A Benchmark for B2B Use of E-Commerce

ABSTRACT

A telephone survey of 517 corporate executives in large and mixed-sized companies was used to determine the status of business-to-business (B2B) e-commerce. Findings included that only one-quarter of respondents used B2B e-commerce in their businesses, but 41% said that their companies planned to add e-commerce to their Websites. Of those who conducted e-commerce, 73% found it a profitable way to reach customers without cannibalizing traditional sales revenue. The timing of the survey, between periods of economic expansion, makes this a valuable benchmark for the adoption of e-commerce.     

B2B电子商务模式在我国的研究现状及发展趋势

随着B2B电子商务行业的迅速发展,其盈利模式越来越受到企业界和学术界的重视。目前,有关其盈利模式的理论和实践研究在我国一般集中于主要盈利模式的分析、盈利模式的影响因素、盈利策略和模式创新等方面,但仍存在单方面的系统研究、深层次的实践分析研究和用以定量分析的高水平手段等方面的不足。未来其发展趋势主要是要建立符合我国顾客需求的B2B高层次盈利模式并进行专业化研究,加快完善定量分析手段,提高B2B盈利模式分析水平。     

企业向平台型B2B电子商务模式的转型策略研究

文章首先对平台型B2B电子商务模式及企业向平台型B2B电子商务模式的转型进行了概念界定和文献综述;然后以分层研究的思想,将企业向平台型B2B电子商务模式转型的策略体系划分为目的层、理论层、过程层、手段层及外部支撑层5个层次,并基于以往相关文献对各个层次进行了分析,从而构建了相应的策略体系框架;再则,以上海爱姆意公司为案例,验证分析了所建框架;最后,归纳出我国企业向平台型B2B电子商务模式转型的关键步骤。     

农业供应链中影响B2B电子商务发展的决定性因素

影响农业供应链中电子商务发展的三个决定性因素:产业结构、产品复杂性、农产品交易的高接触性。目前在此基础上分别从产业结构、市场和产品专长、组织发展三个方面构建了农业供应链电子商务解决方案的成功策略。     

B2C电子商务企业物流配送模式的选择研究

近年来,B2C电子商务市场增长迅速,吸引了大量B2C企业进入。在国内物流业整体局面不佳的情况下,B2C企业如何进行物流配送模式选择显得尤为重要。B2C企业的物流配送模式包括自营物流模式、外包物流模式、自营与外包混合模式、共同配送模式。企业在选择某一种模式时,应该认真考察成本、效率和服务这三个要素,在制定物流服务战略时需要考虑三者的平衡。基于AHP法的B2C企业物流配送模式最优方案是采用物流外包模式而,采用共同配送模式则是次优方案。     

黄冈农副产品电子商务平台推广及网络销售策略

黄冈市由于缺乏有效的市场渠道,营销观念不强,市场开拓不足,致使资源丰富的农副产品商品率低、市场知名度不高的状况长期得不到扭转。黄冈市应把具有黄冈特色,凝结黄冈历史、风情、地理、民族特色以及具有实用、美观、可藏等特点的黄冈土特产品,按中、高档次进行分类,锁定目标客户,建立电子商务平台,实施网络销售策略,通过搜索引擎营销、论坛营销、软文营销、视频营销等手段,引领黄冈农副产品进入国内国际市场,进而促进黄冈农业产业化发展。     

The Transition to E-Commerce: A Case Study of a Rural-Based Travel Agency

ABSTRACT

When the Internet started to establish itself in the corporate world, some observers foresaw a diminishing role for, if not the end to, many intermediary functions. Consequently it has been argued that suppliers will need to use the Internet and related technologies to cut costs and establish closer links with consumers by bypassing organizations that currently play an intermediary role in the traditional transaction system. The objective of this case study is to enhance the understanding of the process of transition from a traditional business model to an e-commerce model. It focuses on a very small business that has successfully navigated the transition to e-commerce.     

