金融标准化技术委员会第五次年会召开

金融标准化技术委员会第五次年会召开全国金融标准化技术委员会（以下简称金标委）第五次年会于１９９６年４月１６日在京召开，共４０人参加了会议。会议对金标委成立５年来的工作做了全面总结，肯定了金标委的工作成绩，找出了工作中存在的问题。会议认为，１９９６年金...     

世界各国高考面面观

美国：七次高考，择高录取 在美国，成绩好并不能保证你被所申报的大学录取。除了成绩之外，美国大学招生特别注重学生的全面素质。SAT是一个常年设置的标准化考试，每年进行七次，考生可以根据自己的情况，选择参加。由于美国高考成绩两年内有效，许多高中生上高三时就开始考试，SAT只选取最高的“高考”考分。     

个人信用评价影响因素决策分析

Logistic模型是个人信用评价分析时常用的模型。基于具体的个人信贷数据,利用Random Oversampling方法克服了数据不平衡性带来的问题,通过共线性诊断后,建立了标准化的logistic回归模型。根据标准化回归系数,计算出决策系数,得出个人特征对信用评价影响大小的顺序。     

β系数与证券投资风险的度量

进行证券投资必然要承担风险，多样化投资组合可以降低投资风险。证券组合风险是由组合中各种股票对这个组合风险的贡献度的大小决定的，可以用β系数来衡量。β系数的计算方法有两种，即回归线法和统计法。鉴于β系数的重要性，我国有关机构应定期在公开刊物上揭示β值，这也是我国证券市场逐步走向成熟的必经之路。     

西方商业银行监管方式演进趋势分析

随着全球金融一体化的不断发展、规制理论的逐步完善，西方商业银行监管方式经历了行政命令式、标准化方法、内部模型法、预先承诺法等四个规制阶段。总起来看，西方商业银行监管方式趋向于更为强调激励相容.     

系数比例法教学新探

<正>一、问题的提出系数比例法是产品成本计算中分类法的一种简化核算方法,是在同类产品之间分配费用时,将分配标准折算为相对固定的系数,按照固定的系数在类内各种产品之间进行分配。在成本会计中,系数比例法是成本计算辅助方法中的一个新的概念,计算过程包括系数的确定、生产费用在该类完工产品及月末在产品之间的分配,以及完工产品的生产费用在类内各产品之间进行分配等,其涉及的概念有产成品系数、在产品投料系数、在产品投工系数、投料总系数、投工总系数等。在成本会计有限的教学课时下,面对系数比例法复杂的核算程序     

增值税一般纳税人资格认定应采取“宽进严管”

新的增值税税制自1994年实施以来，运行基本顺畅，在保证财政收入，调节社会分配，促进公平竞争，鼓励出口创汇等方面，取得了很大的成绩。但运行中，也存在某些问题。笔认为，目前对增值税一般纳税人资格认定上就明显存在问题。     

搞好档案管理 服务农村金融

搞好档案管理　服务农村金融郜安莉，黄廷智近年来，我区农行从管理手段现代化、业务建设标准化、业务指导制度化、管理方式科学化等方面入手，切实抓好档案管理工作，取得了很大成绩。区农行机关档案室继１９９２年晋升自治区二级档案管理先进单位后，又于１９９５年７月...     

中国银行业内部评级法建设之路

2004年6月，巴塞尔委员会正式公布新资本协议，建立了资本监管三大支柱体系，有效地将资本充足率与银行有效管理各类风险的能力紧密地结合在一起。新资本协议复杂的资本计量方法对银行风险管理提出了更高要求，强调了风险计量的精确性、敏感性和标准化，尤其突出了依赖银行内部量化指标计量信用风险的内部评级法（Internal Ratings Based Approach，以下简称“IRB”法）在风险管理中的地位和作用。     

