of those standards. The reasons for and consequences of that vague use are varied and complex. This article provides insights not highlighted in earlier analyses of the periods reviewed. While debates like the rule- versus principle-based standards are set up as two-dimensional, the many dimensions of accounting often allow argument to be easily diverted. The debate/argument thus remains unresolved. For progress to be achieved in the establishment of accounting standards the many dimensions of accounting must be acknowledged and attempts to divert debate minimized. Those with a stake in the development of accounting standards need to consider the total scene of the related accounting. In a particular debate, dimensions under scrutiny must be stated, with any others in that total scene being acknowledged even if kept constant.     

Life Insurance Policies with Statistical Heterogeneous Population

In the paper we consider an endowment insurance contract with a twelve months maturation time. Using the majorization order and Schur-convex functions we derive upper and lower bounds of the premium, the death and survival benefits for a hetrogeneous population of insureds. The bounds are obtained for the exponential, Balducci, and linear approximations.     

Disclosure of government financial information and the cost of local government’s debt financing——Empirical evidence from provincial investment bonds for urban construction

China’s slowing economic growth and rapid urbanization have made local government debt financing a significant issue.This study uses a sample of China’s provinc...     

＂Differences＂are the Biggest Obstacle

China has the greatest numbers of both teachers and students worldwide ,who teach and learn English. Therefore ,to analyze the obstacles of learning English for Chinese is necessary. This article gives the idea of differences between Chinese and English mainly in languages and cultures fields. Through these we can see clearly that ＂differences＂ are the biggest obstacle in language learning.