Towards Legitimate Water Governance?

Abstract

This article addresses how and to what extent a governance mode can legitimately provide public services. A single case study of the partially privatized Berlin Waterworks is used to analyse the level of input and output legitimacy as well as potential trade-offs between the criteria emerging in a public–private partnership (PPP) in the water supply and sanitation sectors. While the Berlin Waterworks as a PPP leads to a lower level of resource protection and public acceptance, it leads to a higher level of efficiency and profitability than under the previous public model.     

基于供应商角度的供应商合作伙伴关系研究

首先指出从供应商受益角度,对供应商合作伙伴关系进行研究的重要意义。然后以供应商提供的产品类型为标准,对供应商合作伙伴关系进行了分类;并提出了描述供应商合作伙伴关系的七个特性以及供应商的应对策略。     

Managing partner opportunism in public–private partnerships: the dynamics of governance adaptation

ABSTRACT

Controlling partner opportunism in public–private partnership (PPP) is still controversial despite its extensive adoption. We demonstrate that partner opportunism gets controlled by the extent to which deployed governance mechanisms are aligned with the governance needs of the transaction. As unique constraint, the institutional voids limit this alignment. If not aligned with governance needs, governance adaptation cycle continues, resulting in extensive or minimally acceptable partner opportunism. The organizations tolerate opportunism as long as they derive some economic value. In the context of institutional voids, the risk of exploitation of incomplete contracts is high but if governed effectively PPPs could still deliver value.     

The Challenge of Collaborative Governance

Partnerships increasingly play a major role in determining and implementing major policy drives in localities. Under-standing how they may provide value is therefore essential to understanding modern governance principles. This article describes action research aiming to develop a conceptualization of fac-tors inherent in collaborative forms and, hence, about their practicality as governance tools. Different interpreta-tions of what collaborative governance is intended to achieve are first reviewed. Two areas that seriously affect the ability of collaborations to deliver their potential, structural complexity and diversity are then reviewed. The article concludes by considering what is needed to make collaborative governance work.     

美日公司治理模式的比较研究——兼论中国民营中小企业的治理结构

美国与日本的公司治理模式是当今世界公司治理模式的两种典型,两种模式在内外部监控、激励约束机制等方面存在一定差异。文章通比较研究两种治理模式的特点与利弊,结合中国民营中小企业的特点,提出了建立中国民营中小企业治理结构的新思路。     

PPP模式下政府和民营企业的契约关系及其治理——以中国城市基础设施PPP为例

政府与社会资本合作模式（PPP）已成为推进中国新型城市化,加强城市基础设施建设的重要制度安排。PPP模式的实际运行涉及复杂的契约关系,其中政府和民营企业间的契约关系最为关键,由于双方在PPP模式中的目标导向差异和可能采取的机会主义行为,凸显出严重的契约治理问题。本文运用轮流出价合作博弈模型,论证了股权契约治理是政府和民营企业契约治理的核心内容。为鼓励民营企业积极参与城市基础设施PPP项目,政府应给予其较大的股权比例,同时需要形成政府和民营企业股权契约相互制衡机制,以提高城市基础设施PPP项目契约治理效率。     

关系管理对供应链的支持机制分析

本文首先强调了供应链伙伴关系的全新性和关系管理的重要地位，进而阐释了关系管理运作的主要策略及其阶段性作用模式，并分析和探讨了关系管理对供应链绩效的支持机制，提出了关于这一机制的结构性认知框架。     

Public‐private partnership: Elements for a project‐based management typology

The polysemic concept of public‐private partnership (PPP) covers a great diversity of institutional arrangements. In this paper, we propose a typology based on the management of public projects that constitute partnerships with private firms. Our typology is founded on two key variables: (1) the proximity of the target and (2) the capacity to generate projects. We can then identify four distinct models of PPP: situational, elementary, symbiotic, and forward‐looking. The management challenges, the risks, and the major issues particular to each type of PPP are described in order to enlighten management teams and contribute to the production of useful knowledge in the field.     