吉林省农业标准化建设的现状与对策研究

吉林省农业标准化建设取得了很大成绩,但与新时期农业和农村经济发展的要求还存在着明显的差距。加快农业标准化进程,做优做强吉林农业,应采取如下对策:加大实施力度,全面启动农业标准化“六大工程”;突出重点领域,带动农业标准化工作实施;加大宣传力度,提高全社会农业标准化意识;鼓励农业生产组织制度创新,发展土地规模经营;加强农业标准化研究和科技培训,推广标准化生产技术;加强组织领导,建立标准化工作保障机制。     

Almanac of anticipations: The age of affluence—of anticipation—of anxiety—of automation—of discontinuity—of longing—of overkill—of space exploration

With this survey of developments in the futures field since 1945, I.F. Clarke completes his present series for Futures. He makes two major points: that forecasting techniques have become essential tools in the management of change; and that nuclear weapons and ecological problems have added a moral dimension to the study of the future. In the next issue of Futures he will start a new series on the range of future-thinking in the USA, from the expectations of the first settlers to the Star Wars programme.     

基金公司经营融资融券业务的问题审视

融资融券业务正式运营已经开展,为证券市场带来了革命性的改革,作为证券市场的一大主体,基金公司面对融资融券也迎来了新的发展方向和挑战,本文从融资融券业务的运行机制入手,分析了基金公司融资融券的新契机,并对其即将面临的问题进行审视和剖析,进而提出策略建议.     

对基层人民银行科技工作的几点建议

银监会分设后,人民银行将专司货币政策、金融稳定、金融服务三大职能。作为人民银行的分支机构,基层人民银行的工作重心也将从金融监管调整到这三大职能上来。人民银行的科技部门,就要积极运用科技手段,为人民银行履行新的职能发挥“服务、支持、促进、发展”的作用。一、围绕三大职能搭建五大平台经过“六五打基础、七五作准备、八五大发展”几个阶段后,人民银行相继实现了核算电算化、清算网络化和办公信息化。特别是近一两年来,陆续开通了大额支付系统、信贷登记咨询系统、会计四集中系统、金融信息服务网站等系统,人民银行信息化水平又…     

The Usefulness of Measures of Consistency of Discretionary Components of Accruals in the Detection of Earnings Management

Abstract:  Prior research has shown the prevalence of measurement error in models used to estimate aggregate discretionary accruals. In these models, the incremental information content of the various components of accruals is ignored. Limited prior research and data gathered from firms under Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) litigation indicate that managers use either one or more than one component of accruals simultaneously, in a consistent way to manipulate bottom-line earnings in a given direction. I propose two measures that capture the consistency between the discretionary components of accruals and test their significance in earnings management (EM) detection in firms that have artificially added accrual manipulation and firms that were targeted by the SEC for accrual manipulation. There is evidence that this information is incrementally useful in detecting EM. This finding paves the way for improvements in the discretionary accruals measure by including consistency information from the components of aggregate accruals.     

Summary of Results of Survey of Seminar Attendees

Abstract

The Society of Actuaries undertook a three-phase research project on mortality improvement in the three NAFTA countries: Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. Phase 1 consisted of a literature review of papers on projecting mortality levels in the future and a study of the trend in mortality improvement during this century. Phase 2 consisted of a discussion of different facets of modeling mortality rates at a seminar attended by 79 experts (actuaries, demographers, economists, and medical researchers) representing different countries. The last session of the seminar consisted of the completion of a survey by the attendees to obtain input for Phase 3, which would analyze the impact of mortality improvement on the social security system of each country. This paper summarizes the results of the survey.

The survey results illustrate the difficulty in forecasting mortality levels, because the effects of many factors that could have significant impact on mortality rates are unknown. This suggests the need for dynamic forecasting, which allows for the possibility of random shocks. A majority of the survey respondents believe that stochastic forecasting models, despite their complexity, have significant potential to add value. Respondents also believe that both historical data and cause-specific mortality forecasts are useful as input and also in validating forecasts of the aggregate levels of mortality. The challenge is to develop more sophisticated forecasting models to produce results that are relatively easy to interpret and to communicate these results to the desired audiences, including the public and policymakers.

