供应链战略联盟问题研究

文章首先介绍了供应链战略联盟的内涵和特点,然后介绍了供应链战略联盟存在的问题,最后提出了构筑供应链战略联盟的一些有效措施。     

Governance and Performance of Strategic Alliances in Africa: The Role of Institutions

ABSTRACT

This article seeks to contribute to the institutional perspective of the governance of strategic intercompany alliances in Africa, through examination and analysis of a typology of informal African institutions. We support the view that interactions in African institutions determine the pertinent choice of governance mechanisms for intercompany alliances. In African institutional environments, the success of strategic alliances is subject to differentiated interactions among the contract, institutional confidence, interpersonal confidence and inter-organizational confidence. In the area of strategic management, this article provides theoretical and managerial contributions to our understanding of the institutional approach to the governance of strategic business alliances in Africa.     

关于我国家电企业国际战略联盟的探讨

国际战略联盟日益成为跨国企业提升国际竞争力的工具。本文旨在回顾我国家电企业国际化历程,探讨家电企业国际化的方式,并在比较分析各种方式利弊的基础上,引入战略联盟的概念。结合家电企业的国际战略联盟实践,对我国家电企业实施国际战略联盟的开发和管理提出有价值的建议。     

BOOK REVIEW

ABSTRACT

Partner selection is one of the key aspects of alliance strategy. Selection of appropriate partners can have a significant impact on the success of an alliance. In this study, we examine whether firms seek symmetric alliance partners. Symmetry is examined in respect of several criteria such as goals, management style, size, experience, power and dependence. Based on the responses of 179 Singapore managers, we find that, in most respects, firms indeed seek symmetric partners. Our results are quite robust across sub-samples consisting of firms with different performance levels in previous alliances and having varying levels of prior alliance experience.     

Horizontal Strategic Alliances and Company Behavior

Abstract

Despite the growing interest over the last ten years in strategic alliances as a source of competitive advantage, such initiatives have often been affected by different sorts of problems during implementation. This paper examines the categories into which such problems can be classified-environmental problems, structural problems, and problems with management attitudes and expectations-and discusses their effect on two cases of horizontal strategic alliances in Brazil.

A pesar del creciente intérs en los últimos diez años con respecto a la utilización de alianzas estratégicas como una fuente para generar ventajas competitivas, estas iniciativas han sido frecuentemente afectadas ppor diferentes tipos de problemas en su fase de implementación. Este artículo examina las categorías en que estos problemas pueden ser clasificados-problemas ambientales, problemas estructurales y problemas inherentes a las actitudes y expectativas de la administración-y discute sus efectos en dos casos de alianzas horizontales en Brasil.

Apesar do crescente interesse a respeito de alianças estratégicas como uma fonte de vantagem competitiva durante os últimos dez anos, essas iniciativas tem sido freqüentemente afetadas por toda a sorte de problemas durante a implementação. Esse trabalho examina as categoriasnas quais esses problemas podem ser classificados-problemas ambientais, problemas estruturais e problemas com as atitudes e as expectativas dos gestores-e discute os seus efeitos sobre dois casos de aliança estratégica horizontal no Brasil.     

基于供应链战略联盟的竞争优势研究

在阐述供应链与供应链战略联盟内涵的基础上,以SWOT战略理论为分析框架来研究供应链战略联盟形成的原因,并从低成本竞争优势与差异化竞争优势两方面对供应链战略联盟所创造的竞争优势进行深入研究。     

企业战略联盟与中国产业组织优化

企业战略联盟作为一种新型企业组织形式 ,能够促进我国企业的专业化分工与协作 ,抑制市场过度竞争 ,弥补企业兼并缺陷等。现阶段 ,应通过企业制度改革、企业组织结构调整和完善企业联盟内部运作机制等 ,促进我国企业战略联盟的发展。     

论中国企业战略联盟的发展

战略联盟是指两个或两个以上的企业间或特定事业与职能部门间,为了实现共同目标和各公司的战略目标,通过公司协议或联合组织等方式结成在一起的网络式的经营联合体。战略联盟作为企业一种新的战略方式其形成既有来自企业外部的原因,也有来自企业内部的原因。我国企业应大胆选择战略联盟这种战略,弄清建立战略联盟应着重考虑的问题,以便成功地建立战略联盟,提高我国企业的国际竞争力。     

