四川秦巴山区矿产资源绿色开发策略研究

四川秦巴山区矿产资源种类丰富,矿产资源的开发利用已成为经济发展的支柱产业之一,但矿业生产过程中产生了严重的矿山环境地质问题。在分析了研究区矿产资源现状的基础上,总结了四川秦巴山区油气开发和固体矿产开发中产生的环境问题,结合国内外矿产资源开发利用实例研究,提出了四川秦巴山区矿产资源的绿色循环开发策略与建议:完整的矿山环境法规是矿产资源绿色开发的根本保障;完善的规划和严格的环境评价是矿产资源可持续开发的第一要务;推进矿山相关科学技术创新是提高矿产开发利用率、矿山生态环境治理的唯一途径,最终使得四川秦巴山区矿业在促进经济腾飞的同时实现绿色可持续发展。     

东北地区矿产资源开发利用面临的问题与对策

近年来,东北地区矿产资源开发利用出现了诸多问题,如矿产资源优势普遍下降、矿产资源优势没有充分发挥、矿产品加工程度低、矿产开发缺乏统一规划管理以及矿山生态环境日益恶化等。文章针对这些问题提出了振兴东北矿业的对策建议。     

滁州市矿产资源特征及开发利用对策

滁州市拥有丰富的石英岩、凹凸棒石黏土、岩盐、石膏、云母、石灰岩、玄武岩等非金属矿产以及部分金属矿产资源,具有储量丰、潜力大、地域性明显、部分共伴生矿经济价值较高等特点。滁州市矿产资源开发利用过程中存在的问题:优势矿种未发挥优势作用、矿山关停整合推进难度大、小矿山抵御宏观经济环境影响能力低等。开发利用对策:发挥政府宏观调控作用,根据国家重大工程、重点项目和鼓励发展的产业,科学合理布局矿产资源开发利用,同时,加强矿山开采监督管理,最大限度减少矿山开采对地质环境的影响。     

关于矿山开采工程地质环境质量损益经济评价的研究

文章从矿山开采工程与地质环境的相互关系出发，分析了矿产资源的开发利用对地质环境的正负影响作用，建立了经济评价指标和指标体系，提出了分析评价模型。并就某铁矿山的开发利用进行了具体的地质环境质量损益评价。     

贵州省矿产资源综合开发利用现状及建议

贵州省是我国南方矿产资源大省之一,煤炭、锰矿、铝土矿、磷矿、金矿、重晶石为省内重要矿产资源,具有储量丰、潜力大、共伴生矿经济价值高等特点。基于贵州矿产资源的综合利用现状及其成效,针对资源利用现状调查不够、矿业开发中浪费严重、矿产资源综合开发利用及矿山技改资金投入低、矿产资源综合开发利用的机制不健全等问题,提出全过程监管矿产资源综合利用、多种手段提高三率水平、加快绿色矿业发展、健全相关法律法规等相关建议。     

矿产资源综合区划的概念与方法探讨

第三轮矿产资源规划编制意见首次明确提出要开展矿产资源综合区划研究。本文对矿产资源综合区划的概念、方法和基本问题进行了探讨,提出以成矿规律为基本的区域分异规律,县级行政单元作为基本地域单元,以矿业经济发展、基础地质调查与矿产勘查、矿产资源合理开发利用与保护、矿业转型升级与绿色矿业发展、矿山地质环境保护与治理恢复等五方面为基础构建矿产资源综合区划指标体系,并提出了自上而下和自下而上相结合的矿产资源综合区划思路。为不同区域矿产资源综合区划提供理论依据,为第三轮矿产资源规划编制提供参考。     

泸州市矿产资源的可持续利用研究

泸州市矿产资源丰富,但是在开采过程中存在着矿山规模小,资源利用率低,综合利用差,破坏生态环境等一系列问题.为使该市的矿产资源得到合理地开发利用,促进矿产资源勘查、开采、生态建设和环境保护协调发展,必须对矿产资源开采作出科学规划,合理布局,以促进矿产资源的可持续利用.     

矿区生态环境建设的几点思考

在当前资源、环境、生态问题越来越突出的形势下,研究矿区资源开发对脆弱的生态系统的影响,探索矿区生态环境综合整治与生态恢复的有效途径,具有现实意义。文章在分析矿区生态环境受到破坏原因的基础上,提出了以下恢复重建策略:一是建立矿山环境巡视制度;二是建立健全矿山生态环境保护的长效机制;三是建立健全法规体系,加强联合执法能力建设;四是加强矿业权管理,建立矿产资源开发利用的技术评价体系,形成适应市场经济体制的矿产资源管理秩序;五是建立现代化的监测和预警系统;六是加强矿产资源储量基础管理工作;七是培育发展矿山生态环境治理产业。     