B2C电子商务的物流配送模式探究——以天猫和京东商城为例

目前,我国电子商务发展较快,消费者网络购物热情不断升温,研究B2C电子商务的物流配送并选择最佳物流配送模式显得尤为重要。通过对天猫商城与京东商城B2C企业物流配送模式的分析与对比表明,由于订单量增长太快,物流中心配送能力跟不上,出现配送延迟,致使许多消费者对网购产生置疑,体验不佳。对B2C电子商务物流配送模式的改进意见是:建立物流动态联盟,实现企业资源的优化配置。     

B2B Negotiation Support: The Need for a Communication Perspective

Negotiation support is an important challenge for business-to-business e-commerce that is still poorly supported in current information systems. One reason is that negotiation processes are much harder to formalize than the business processes in the fulfilment phase. The goal of this paper is to provide the basis for a formal analysis of different types of electronic negotiations which can help developers of future negotiation support systems. The analysis is performed from a communication perspective, in particular, Habermas' theory of communicative action. Using this perspective, a distinction can be made between norm-oriented, goal-oriented and document-based negotiation. Whereas traditional modeling methods take a data-oriented view, the theory of communicative action supports a communication-oriented view that provides more insight in the logic of negotiation processes. The analysis forms the basis for the negotiation support prototype implemented within the ESPRIT project MeMo (Mediating and Monitoring Electronic Commerce) which was aimed at B2B e-commerce for SMEs in Europe.     

我国企业对消费者电子商务的瓶颈与出路

本文认为,无店铺网上B2C企业产生问题的根源是其在没有实体店铺支撑的情况下,面向众多消费者开展大范围配送的商务模式.无店铺网上B2C只是零售电子商务发展的一个阶段,传统零售企业进入B2C电子商务市场将拥有诸多优势,未来B2C电子商务的主流模式将让位于传统零售企业领衔的"鼠标+水泥"电子商务模式.文章指出,在传统零售企业进入电子商务市场后,将给B2C电子商务带来积极影响,传统零售与网上零售要走向融合,实体化与区域性电子商务将成为B2C电子商务的主流.     

产业组织中B2B电子商务发展影响因素框架构建与实证分析——技术创新视角的审视

企业技术创新的动机和影响是产业经济学的重要内容,而以互联网为基础的企业间电子商务的发展又是20世纪90年代以来产业组织中一项重大的技术创新。本文以技术创新为核心,构建了以创新特征、企业背景以及组织结构三方面10个子变量以及28个观测变量为基础的分析框架,并实证考察分析了影响企业间电子商务发展的因素。最后有针对性地进行了总结并提出需要进一步研究的问题。     

Toward Mass Customized Product Deployment in E-Commerce: The Modularization Function and Postponement Strategy

Strategically deploying customized products in an e-commerce environment not only helps businesses respond with greater agility to customer needs and strengthen their market position, but also helps businesses gain competitive edge and increase profitability. Underlying successful mass customization within the digital marketplace, a firm needs a methodology for striking a balance between the degree of customization and product pricing and delivery time—a critical supply chain issue. Providing either too much or too little customization can negatively impact both the business and the customer.

This study introduces a decision-making method for product customization. This method takes into account the level of customization, production costs, and the product delivery time and applies the concept of postponement strategy to the product supply chain to boost overall supply chain effectiveness and customer satisfaction. Bicycle customization is used as an example to demonstrate the feasibility of the new approach to determine the optimal level of customization in product deployment.     

旅游电子商务人才需求预测及对策研究——以江苏省为例

科学预测旅游电子商务人才资源的需求量,对于调整人才培养策略,开发人才资源,促进经济发展,实现江苏省"十二五"规划具有极其重要的意义。应用灰色系统理论,对江苏省"十二五"期间旅游电子商务人才需求进行了预测,得出江苏省旅游电子商务人才需求将继续保持快速增长的结论。为确保行业健康、快速发展,江苏省应不断完善政策环境,增强支持力度;对准市场需求,积极探索旅游电子商务人才培养模式;改善行业环境,促进优良的人才成长。     

The Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing at 21 and My Perspective on the Field of B to B Marketing

ABSTRACT

Purpose: The author shares his thoughts on the progression of the Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing and the field of business-to-business (B to B) marketing over the last 21 years. The author discusses the field of B to B marketing research and examines the gaps that exist between theory and practice and in the quality of papers among the top-tier marketing journals and the three journals that are dedicated to B to B marketing research.

Methodology[#x0002F]approach: Because the article represents both the author[#x02019]s perspective on the current state of B to B research and his views on how well the Journal of Business-to-Business Marketing has contributed to and influenced the field, the approach taken is primarily conceptual. Also, the approach allowed the author to opine as to the future direction of the field.