The survey results suggest that the aggregate effect of lifestyle changes, medical advances, diseases, catastrophe, and physical environmental changes is an increase in life span. However, there is much uncertainty about the future. Respondents expect that beyond the year 2020 the mean annual rate of reduction in mortality for males age 65 and over will average about 0.58% for Canada, 0.76% for Mexico, and 0.67% for the U.S. The results for the female age 65 and over population are 0.64%, 0.83%, and 0.70%, respectively. The age 65 and over population is expected to see larger percentage reductions in mortality than the 0–14 and 15–64 populations. The reductions in male and female mortality will be ultimately the same, and the mortality levels in the three countries will ultimately converge, although differences may persist for decades.     

社会主义所有制形式的改革、完善与共产党执政能力的提高

在中国,所有制形式的调整、改革与完善,先进生产力的发展,党的执政能力建设,是社会主义建设过程中密切结合在一起的三个不同层面的发展关系.应在相互促进和共同提高中促进社会的和谐发展,保证社会主义现代化建设战略目标的顺利实现.     

银行软件项目外包管理分析

一、引言随着国民经济的不断发展,银行业务与外部企业的联系越来越密切。银行正逐步成为现代经济活动的中心,作为数据处理核心的银行业务应用也越来越大型化、越来越复杂化,因此许多银行也把软件项目逐步由原来的自主开发转变为与公司合作的方式,或直接外包开发的方式,银行本身的技术人员也逐步由开发转向项目管理。二、项目外包的分类银行项目的外包有以下几种情况:①部分子系统外包,有时由于银行的软件项目太大,单靠银行自身的开发力量基本无法在预定的时间内完成项目,只好把相对独立的部分外包;②直接购买软件公司的成熟产品,有些金融软…     

银行管理信息平台建设发展的思考

一、目前国内银行IT发展现状及面临的问题 银行数据集中工作的完成,标志着银行的业务由电子化建设阶段转入信息化建设阶段.一方面银行数据的集中提供了丰富全面的基础数据,面对日益庞大的数据源,如何将数字转化为对银行有用的信息,并从中发现知识,为银行的经营决策提供支持,是摆在银行IT人员面前的一个亟待解决的问题.另一方面用户对银行信息的需求日益增长,如果银行没有一套完整、实用的信息管理系统,将对业务发展非常不利.南京爱立信公司倒戈花旗银行事件曾经轰动一时,其中一个重要原因就是中国本地银行不能满足爱立信全球总部对南京爱立信公司的要求:每周财务上报和每天贷款限额管理.这一事件为中国商业银行的未来发展敲响了警钟,如果不加快管理信息系统的开发,迅速提升业务管理水平,类似的事件还会接连不断地发生,并最终导致国内商业银行在同国外商业银行的竞争中全面溃败.     

Separation of Unit of Account from Medium of Exchange

The separation of a unit of account (UoA) from a medium of exchange (MoE) in the commodity–money system is investigated by considering explicitly a seller's choice of UoA in terms of either an MoE or a unit of metal weight. If the likelihood of debasement of an MoE and its rate are high enough, the price is posted in terms of a unit of metal weight rather than an MoE. Interestingly, this MoE–UoA separated equilibrium yields the flexible nominal price, whereas an MoE–UoA integrated equilibrium yields the sticky one. This implies the nominal price rigidity in the fiat‐money system where MoE and UoA are integrated.     

金融企业员工考核系统的设计

一、概述 为配合公司人事考核制度的贯彻执行,保证该制度执行过程中各项工作能够长期、高效、准确地完成,我们开发了公司员工考核系统,实现了人事考核工作中员工投票、考核统计、考核信息分析、报表生成等功能,减少了人事部门人员的手工操作,提高了考核工作的自动化程度.