Strategic Positioning of Alliances

In this paper we use a simple linear demand structure to analyze firms’ and alliances’ strategic positioning with regard to cost reduction and product differentiation. In particular, we compare investment decisions under competition and in alliances and analyze comparative static properties concerning changes in market size. In contrast to Porter (1980 Porter, M.E. 1980. Competitive Strategy, New York: The Free Press. [Crossref] [Google Scholar]), this model explicitly allows firms to allocate their budget between the two strategies. The analysis reveals that the optimal allocation of resources for strategic positioning changes markedly when a firm enters an alliance: the general investment level decreases with a shift towards more cost reduction and less product differentiation. Another finding is that alliances (as well as independent firms) in larger markets invest more in both strategies and investment is driven towards product differentiation. These results are in line with Klepper’s (1996 Klepper, S. 1996. Entry, exit, and innovation over the product life cycle. American Economic Review, 86(3): 562–83.  [Google Scholar]) findings as they show that the attractiveness of following cost leadership or differentiation strategies changes through industry evolution.     

推进武汉产学研战略联盟的思考

产学研战略联盟是提升自主创新能力的重要途径,推进产学研战略联盟已经成为中国实践可持续发展战略和科教兴国战略的自觉选择,分析了武汉产学研战略联盟的发展现状及其制约因素,提出了推进武汉产学研战略联盟的几点建议。     

企业战略联盟的组织形态演进

长期以来,战略联盟一直是战略管理中倍受关注的焦点。从两条主线追溯了战略联盟组织形态的演进路径———其中一条是战略联盟的组织形态特征,另外一条则是企业联盟的战略涵义。分析战略联盟组织形态演进过程中的共同特征,对我国企业的发展和竞争具有一定的现实意义。     

摩托车企业组建战略联盟的经济学思考

改革开放以来,摩托车作为我国汽车工业中的一支生力军得到了迅猛发展。但2001年摩托车产业利润全线滑坡的事实迫使我们反思:摩托车产业路在何方?从成本效益角度来看,组建摩托车企业战略联盟是当前摩托车产业摆脱危机的明智选择。     

企业战略联盟不稳定性研究综述

自20世纪80年代以来,战略联盟以惊人的速度增长,经受不住如此快速的发展,联盟的不稳定性一直维持在较高的水平上。战略联盟不稳定性的产生具有各种原因,对影响战略联盟不稳定性的各种因素进行全面的梳理,以利于对此问题的进一步研究。     

Strategic Implications of Alliances and Networks of Horizontal Portals in Brazil

ABSTRACT

This paper contributes to recent research on strategic networks by making evident the relevance of identifying network implications for the conduct and performance of firms that are embedded in alliance networks and other strategic relationships in a typical industry of the new economy. Through a study of horizontal portals in Brazil from 2000 to 2002, it shows that an assessment of the implications for these firms' networks can provide relational insights for corporate decision-making that could not be found through traditional strategic analyses, such as those of the positioning school or the Resource-Based View.

RESUMEN. Este estudio ofrece una contribución para un análisis realizado recientemente sobre las redes estratégicas, haciendo hincapié en la importancia que se debe dar a la identificación de las implicancias inherentes a estas redes, cuanto al comportamiento y desempeño de las empresas arraigadas en la alianza de redes y otras relaciones estratégicas, en una industria típica de la nueva economía. A través del estudio de los portales horizontales en el Brasil entre los años 2000 y 2002, se demuestra que una evaluación de las implicancias para las redes de dichas empresas puede suministrar una visión relacional para la toma de decisiones corporativas, inexistentes en los análisis estratégicos tradiciones, tales como los elaborados por las escuelas de posicionamiento o bajo la perspectiva denominada Resource-Based View.