Findings: Although much progress has been made in improving the quality and relevance of B to B research, there still exists a relative gap in the number of submitted papers, the quality of these papers, and the impact, with some exceptions, that B to B scholars have on marketing theory and practice. Much of the gap can be attributed to the lack of adequate doctoral training. The gap is more a relative comparison to those who would follow a business-to-consumer (B to C) research path.

Research implications: Doctoral training for those interested in B to B marketing need to explore other fields of study (e.g., political science, sociology) as well as to be better equipped in more rigorous methods by which to examine the phenomenon that they select to study. The quality of the research in the domain referred to as B to B marketing has improved over the years. The belief that it is more difficult to conduct B to B research than it might be in the B to C world is no longer an excuse for a poorly conceived and executed study. The journal gives a voice to those who wish to study and conduct research in B to B marketing.

Practical implications: The implications for practice are immediate and would result in an increase in the dialogue between academics and practicing managers. Given the importance of B to B marketing to the world[#x02019]s economy, B to B scholars ought to pursue problems that are relevant to the world of practice.

Originality[#x0002F]value[#x0002F]contribution: In light of the fact that this is the 21^st anniversary of the journal, I was asked by Editor-in-Chief David Lichtenthal to present my

opinions as to the state of both the journal and the state of the field. I believe that the article builds on the work of others and hopefully sets a direction for future B to B scholars.     

B2C电子商务企业如何提升顾客让渡价值的思考与分析

在电子商务环境下,网上购物环境发生了巨大变化,影响顾客价值的因素也随之发生变化,这导致了顾客感知价值的变化。根据顾客价值因素构建B2C电子商务环境下顾客让渡价值的概念化模型,电子商务企业应采取相应措施来提高总顾客价值,降低总顾客成本,从而提高顾客让渡价值。     

从交易营销到战略营销:营销理论范式的比较与创新

市场营销发展的历史表明,在现代的市场竞争下单纯依赖以4Ps策略为分析框架的交易营销范式已经逐渐失去了对新问题的解释力。关系营销范式因为缺乏明确的研究框架和分析工具还不能成为主流的营销范式。而伴随着现代竞争的日益发展,基于竞争和顾客导向的战略营销管理理论范式越来越具有影响力。SMM范式具备一个全新的理论范式的条件,将对未来我国企业的营销战略的制定,长远的营销发展具有重要的意义。     

Marketing of specialised products and services to consumers with disabilities: exploring the role of advertising,country-of-origin,and e-commerce

This article contains an exploration of the needs, preferences and concerns of consumers with disabilities (CwD) considering their acquisition of specialised products and services. An exploratory survey among 215 Italian citizens was carried out, all of whom are dealing with some type of disability. Quantitative and qualitative data were used to generate insight into CwD buying preferences and the difficulties associated with finding what they want/need. The results are presented under four main research issues: the consumers’ difficulty in finding the right product/service provider, the perceived degree of advertisement for products/services, the importance of the origin of the product/service provider, and finally, CwD willingness to buy products online. A number of practical implications and suggestions to improve marketing of specialised products and services to this target group are provided, which may help businesses to improve their economic success. The findings of this research may also help the CwD to improve their quality of life.     

Bridging the B2C and B2B Research Divide: The Domain of Retailing Literature

As the oldest academic journal in marketing, Journal of Retailing publishes research dealing with all sorts of B2B and B2C retailing-related topics. However, there appears to be a perception that Journal of Retailing welcomes only research pertaining to B2C issues. In this article, we debunk that perception through an analysis of the content of Journal of Retailing articles published during the 2002-2008 period. In particular, we find that only 18.7% of Journal of Retailing's content is devoted exclusively to B2C or C2C (consumer-to-consumer) topics. The remainder focuses on B2B research issues. We explore the implications of these findings for researchers who wish to pursue retailing-related B2B research.     

Understanding Customers' Intention to Seek for a Better Deal in Electronic Marketplace: The Role of Tolerance for Sacrifice Gap

ABSTRACT

Online consumers make frequent use of the Internet to search for product and price information. In this study, an online model is proposed and empirically tested in investigating the role of tolerance for sacrifice gap in understanding customers' intention to seek for a better deal. Data was collected through an online survey. Structural equation modeling was employed to test hypotheses. The results show that tolerance for sacrifice gap was not only a strong predictor of intention for continuing search but also itself being related to consumer product knowledge, perceived control, and consumer product involvement. Direct relationship between another construct “perceived reduction in sacrifice gap” and “intention to seek for a better deal” was also found. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.