Public–Private Partnerships in the Health Care Sector: A systematic review of the literature

Public–private partnerships (PPPs) have become popular worldwide as a way of improving health care service delivery. In order to enhance our knowledge of PPPs in the health care sector, we conduct a systematic review of forty-six articles published in peer-reviewed journals for the period of 1990–2011. Six lines of research in the PPP domain are identified: effectiveness, benefits, public interest, country overview, efficiency and partners. The main findings suggest that although PPPs are used to address internationally emerging public health issues, questions as to their actual effectiveness, efficiency and convenience, still remain unanswered. We propose viable recommendations and ideas for future research.     

Public–private partnership in Public Administration discipline: a literature review

Public–private partnerships (PPPs) have become popular tools to deliver infrastructure and public services around the world. As an innovative public procurement approach, PPPs have drawn considerable attention from academic circles. In order to enhance our knowledge of PPPs, the authors conducted a systematic literature review of articles published in international journals of the Public Administration (PA) discipline. Four main topics in this discipline are identified by means of social network analysis, including PPP concept, risk sharing amongst PPP participants, the drivers of PPP adoption, and PPP performance. Seven propositions about the four topics are summarized. Directions for future research are also considered.     

The influence of relational experience and contractual governance on the negotiation strategy in buyer–supplier disputes

This paper theoretically refines and empirically extends the debate on the type of interplay between relational experience and contractual governance in an under-researched area: supply chain disputes. We define relational experience as either cooperative or competitive; distinguish between control and coordination functions of contractual governance; and assess their interplay on the negotiation strategy used in disputes. Using a unique data set of buyer–supplier disputes, we find, in particular that increasing contractual control governance weakens the positive effect of cooperative relational experience on cooperative negotiation strategy. However, increasing contractual control governance for a buyer–supplier dyad with competitive relational experience will increase cooperative negotiation strategy. Contractual coordination governance reinforces the positive effect of cooperative relational experience. Through this study, we reach a better understanding of how and when contractual and relational governance dimensions interact; rather than whether they act as substitutes or complements as has been studied in prior research. We discuss the implications of these findings for the field of supply chain management.     

从日本汽车产业看供应商——制造商的关系

首先回顾了美、日两国汽车产业最近几年的发展,然后以人力资源管理的眼光来看待供应商--制造商之间的关系演变,并分析合作伙伴供应商--制造关系的巨大作用。     

供应链中的关系治理模式比较研究

通过对市场治理、科层治理和关系治理各自的特点进行分析、比较,认为关系治理有效结合了市场治理和科层治理的优势,避免了两者的不足,是一种适应现代环境要求的新型治理模式,但是合作方之间建立信任的难度也使得关系治理模式的应用存在一定障碍。最后,还对供应链中关系治理模式的管理启示和进一步研究进行了探讨。     

完善我国民办高校法人治理结构的构想及措施研究

民办高校需要构建现代大学制度,法人治理结构是现代大学制度的核心。民办高校法人治理结构是民办院校从自然人治理转向法人治理的保证,有利于形成集体决策和权利制衡机制,有助于促进民办学校运营管理的民主参与。通过中外大学治理结构的比较,我国民办高校法人治理结构主要存在产权不明晰、董事会成员构成不合理、机构不健全等问题。完善我国民办高校法人治理结构可以从落实民办高校法人财产权、全面提升董事会决策能力、健全内部监督机制等方面入手。     

生产企业供应商关系管理研究

分析了生产企业实施供应商关系管理的必要性和重要性，为生产企业实施供应商关系管理提供了一个清晰的、有章可循的执行框架，并指出企业没有必要和所有的供应商都建立战略合作伙伴关系，企业与供应商的关系应该是多种关系共存的金字塔多层次型的结构。     

Factors Causing Design Schedule Delays in Turnkey Projects in Taiwan: An Empirical Study of Power Distribution Substation Projects

Because of its benefits, the turnkey project delivery method has received much global attention; however, turnkey contractors often have difficulty completing projects within the contract schedule. Through case studies, expert interviews, questionnaire surveys, and statistical data analysis, this study revealed that, of 27 delay factors that affect design schedules in power distribution substation projects, the most common delay factors are “public contending or political involvement” and “tedious review processes of government agencies.” Furthermore, the study proposes assorted strategies from the perspectives of the owner, turnkey contractor, and designer that can be used to help prevent delays in similar turnkey projects.