RESUMO. O presente estudo contribui para pesquisas recentes sobre redes estratégicas, evidenciando a relevância da identificação das implicaç[otilde]es da rede para a conduta e desempenho das empresas envolvidas de redes e outros relacionamentos estratégicos em um setor típico da nova economia. Por meio da análise dos portais horizontais no Brasil de 2000 a 2002, o estudo mostra que uma avaliação das implicaç[otilde]es para essas redes de empresas pode gerar insights para processos decisórios corporativos que não são encontrados por meio de análises estratégicas tradicionais, como as da escola de posicionamento ou a visão baseada em recursos.     

Strategic Implications of Alliances and Other Linkages of Leading Telecom Operators in Brazil: Network and International Perspectives

In response to competitive pressures created by privatization, telecom firms in developing countries are establishing alliances and other types of linkages—mergers and acquisitions—with foreign partners to ensure customer competitive advantages in global markets. However, there have been very few studies on the alliances of telecom operators in Brazil, an increasingly important BRIC. This article presents the results of research that aimed to fill this gap by identifying, from a network/international perspective, the opportunities/threats created by the relevant linkages of leading telecom operators in Brazil. The results suggest that acquisitions—and especially alliance-type linkages with foreign partners—have created opportunities for boosting performance, in keeping with their new strategic profile.     

我国企业发展战略联盟的动因

20世纪90年代以来,世界上最重要和最有影响力的跨国公司把发展企业联盟战略作为其生存与发展、提高国际竞争力的重要手段之一。面对加入世贸组织后的挑战,我国企业在跨国公司主导的经济全球化的浪潮中,如何参与和发展企业战略联盟,提高国际竞争力,使我国企业经营管理与国际管理惯例接轨,并按国际通行管理游戏规则办事至关重要。     

Strategic alliances by financial services firms

We examine a sample of strategic alliances made by financial services firms during 1986 to 2003. The market reacts positively to the announcements of alliances and seems to incorporate the information about the value of alliances at the time of alliance announcements. We find no evidence of abnormal stock performance after announcements. Our results also suggest that strategic alliances usually are used as a final form of cooperation rather than as a first step towards closer cooperation between firms. For instance, only about 5% of alliances are followed with joint ventures or mergers of partner firms. Nevertheless, strategic alliance firms are more likely to form joint ventures or merge than randomly selected and matched firms. Furthermore, the market reacts more favorably to the alliance announcements by firms that are subsequently acquired by the alliance partners.     

A Strategic Perspective of Communication and Information Systems in Marketing Channels

Ifnormation and communication systems are not finance, marketing, or logistics domains. They are corporate/strategic domains that must focus on channel management issues. The corporate strategies and strategic postures of manufacturers and distributors alike have traditionally been driven by marketing, financial, and sometimes logistical considerations. Given the strategic impact of information and communication systems, there are good reasons to believe that the future may hold interorganizational strategic management thrusts driven by information and communication systems linkages. The author explores these strategic thrusts and presents a framework illustrative of the trajectory of alternative strategic and tactical vectors for marketing channel information and communication.     

International Equity Joint Ventures in Ghana and Cote D'Ivoire

Abstract

This paper examines international equity joint ventures (IJVs) in West Africa, presenting data from 45 British and French alliances with local partners in Ghana and Cote D'Ivoire. A comparison with prior studies finds remarkable consistency in the characteristics of IJVs between firms from DCs and LDCs in the following dimensions: motives, instability, asymmetry in equity distribution, frequency of government association, source of CEO, autonomy in management. Differences in IJVs between developed and less developed countries appear cursory rather than fundamental and focus on MNEs' dissatisfaction with IJV performance, the control relationship, and level of equity.     

Strategic fit, contractual, and procedural governance in alliances

This paper focuses on the simultaneous mediating and moderating effects of different governance mechanisms on the relationship between conditions for alliance formation and outcome. Alliance governance takes two distinct forms: contractual integration and procedural coordination. While contracts may help set the legal parameters of the alliance agreement, it is day-to-day coordination of activities and processes that determine the effectiveness of such contracts. The proposed framework explains how knowledge outcome of collaborative relationships may be determined by the match of partner motives, influenced by the mix of contractual and procedural governance. A series of testable propositions helps answer the following question. Do combinations of contractual and procedural governance mechanisms, given specific strategic fit, explain knowledge performance differentials?