Relationship Between Organizational Form and Organizational Memory: An Investigation in a Professional Service Organization

The goal of this research is to study the relation between organizational form (OF) and organizational memory (OM). It examines what kind of roles OM plays in different OFs--that is, how OM is used in organizational action--and whether changes in a firm's organizational form relate to changes in the role of OM. These relationships are examined in the context of how information technology (IT) is used to support organizational remembering. The study outlines different manifestations of OM in 1 company as it underwent major organizational transformations during a 3-year period. The manifestations are grouped into "bins," expanding the storage structure concept by Walsh and Ungson to include OM contents and processes of use. The bins are supplemented with an additional bin, the organizational information space, to address the collaborative aspect of OM. Another new construct, the organizational memory profile, is introduced to summarize the combination of OM manifestations in a particular organization at a particular time. The OM profiles are outlined for the case company and they show marked differences between OFs. This upholds the claim that different OFs present different kinds of arenas for OM. IT support for various bins is analyzed and a variety of IT support is recognized. This upholds the view that several OM support systems are needed and that IT can play a significant role in making past events more accessible.     

The Dissemination and Content of Drug Prevention Public Service Announcements

Drug Prevention public service announcements (PSA) campaigns have historically been unsuccessful, in part because of dissemination problems and a lack of targeting and message development. This study looked at one week's television programming to address the dissemination issue. Content analysis was used to discern the target and type of appeals used in drug prevention PSAs. Implications for future research to aid PSA developers in creating effective PSAs are discussed.     

Public Marketing in the Relationship Between Public Administration and External Environment

No abstract available for this article.     

城市化与城市公共支出关系研究

基于1994-2008年的数据,本文运用向量自回归模型,实证分析了我国地级及以上城市的城市化水平与城市公共支出的关系。研究结果表明城市化是城市公共支出的Granger原因,城市化水平与城市公共支出具有长期、稳定的协整关系,但是城市公共支出却不是城市化的Grang-er原因;城市政府在安排公共支出的规模、结构、城区分布,以及提高公共支出效率等政策选择时应考虑城市化的水平。     

The Relationship Between Communicable Diseases and FDI Flows: An Empirical Investigation

This paper focuses on the impact of communicable diseases, which affects the population health component of human capital on worldwide FDI flows. The model controls for endogeneity that can stem from the interconnected relationship between FDI, population health and per capita GDP. After controlling for this endogeneity, we find that communicable diseases have a statistically significant negative effect on FDI, which is 2 to 5 times larger than when using ordinary least squares. The results remain robust to alternative model specifications.     

An Investigation into Potential Moderating Effects of the Relationship Between Actual and Perceived Market Orientation

Abstract

This study examines the gaps between a firm's actual (self-reported) market orientation and the channel partner's perceptions of the firm's market orientation and factors that may moderate that gap. Expected differences between the measures were found, but in an unanticipated direction-perceptions of market orientation received higher ratings than actual market orientation. To gain a fuller understanding of this difference, variables that may moderate the perceptual gap were tested. Communication was found to be an important moderator of this relationship between actual and perceived market orientation.     

人力资本和R&D投入与美国服务贸易的关系分析

美国作为世界上服务贸易最发达的国家,技术创新是其保持服务贸易强势竞争力的根本动力之一。本文主要论述的是美国通过稳步加大对科技R&D活动的支持力度,并不断增加人力资本要素的积累,才使得更多的科技创新和发明不断涌现,进而完成了产业结构和贸易结构优化和升级的目标。因此,R&D投入和人力资本要素的积累共同构成了美国服务贸易竞争力在技术创新领域中两个最重要的来源。     

The Relationship Between Ethical Ideology and Ethical Behavior Intentions: An Exploratory Look at Physicians' Responses to Managed Care Dilemmas

