利率规则与通货膨胀：一个模型分析

物价水平居高不下是我国政府和广大居民目前所面临的一个严峻问题。调控货币数量和名义利率水平是治理通货膨胀的两大举措。一部分投资者只能参与产品交易,而另一部分投资者既可以参与产品交易,也可参与债券交易,且存在速度冲击,交易者初始禀赋是同一的条件下,通过公开市场操作而购买债券会降低利率水平;在速度冲击是独立同分布的情况下,速度冲击对货币增长率的影响是暂时性的。     

关于我国通货膨胀与利率调整充分性的分析

本文通过分析我国长期及短期的利率和CPI数据变动状况,探讨我国利率调整的充分性,并做出改善的政策建议.     

基于费雪效应下的利率与物价关系的实证分析

文章应用eviews6.0软件,结合我国1984年-2009年间的利率与物价年度数据,进行了利率与物价关系的实证研究。经研究分析,得出利率的变动与物价的变动成正比,两者存在长期稳定的均衡关系,这与费雪效应有所区别,基于我国当前形势,要灵活应用利率政策。     

通过对费雪方程式的演绎分析我国通货紧缩

本文针对现令中国经济中出现的颇有争论的通货紧缩现象，通过对传统的费雪方程式MV=PY的演绎。分别从M、V、Y着手分析。揭示了我国通货紧缩这一反常现象形成的深层次原因和金融调控对策中存在的问题。     

国际大宗商品价格波动与国内通货膨胀——基于中国数据的实证分析

中国对国际大宗商品的巨大需求决定了其价格波动对国内物价有重要影响。国际大宗商品价格的上涨引起国内通货膨胀的本质是“成本上升型”通货膨胀。国际大宗商品波动在国内传导主要通过直接消费渠道、生产渠道和间接渠道,间接渠道又可细化为预期渠道、联动渠道和扩散渠道。在比较国内外商品价格指数的基础上,本文以中国的数据为基础,建立了进口大宗商品价格指数（缩写为ICPI）。并以CPI、ICPI、产出缺口和货币供应量构建计量模型,得出：货币供应量对我国通货膨胀的影响最大,产出缺口次之,ICPI再次之;但如果考虑到ICPI的波动幅度远大于货币供应量和产出缺口的变化,那么ICPI对CPI的影响可以与产出缺口和货币供应量相提并论。     

金融资产是否具有通胀对冲功能——基于费雪假说的理论与实证述评

介绍国际上股票、商品和黄金等金融资产收益与通货膨胀之间费雪关系的研究经验。一般来说,在长期,股票、商品和黄金收益与通货膨胀正相关,纯粹的货币增长不会侵蚀股票等金融资产实际价值。然而在短期(1年以内),问题则变得非常难解,实证结果往往取决于数据集的特征,比如通胀的度量、时间序列的频度、不同的国家以及使用何种计量方法。     

国际费雪效应在东亚地区存在吗——基于中国视角的探究

在国际费雪效应框架下,从利率角度探究了中国在东亚地区的经济影响力,基于傅立叶函数单位根方法的实证研究表明:中国台湾地区、中国香港地区、韩国、新加坡、印度尼西亚、泰国六个国家(地区)与中国存在国际费雪效应,并且实际利率差异向长期均衡值的调整过程是非线性的,证明我国已基本成为东亚地区的利率驱动国;同时,资本管制等非市场化特征,是造成日本、马来西亚与中国国际费雪效应很弱或不成立的主要原因,这对我国利率市场化进程有重要的政策启示。     

利率调整和通货膨胀预期对大宗商品价格波动的影响--基于中国市场粮价和通货膨胀关系的经验研究

实证研究发现大宗商品价格与货币供给和真实利率存在密切关系,并且大宗商品价格的波动幅度往往要超过通货膨胀的波动幅度。本文在理论上提供了一个理性预期动态一般均衡模型,说明预期通货膨胀波动和利率调整通过改变真实利率影响经济主体的存货需求。存货需求波动进一步使得大宗商品价格波动幅度超过通货膨胀波动幅度,并使得大宗商品价格波动出现“超调”现象。将本模型应用到中国粮食市场发现中国粮食价格波动很好地支持了本模型的结论。     

The Relationship between Interest Rates and Inflation: Examining the Fisher Effect in China

This study revisits the Fisher effect using a different empirical method that considers a potential nonlinear relationship between interest rates (treasury bond rates) and inflation in China. The rising uncertainty and asymmetric information in financial markets between bond holders and bond issuers suggest such a potential nonlinear relationship. To this aim, we apply Shin et al.’s (2014) nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model with asymmetric dynamic multipliers for the sample period 2002M7–2018M4. The empirical findings reveal symmetric and asymmetric partial Fisher effects for all sample bond rates in China. Furthermore, we find that 20-year bond rates experience the lowest partial Fisher effect.     

