专利侵权诉讼的特殊性及其若干程序性救济

专利侵权是一类特殊的民事纠纷，其特殊性主要表现在专利的科技属性及专利诉讼的复杂性对程序设计提出了特殊要求。目前，我国专利纠纷的审理适用普通民事诉讼程序，只是在管辖、当事人适格等个别问题最高人民法院作了特殊规定。在笔者看来，这些规定远远不能满足专利纠纷的特殊属性及其对程序设计的特殊要求。本文将重点介绍与阐释美国专利纠纷中若干特殊程序设计，并从比较法角度对我国相关制度完善提出若干建议。     

我国技术标准实施中的专利侵权问题及立法规制

技术标准实施过程中可能引发专利侵权问题,近年来,随着技术标准与专利的融合,我国也产生了因实施技术标准产生的专利侵权问题。为解决此类问题,最高人民法院《关于审理专利侵权纠纷案件若干问题的规定(征求意见稿)》第75条对此作了相应规定。     

我国技术标准实施中专利侵权问题及立法规制

技术标准实施过程中可能引发专利侵权问题,近年来,随着技术标准与专利的融合,我国也产生了因实施技术标准产生的专利侵权问题。为解决此类问题,最高人民法院《关于审理专利侵权纠纷案件若干问题的规定(征求意见稿)》第75条对此作了相应规定。     

供应链企业专利联合开发中专利权属纠纷的处理

在对供应链企业专利联合开发中专利权属纠纷的主要表现形式进行分析的基础上,探讨了供应链企业专利联合开发中专利权属纠纷产生的客观性根源、法制性根源、机制性根源和运作性根源,并从事先与事后两个方面提出了供应链企业专利联合开发中专利权属纠纷的处理。     

对特殊救济程序与再审程序之诠释

目前,我国刑事诉讼法关于再审程序的规定过于原则,再审程序人对被告人合法权益的保护不够,再审程序反复启动造成的司法资源浪费。改革我国刑事再审启动程序,实行一审终审制,设置再审不加刑的程序设计,在裁判的稳定性与真实性之间达到一个平衡点,可更好的实现再审程序的设立目标。     

基于客户价值的客户关系管理分析——以煤矿安全装备企业为中心

煤矿安全装备企业同其他企业一样,也要高度重视客户的价值,加强客户关系的管理.良好的客户关系管理会使得煤矿安全装备企业在日益竞争激烈的市场中拔得先机,赢得高额的利润.本文基于对客户价值和客户关系管理基本理论的分析,提出了煤矿安全装备企业客户价值的特殊属性和客户关系管理的特殊要求,最后基于煤矿安全装备企业客户价值的特殊属性,提出了煤矿安全装备企业应当如何加强客户关系的管理.     

基于客户价值的客户关系管理分析——以煤矿安全装备企业为中心

煤矿安全装备企业同其他企业一样，也要高度重视客户的价值，加强客户关系的管理。良好的客户关系管理会使得煤矿安全装备企业在日益竞争激烈的市场中拔得先机，赢得高额的利润。本文基于对客户价值和客户关系管理基本理论的分析，提出了煤矿安全装备企业客户价值的特殊属性和客户关系管理的特殊要求，最后基于煤矿安全装备企业客户价值的特殊属性，提出了煤矿安全装备企业应当如何加强客户关系的管理。     

苏州立法保护外贸专利

在省人大常委会通过的《苏州市专利促进条例》，特别针对苏州外向型经济中常常出现的专利侵权和纠纷，出台了保护性规定。     

浅析我国小额诉讼程序的不足与完善

为及时化解小额纠纷、减轻当事人的经济负担、提高诉讼效率、节约司法资源,2012年我国民事诉讼法修改,在第162条规定小额诉讼程序。2015年2月起施行的民诉司法解释对小额诉讼程序的适用作出进一步规定,但不容我们忽视的是,现有的规定还存在许多问题。今后的立法还应进一步明确小额诉讼程序中当事人的程序选择权、主体资格、救济机制等,以更好的发挥小额诉讼程序的作用。     

关于标准必要专利反垄断规制思考

标准必要专利具有私权属性和公共属性,当私权性被过分放大时则表现为对市场的垄断,如搭售、拒绝许可、歧视性定价等。对标准必要专利进行反垄断规制的困境,在于对违法性标准认识的模糊和FRAND原则的失效。本文通过对域外标准必要专利的现状分析,并结合域外经验,提出完善我国标准必要专利反垄断规制的思路建议。     

旅游开发进程中宗教纠纷的消解与社会和谐

随着城市化进程的加快,我国城市的科学发展、和谐发展已经成为一种必然趋势。但是,因城市旅游开发所引起的宗教纠纷也时有发生。宗教纠纷解决的好坏与否直接关系到城市发展的进度与社会稳定。本文以L市的一起宗教纠纷事件为例,解析宗教因素在城市发展旅游过程中所扮演的角色,并积极寻求能够化解纠纷的方法。     

Setting Boundaries Rather than Imposing Bans: Is it Possible to Regulate Consumer Arbitration Clauses to Achieve Fairness for Consumers?