Within the past few years, managed care health insurance programs have become commonplace. With managed care programs, however, physicians are facing increasing ethical pressures. This paper examines the relationship between physicians' behavior intentions with respect to four managed care ethical scenarios and their responses to Forsyth's (1980) Ethics Position Questionnaire (EPQ). This is one of the first papers to compare this scale to behavioral intentions in the workplace. We provide a literature review of the ethical dilemmas that doctors face under a managed care system and conduct a national random sample of general practitioners and surgeons regarding the four managed care ethical dilemmas. The results show that the doctors surveyed are significantly more idealistic than relativistic. In relating the EPQ to the ethical scenarios, however, there was no support for the proposition that ethical ideology was related to the ethical behavioral intentions. This suggests more research is needed to establish the links between ethical positions, attitudes, and behavioral intentions. Finally, there were little differences in EPQ scores by practice or demographic variables, the only significant result being that general surgeons are significantly more idealistic than family practitioners.     

An Examination of the Relationship Between Employee Behavior/ Non-Behavior and Customer Satisfaction in Quick Service Restaurants

ABSTRACT

The major objective of this research is to explore the relationship between employee behavior/non-behavior and customer satisfaction in quick service restaurants. Four behavioral components (employee reliability, employee responsiveness, employee assurance, and employee empathy) and one non-behavioral component (the physical environment) are identified.

The survey questionnaire included the modified SERVQUAL instrument (Parasuraman, Zeithaml, and Berry, 1991) in addition to questions about satisfaction. A convenience sample of 125 participants was used to collect data by frequenting selected quick service restaurants. The results identified significant positive correlations between three of the five behavior/non-behavior constructs (employee responsiveness, employee assurance, and the physical environment) with three of the four identified dimensions of customer satisfaction (satisfaction with the food, satisfaction with the task/service, satisfaction with the price, and overall satisfaction).     

网络消费者行为与电子商务服务质量的关系

网络企业在非价格方面的竞争优势已成为吸引和留住消费者的关键。本文从阐述有关网络消费者行为理论开始。提出了影响网络消费行为意向的服务质量模型，并展开了实证研究。从上海、杭州和宁波等地随机选取250个被试进行了问卷调查，并用SPSS11．5软件对数据进行了分析。旨在对中国的有关“电子商务服务质量”和“网络消费者行为”领域做些初步探索，以起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

Positive Affect and Malleable Mental Accounting: An Investigation of the Role of Positive Affect in Flexible Expense Categorization and Spending

The present research examines the impact of positive affect on mental accounting and the underlying mechanisms. The authors find that individuals in a positive (vs. neutral) affective state are less likely to exploit ambiguity in mental accounts and justify spending, but only when processing resources are unconstrained. In contrast, when processing resources are limited (high cognitive load), those in a positive (vs. neutral) affective state are more likely to spend. These findings offer new insights into the interplay between affect and cognition in decision making, the use of mental accounting strategies, and the role of affect in spending and self‐control.     

中西公共服务市场化改革比较研究

公共服务市场化改革既是当代西方各国公共治理变革的共同趋势,也是中国行政改革的热点问题。中国公共服务市场化改革与西方国家既有相似点,也有很大的差别,通过中西比较研究可以为中国公共服务市场化改革提供有益的启示。     

Board Members in the Service Industry: An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between Corporate Social Responsibility Orientation and Directorial Type

One area of business performance of particular interest to both scholars and practitioners is corporate social responsibility. The notion that organizations should be attentive to the needs of constituents other than shareholders has been investigated and vigorously debated for over two decades. This has provoked an especially rich and diverse literature investigating the relationship between business and society. As a result, researchers have urged the study of the profiles and backgrounds of corporate upper echelons in order to better understand this relationship.There is ample evidence that corporations have in recent years increased the proportion of outside directors on their boards. This has been partly in reaction to increased interest in the corporate social responsiveness of business organizations and suggestions that the board of directors could play a unique role in this area. The expectation on the part of practitioners, researchers, and governmental regulators is that outside directors will advocate greater corporate responsiveness to society's needs by playing a more active role in overseeing managerial decisions.The purpose of this study is to partially fill a void in the literature by determining whether or not these expectations are justified, particularly in the service industry. Data were collected as part of a larger cross-national study of corporate social responsibility. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) of the results of a survey of 307 board members (198 outside and 109 inside directors) indicates that outside directors exhibit greater concern about the discretionary component of corporate responsibility and a weaker orientation toward economic performance. No significant differences between the two groups were observed with respect to the legal and ethical dimensions of corporate social responsibility. Some explanations as well as limited generalizations and implications are developed.     