治理与保护矿山环境亟待立法和增加资金投入

治理与保护矿山环境是有矿产资源的城市和地区的当务之急,是落实科学发展观,坚持以人为本的需要。文章结合辽宁鞍山地区的矿山环境现状和治理保护的实践,指出立法和增加资金投入是保护和改善矿山环境的关键,同时,要重视和加强规划、矿山地质环境监测和科技人才队伍建设。     

江西省矿产资源的开发利用

分析和评价了江西省矿产资源，介绍了矿产资源开发利用现状，指出其存在的问题，提出了江西省矿产资源进一步开发利用的对策。     

Tournaments, Fairness, and Risk

We estimate willingness to pay (WTP) to operate under two types of contracts—tournaments (Ts) and fixed performance-standard contracts (F). Our results are consistent with the notion that subjects having social preferences for fairness and care about risk. That is, when subjects experience greater inequity under tournaments relative to fixed performance contracts, or experience greater revenue risk under tournaments, the gap between WTP for fixed performance and tournament contracts increases, ceteris paribus. Our results provide an explanation for grower dissatisfaction with tournament compensation schemes independent of possible concerns regarding opportunistic behavior by integrators.     

Agroindustrialization, globalization, and international development: An overview of issues, patterns, and determinants

This paper offers an overview for a special issue on agroindustrialization, globalization, and international development. It sets out a conceptual framework for understanding the links among these three broad phenomena and then discusses emerging issues and evidence concerning the factors conditioning agroindustrialization in developing countries and the subsequent effects on employment, poverty, and the natural environment. We conclude with a research agenda.     

Renters,landlords, and farmland stewardship

Are farmers better stewards of the land they own than the land they rent from others? We answer this question using a data set that identifies Ontario farmers’ conservation practices on their own land as well as the land they rent. Using a fixed‐effects regression approach, we find that the role of tenure varies for different types of conservation practices. Farmers were found to be just as likely to adopt a machinery‐related practice such as conservation tillage on their rented land as that land which they own. On the other hand, farmers were found to be less likely to adopt site‐specific conservation practices such as planting cover crops on rented land. However, this effect diminishes as the expected length of the rental relationship increases when the landlord has a farming background.     

Crop research,biotech canola,and innovation policy in Canada: Challenges,opportunities, and evolution

Increased investment in agricultural research could contribute to sustainable development goals and benefit farmers, consumers, the environment, and the economy. This paper provides recent evidence and a critical assessment of the evolving Canadian canola crop development and innovation policy and compares it to the wheat and pulse sectors that differ in degree of biotechnology adoption, seeded acreage, intellectual property rights, and private sector involvement. This study also assesses how crop characteristics and technological changes affect future optimal public policy. A number of innovation policies are discussed that could stimulate further growth within the crop sector.     

Tenants, Landlords, and Soil Conservation

It has long been argued that tenants tend to overexploit land, but this conventional wisdom has been derived largely without consideration of landlords' actions. We examine what happens when landlords can invest in durable conservation measures in addition to choosing rental contract terms. When tenants are risk neutral, landlords overinvest in conservation under cash rental contracts but can achieve first best levels of output and protection against land degradation when conservation investment is combined with share rental. When tenants are risk averse, the first best is unattainable. In this case, conservation investment combined with share rental results in output levels below the first best, while equilibrium conservation investment may be greater or less than the first best. These results suggest that contract form and conservation investments are likely made simultaneously, so that econometric studies of conservation practice adoption that treat rental status as exogenous are likely subject to bias.     

Remittances,monetary institutions,and autocracies

ABSTRACT

How do remittances affect the choice of exchange rate regimes? Previous research shows that remittances, by easing the ‘impossible trinity’, increase the probability of governments adopting fixed exchange rates. However, that research overlooks the conditioning effect of monetary and political institutions. We argue that remittances, by altering recipient governments’ incentives to use monetary policy counter-cyclically, make central bank independence a credible anti-inflationary tool in less credible regimes; that is, autocracies. Thus, autocracies that receive remittances do not need to rely on fixed exchange rates. In this way, remittances open policy alternatives for developing autocracies. Statistical tests on a sample of 87 developing and transitional countries between 1980 and 2010 support our argument.     

Risk,learning, and technology adoption

This article explores how decision makers learn and use information, with an application to the adoption of biotechnology in agriculture. The empirical analysis relies on experimental and survey data measuring risk preferences, learning processes, and the adoption of genetically modified (GM) seeds among U.S. grain farmers. While controlling for risk aversion, we link individual learning rules with the cognitive abilities of each decision maker and their actual GM adoption decisions. We find evidence that very few individuals are Bayesian learners, and that the population of farmers is quite heterogeneous in terms of learning rules. This suggests that Bayesian learning (as commonly assumed in the analysis of agricultural technology adoption) is not an appropriate characterization. In addition, we do not find a strong relationship between observed learning styles and the timing of GM seed adoption. To the extent that learning is a key part of the process of technology adoption, this suggests the presence of much unobserved heterogeneity in learning among farmers.