Nominal Interest Rates as Indicators of Inflation Expectations

The properties of nominal interest rates as indicators of inflation expectations are evaluated. Are they unbiased? How precise are they? To arrive at robust results, a range of different methods are applied on several US and UK data sets. The results show that the interest rate level is a reasonably good indicator of the level of inflation expectations. However, changes in interest rates are poor indicators of changes inflation expectations.     

Convergence in Interest Rates and Inflation Rates Across Countries and Over Time

We examine the relationship between interest rates and inflation rates for 10 countries during the period 1974–95. We find evidence of a unique cointegrating relationship between nominal interest rates of European Monetary System (EMS) countries, the US and Canada, and the US, Germany, and Japan. No similar relationship is obtained between inflation rates with one exception, namely, that between the US and Canada. We interpret these results as convergence in inflation but not in interst rates. Hence, if interest rates represent an indicator of monetary policy, the countries considered have attempted to implement independent policies but not to an extent which produced divergent trends in inflation.     

中国通货膨胀对社会福利影响的实证分析

通货膨胀究竟会给社会福利水平带来多大的影响,这是经济学者和各级政府所广泛关注的重要问题。本文基于双对数货币需求函数,结合中国1992—2004年的时间序列数据,通过应用计量经济学前沿方法得到货币需求的利率弹性和相应参数值,然后使用消费者剩余方法和变异补偿方法来具体估算中国通货膨胀对社会福利的影响。实证结果表明:将利率从14%降至3%会改善社会的福利水平,其数值相当于增加实际产出的0.67%;将利率从3%降至零带来的福利收益相当于增加实际产出的0.19%;通货膨胀越高,社会福利水平越低,因此,提高社会福利水平的一个重要手段是维持低通货膨胀.     

Inflation Expectations, Interest Rates and Arbitrary Income Transfers

Unexpected inflation, disinflation or deflation cause arbitrary income transfers between an economy's borrowers and lenders. This redistribution results from distorted real interest rates that are too high when price level changes are over‐predicted and too low when they are under‐predicted. This article shows that in Australia's case, inflation expectations were mostly biased upwards throughout the 1990s, according to the Melbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research series and to a new derived series based on bond yields, implying that real interest rates were too high over this time. In turn, this caused substantial arbitrary income transfers from debtors to creditors, estimated to have averaged up to 3 per cent of gross domestic product over the period.     

An Empirical Examination of the Fisher Effect in Australia*

This paper analyzes the Fisher effect in Australia. Initial testing indicates that both interest rates and inflation contain unit roots. Furthermore, there are indications that the variables have non-standard error processes. To overcome problems associated with this and derive the correct small sample distributions of test statistics we make use of Monte Carlo simulations. These tests indicate that while a long-run Fisher effect seems to exist, there is no evidence of a short-run Fisher effect. This suggests that, while short-run changes in interest rates reflect changes in monetary policy, longer run levels indicate inflationary expectations. Thus, the longer run level of interest rates should not be used to characterize the stance of monetary policy.     

通货膨胀影响股票市场的实证分析

本文主要考察通货膨胀对中国股票市场股票收益的影响.计量分析发现,通货膨胀与中国股票市场的股票收益呈负相关关系,但在统计上并不显著,且通货膨胀对沪深股市的影响存在较为明显的差异特征.这表明,尽管深沪两市基本制度架构相似,但市场运行模式存在一定的差异性.     

The Impact of Inflation Uncertainty on Interest Rates in the UK

This paper assesses the effect of expected inflation and inflation risk on interest rates within the Fisher hypothesis framework. Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedastic models are used to estimate the conditional variability of inflation as a proxy for risk. With the UK quarterly data from 1958:4 to 1994:4, we found that both the expected inflation and the conditional variability of inflation positively affect the UK three‐month Treasury‐bill rate.     

利率与银行风险承担行为的实证分析

作为货币政策传导机制中的重要中介指标,利率对银行风险承担的影响形式和路径因各国经济金融制度不同而存在差异。以中国银行业为研究对象,选择16家上市银行为样本,就2002~2013年间利率对其风险承担行为的影响进行实证分析。研究结果表明:不良贷款率而不是风险资产比率更适合衡量银行风险承担行为;利率水平与不良贷款率之间的确存在着显著的反向变化关系;银行风险具有动态性和延续性;银行异质性与利率的交互作用尚没有对银行风险产生显著影响。