转型时期腐败和地方政府公共投资效率的关联分析

运用寻租经济学的分析方法,本文对经济转型时期地方官员腐败和公共投资效率两者之间的内在关联进行了综合研究,结合中国情形进行简要的实证分析,指出基于转型时期有效监管制度的缺失,腐败对地方政府公共投资的规模效率、结构效率以及产出效率都产生了不同程度的负面效应.也就是说,作为带有高成本特性的一种"暗税",腐败租金的存在不仅会导致区域内私人投资偏离社会期望的适度投资率,也会人为增大区域公共投资规模、扭曲区域公共投资结构,并降低区域内公共投资的产出水平.     

价值判断与公司竞争力的关系分析

如何提升竞争力是公司非常关心的问题。但是不确定性和决策者的有限理性会影响到公司对竞争战略的价值判断,从而影响到公司的竞争力。运用展望理论和顾客净资产理论对此进行分析,提出一些提升公司竞争力的建议。     

跨国公司与东道国关系制度分析

跨国公司与东道国之间的博弈结果是双方受益,因而是一种“正和博弈”。东道国的FDI制度以及跨国公司FDI制度都是这种博弈的均衡结果,通过内生博弈规则和外生规则内部化而完成了作为整体的FDI制度的自我维系过程。由于信息的不对称和国家的多重悖论,加剧了博弈的复杂性,因而形成了动态的、连续的多阶段均衡,其外在表现就是FDI输入既有连续性、规律性,又有波动性、不确定性。     

A Public Sector Marketing Model to Measure the Social and Environmental Values of Public Strategies: An Empirical Study on a Green Public Service

This article develops a public sector marketing model to measure the social and environmental values of public strategies. Applying partial least squares path modeling, the authors empirically test the model by conducting a quantitative survey (N = 603) among users of a green public service in the form of a public bike-sharing system. The findings reveal that users simultaneously perceive public outcomes on the social value and environmental value dimensions. The effect estimated on the perceived social value dimension of the green public service was slightly stronger than the effect on the environmental value dimension. Thus, users primarily perceive self-centered values, before considering values generated for the environment. The findings also show that engaging citizens now in the actual usage of green public services can foster green consumption intentions in the future.     

An Investigation into the Relationship Between Consumer Satisfaction,Marketing Performance,and Firm Performance in a Services Environment

Abstract

The study reported investigates the relationships between consumer satisfaction, marketing performance, and firm performance with the context of service organizations. The results indicate that consumer satisfaction is positively related to marketing performance, explaining more than seventy percent of the variation. However, marketing performance is not shown to be significantly related to firm performance. In addition, firm size is identified as a significant covariate of performance.     

Relationship Between Companies and the Public on Facebook: The Portuguese and the Brazilian Context

ABSTRACT

This study analyzes how companies use Facebook to facilitate discussions with the public in two countries, Portugal and Brazil, through an exploratory content analysis of corporate Facebook pages. Overall, companies in both countries tend to recognize the relevance of Facebook in relationship development and therefore they use online strategies. Nevertheless, Portuguese companies are ahead of the Brazilian in providing calendars of events and partnerships with blogs/giveaways. They also tend to include more links to media reports. Compared to the Portuguese, the Brazilian public enjoys posting publications that express their feelings and/or emotions more. The article also discusses the implications of corporate relationship management practice.