Innovation and University‐Firm R&D Collaboration in the European Food and Drink Industry

In the National Innovation System (NIS), knowledge is produced and accumulated through interactive innovation processes that are embedded in a national context, which in turn may help determine innovation. This paper investigates how product and process innovations in the European food and drink industry are affected by: (i) NIS structure; (ii) NIS output in terms of scientific publications and the supply of graduates; (iii) NIS cohesion and coordination; (iv) NIS scientific impact and specialisation. The main source of data on innovation by firms is the EU‐EFIGE/Bruegel‐UniCredit dataset. This is supplemented by information from the International Handbook of Universities, Eurostat and a bibliometric analysis of academic research output. Our results suggest that large research institutions in the public sector may well be detrimental to interaction between university and industry and to process innovation. The indicators used for public research assessment are not necessarily the most appropriate proxies of local knowledge spillovers.     

黑龙江森工林区林业产业结构演变趋势及优势产业选择

采用灰色预测方法对黑龙江森工林区2018—2027年林业三次产业产值进行预测,并在此基础上利用动态偏离-份额分析方法对此阶段黑龙江森工林区的林业优势产业进行选择。结果表明:2019年黑龙江森工林区林业产业结构将演变为"三、一、二"模式;林业第一产业中的林木育种和育苗、经济林产品的种植和采集业可作为优势产业进行重点发展和管理。因此,提出优化黑龙江森工林区林业产业结构的相关建议:继续巩固发展林木育种和育苗、经济林产品的种植和采集这两个优势产业;推动加工制造业向深加工、精加工的方向转变;加强林业旅游与休闲服务业的竞争力。     

Strategic Behavior and Consolidation in the Agricultural Biotechnology Industry

We develop a model explaining the consolidation patterns in the agricultural biotechnology industry. Among different consolidation and cooperation mechanisms, we consider collaborative and licensing agreements, joint ventures, acquisitions, and exchanges of ownership and spin-offs. The key results derive from the benefits of coordinated actions, distinction between transferable and nontransferable payoffs, the substitutability, complementarity, and the importance of the managers' noncontractible investments, and access and expansion of markets. Results from the model are used to examine the cooperation and consolidation activities for four major players in the agricultural biotechnology industry, DuPont , Dow Chemical , Monsanto , and Novartis .     

餐饮业发展中食品卫生安全问题的影响与改善措施

近年来,随着社会经济的发展,我国居民的生活水平得到持续提升,对生活质量、食品卫生安全等方面有了更高的要求。但目前我国餐饮业在发展中存在较多问题,对居民的健康生活、社会的稳定发展造成了影响。本文分析了餐饮业发展中食品卫生安全问题所产生的影响,并提出我国餐饮业在发展中存在的食品卫生安全问题和相应的改善措施,希望能改善餐饮业的发展现状,提升餐饮企业的经营管理意识,从而保证食品的卫生安全,推动社会的稳定发展。     

辽宁省高新技术产业发展对经济影响的定量分析

本文以辽宁省为研究单元,运用格兰杰(Granger)因果检验分析辽宁省高新技术产业与经济发展的关系,结果表明两者存在双向因果关系;同时使用柯布—道格拉斯(C-D)生产函数表明辽宁省高新技术产业的发展对全省工业经济有着良好的拉动作用,但是对整个经济结构的转变贡献率还较低,所以应进一步加强辽宁省高新技术产业的发展,加速实现将经济增长从劳动和资本密集型的传统工业增长方式向技术密集型的高新技术产业增长方式转变。