Innovative performance in African technical projects—A multi-level study

In this paper, we discuss how the societal context of sub-Saharan Africa is related to the innovative performance of project teams. We developed propositions based on previous literature while also using insights from experts from the sub-Saharan section of Africa. We then tested these propositions using a case based approach. Specifically, we examined the propositions through interviews with team leaders in three companies located in sub-Saharan Africa (two located in Nigeria and one located in South Africa). This empirical examination of real-life project teams in sub-Saharan Africa led us to an improved understanding concerning the consequences of African societal characteristics for the innovative performance of teams. Essentially, our findings suggest that managers of African projects need to adapt their methods (1) to incorporate and utilize the diversity inherent in society, (2) to (re)direct the focus of entire projects towards creating value for human beings, and (3) to maintain acceptable and security-giving hierarchies. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our findings.     

Hungary：Diversity in Reach

Those who have been to Hungary have seen what a special, exciting country this is. It does not even cover 100, 000 sq. kms., and yet is unbelievably varied. The flat plains are broken by hilly regions, and there are even some modest mountains looking down on us. We can take our ease on the banks of small streams or great rivers, beside enticing ponds or on the shores of one the biggest lakes in Europe. You can stroll down     

Hungary:Diversity in Reach

Those who have been to Hungary have seen what a special, exciting country this is. It does not even cover 100,000 sq. kms., and yet is unbelievably varied. The flat plains are broken by hilly regions, and there are even some modest mountains looking down on us. We can take our ease on the banks of small streams or great rivers, beside enticing ponds or on the shores of one the biggest lakes in Europe. You can stroll down the streets of towns with individual characters filled with traditional architecture, stop at tiny villages to see wonders not to be found elsewhere, or visit coffee houses or restaurants with centuries of tradition designed to serve your pleasure. For visitors, there are three things in Hungary which are especially interesting: its natural beauty, history, and something that strikes one immediately: its perfect harmony.     

Special Economic Zones——New growth points in China's economy

It was approved by the State Council in1984 to establish economic andtechnological development zones in 14coastal port cities to function as windows forthose cities to attract foreign investment,introduce advanced technology andmanagement methods and expand the export-oriented economy. Since 1992, 18 otherdevelopment zones have been approved bythe Council, increasing the number of suchzones to 32.     

Five Points in One Line——Liaoning Costal Economic Zone

To promote the economy in Liaoning and to revitalize the industry base in Northeastern China, we need to improve the competing ability of coastal industrial clusters in Liaoning Province.Through the industrial cluster around the projected Northeast Asia Shipping Center in Liaoning, the province will boost the development and construction of coastal area step by step: join these ports thereinto a line and form a cluster and then realize the overall prosperity.     

Five Points in One Line——Liaoning Costal Economic Zone

To promote the economy in Liaoning and to revitalize the industry base in Northeastern China, we need to improve the competing ability of coastal industrial clusters in Liaoning Province. Through the industrial cluster around the projected Northeast Asia Shipping Center in Liaoning, the province will boost the development and construction of coastal area step by step： join these ports there into a line and form a cluster and then realize the overall prosperity.     

Building Industry in Vigourous Development

Since 1994, a vigourous development has emerged in China's construction thanks to the remarkable progress of our economicreform and the continuous, stable and healthy growth of the national economy The national key construction projects have been speeded up with the improved completion of investment plans and capital funds, compared to 1993. The macro control of real estate has achieved     

Economic Keywords in 2007 in China

RMB exchange rate The exchange rate of Renminbi, the Chinese currency,witnessed an appreciation of around six percent to one U.S.dollar this year.On Decem- ber 13,the central parity rate stood at RMB 7.3568 against one dollar, according to the Chinese Foreign Exchange Trading System,breaking the 7.36 mark.     

Present Economic Situation and 1997 Economic Trends in China

It is of great significance with the development of China's foreign trade and the economic and trade expansion in China by foreign businessmen to get a clear understanding of the present economic situation and the 1997 economic trends in China.     

A Foreign-Oriented Economic Entity——Wenzhou Economic and Technical Development Corporation

Located at 30 Lucheng Road, Wenzhou, the Wenzhou Economic and Technical Development Corporation(WETDC) was founded in September 1985. It was granted of self-operational rights for imports and exports by the former Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade in November 1992. The corporation is a special composite foreign trade company, integrating foreign     

Discover Hungary in Your Own Way!

Discover Hungary in your own way! Don't just look,but do! You don't want anyone telling you what to do and how,but you'd like to take on some active lei- sure? If you're a devotee of water sports or fishing,you'll be met by sunshine,clean air,an undisturbed countryside,numerous rivers,lakes and streams as well as Central Europe's largest lake and river.Lovers of the hunt will be tempted by ter- ritories rich in game and enormous trophies,while there are professional courses for golfers.If it's hills and woods that you're after,there are hundreds of kilometers of nature trails through spectacular countryside,while for passionate cyclists and equestrians there are fiat and hilly terrains,marked routes and unspoilt nature,fi'ee of restraints,forbidding signs and fences. Some like to be free.If that includes you,come and give it a try! By Editor     

Economic Information Industry in China

Human history has experienced agricultural society and industrial society and is now entering the information society. The major economic developed countries of the world have drawn up and implemented their information plans. An information revolution is being carried out around the world. How to set up China's information industry and economic information network is of prime     

Smoothing Economic Trends in 2008

2008 marks the first time that the government has changed the monetary policy from ＂prudent＂ to ＂tight＂. For the last ten years China has been following the prudent approach, but this change is required to stabilize economic expansion in future.     

Further Economic Opening in Langfang

Situated between Beijing and Tianjin, Langfang City has a jurisdiction of two cities and six counties with a population of 3.52 million, and covers an area of 6, 429 sq kms. With a superior geographic position, rich natural resources, convenient transport and highly-developed telecommunications, the city is known as the Beijing-Tianjin Golden Corridor. Since the reform and econotnic opening, the city has achievedremarkable     

2014 Chinese Economic Outlook——New Round of Economic Reform to Unfold

【正】The holding of the Third Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee heralds a new round of political re-form that will inject new momentum and energy into...     

Harbin—An International Economic and Trade City in Northeast Asia

Harbin is the largest city in Northeast China, an economic centre of Northeast Asia with great potential. It is the hub of the Eurasia Continental Bridge and air corridor, and one of China's important industrial bases with a strong economic and technology performance.     

China to Construct An Innovative Country in 2020

The National Mid and Long Period Program on Scientific and Technol- atio of contribution of China＇s scientific and technology progress to the economic growth should be improved to 60%, the ratio of R ＆ D investment in GDP should be improved to 2.5%.     

China Sees Changes in Economic Environment

Latest figures from the Chinese Central Bank showedthat prices of capital goods and consumer goods surged 8,8% and 7.4% over last year.     

Economic and Trade Arbitration in China

It is well known that arbitration is oneof the good ways businessmencommonly choose when they havedisputes arising from their businessactivities.Chinese businessmen have begun toadopt arbitration to make settlement oftheir disputes. They, however, prefer toseek arbitration in China. It is becausearbitration in China is cost-effective,and more importantly, they have trustin the permanent arbitration institutionsin China, preferable to the risks involvedin arbitration by foreign arbitrationinst…