The benefits of arbitration as a form of alternative dispute resolution in business to business disputes, particularly international business to business disputes, are well recognized and will be discussed in this article. Concerns arise, however, where arbitration is sought to be imposed as a method of dispute resolution upon consumers, through the inclusion of arbitration clauses in consumer contracts. Whilst there is a body of literature which argues strongly against the enforceability of arbitration clauses in consumer contracts, there is little consideration in the literature as to the possible benefits of consumer arbitration which might warrant enforceability within particular regulatory boundaries. To date, the pro-arbitration stance taken by some commentators and courts is premised on freedom of contract arguments rather than consumer benefit. This article will explore whether it is possible to overcome a number of the current concerns regarding the use and enforcement of consumer arbitration clauses through constructing a regulatory framework which will give rise to a fair alternative dispute resolution mechanism for consumers. The article will begin by exploring the current context which includes limitations upon the arbitrability of consumer disputes in a number of jurisdictions. It will then go on to consider what might be the benefits of facilitating consumer arbitration as a mechanism for alternative dispute resolution, particularly in the context of international consumer disputes. The article will then outline a range of concerns regarding the perceived unfairness of consumer arbitration and will draw upon current and potential regulatory models to consider ways of addressing those concerns. The article will conclude with recommendations for a regulatory model designed to facilitate fair consumer arbitration.     

The Influence of Legal Capacity on WTO Dispute Duration

World Trade Organization dispute settlement has evolved away from the concise process originally imagined to one where panels languish for years. This is to the detriment of lesser-developed states that do not have the resources that allow for access. In this article, I perform a multivariate analysis to explore the relationship between a state's legal capacity and the length of trade disputes. Controlling for selection bias, I find that the legal capacity of both of the involved parties contributes to longer disputes. The relaxed time expectations in this process favor the inclusion of developed states and exclude those without the resources necessary to carry out what has become the normal dispute process.     

我国专利权边境保护的现存问题及其制度重构——兼论自贸区专利权边境保护问题

专利权边境保护是各国海关执法的难题。我国海关在专利权保护中也存在着自贸区内专利权边境执法空白、专利权侵权判定困难、边境保护程序与其他行政或司法程序缺乏有效衔接等问题。鉴于此,我国应对专利权边境保护制度进行重构,从根本上改革当前传统的边境保护模式与程序,强化权利人利用边境保护程序进行不正当竞争的法律责任,合理分配专利权人与货方的权利与义务,引入多方参与侵权认定制度,从而更好地服务于我国的创新发展战略。     

The Baltic Model for the Settlement of Individual Consumer Disputes

The aim of this study is to assess the possibilities consumers in the Baltic countries have to fulfil their rights in individual consumer disputes by using different forms of alternative dispute resolution. Special attention will be paid to the relation between the existing alternative dispute resolution (ADR) systems and the European Commission's Recommendation 1998 on ADR. The main finding is that in all three countries individual disputes are settled by the same consumer authorities which are also protecting consumers' collective interests. The system resembles in many respects the Nordic model but there are some significant differences. These differences give good reason to speak about the "Baltic model," which differs from all systems existing in the EC Member States. The most remarkable difference is the right to impose administrative sanctions if a trader refuses to comply with a decision which a consumer authority has made with respect to an individual consumer dispute. The basic structure of the Baltic model does not clash with the principles of the EC Recommendation on ADR adopted in 1998. On the contrary, in practice the Baltic model gives better guarantees for consumer access to justice in individual disputes than many systems used in the Member States.     

How Valuable are the Patents Behind Section 337 Cases?

A US patent protects the owner of the intellectual property from imitators producing in the US and foreign imitators selling in the US market. There are two venues for filing infringement cases against international infringement of US patents, with the International Trade Commission (ITC) using Section 337 of the Tariff Act of 1930 or with federal district courts. Three indicators of patent value suggest that patents litigated under Section 337 are on average more valuable; however, their values tend to be more variable. The latter suggests that some firms may be using Section 337 not for protection against international infringement of US patents but for protection against imports.     

Mind the gap: Tech-based dispute resolutions in global supply blockchains

Blockchain, a type of distributed ledger technology (DLT), can be used for supply chain and is commonly discussed among distribution giants and small players. Blockchain’s actual and perceived benefits, in addition to track-and-trace mandates from regulatory bodies, have driven these discussions. However, there is no mention of how existing dispute resolution processes have been overhauled in favor of blockchain smart contracts, which can be used to manage and resolve disputes. This conversation gap is critical as trust will erode if supply chain partners cannot settle disputes adequately. We highlight the importance of supply chain DLT management and suggest tactics for resolving the inevitable disputes that arise with disparate information. These guidelines, including adopting portable and enforceable contractual terms and a standardized dispute resolution process, can have practical applications beyond blockchain.     

Lost Profits from Patent Infringement: The Simulation Approach

A patent owner is entitled to recover any additional profits that would have been earned but for infringement. This paper suggests the use of an adaptation of merger simulation to assess lost profits in patent infringement cases. A model of the industry with infringement is calibrated to observed prices and quantities and estimated demand elasticities. Lost profits are then estimated by calculating a new equilibrium without the infringing product(s).     

WTO贸易救济措施争端解决的绩效分析——基于动态非平衡面板数据模型系统GMM检验

文章在回顾相关研究的基础上考虑四阶段WTO争端解决程序,根据WTO争端案例结案时长不等的特点和多阶段策略选择难以量化的性质,建立WTO贸易救济措施争端解决绩效动态非平衡面板数据模型,运用系统GMM检验,对WTO贸易救济措施争端解决绩效进行了实证分析。结果表明：积极援引WTO争端解决机制是能够在一定程度上挽回贸易损失的,尤其是双方在争端解决过程中达成的磋商解决、请求专家组中止工作、相互满意解决或者败诉方执行WTO决定等均对申诉方出口贸易具有促进作用;尽快结案将有利于申诉方,而WTO争端解决案件的持续时间越长,越不利于申诉方。