关于我国第三产业发展的战略思考

第三产业作为国民经济的一个重要部门,对于经济发展具有强大的拉动作用。文章基于对我国当前经济发展的阶段性判断,提出了当前我国第三产业发展面临的主要矛盾,并通过借鉴发达国家第三产业及国民经济的发展经验,立足全球视野,剖析外商投资企业进入我国第三产业的两个基本重点。对正确处理并整合第三产业与工业化的关系、正确处理第三产业发展与提高就业率的关系、提高第三产业劳动生产率等几个问题展开讨论,从而为我国第三产业的发展提出有益的见解。     

我国固定资产投资对就业影响的实证分析

文章运用实证分析方法,对我国固定资产投资的就业效应进行了经验性研究。结果表明:我国固定资产投资的快速增长并没有带来就业规模的迅速扩张。近年来,投资的就业拉动效应较小且明显趋于减弱。从结构层面看,三次产业中,第二、第三产业投资具有显著的就业拉动效应;而在城乡各类经济中,城镇非公有制经济投资则更能促进就业。从各类型的固定资产投资对就业的贡献度看,建筑安装工程投资对就业具有明显的拉动作用。     

我国省域视角下经济增长方式的实证分析与对策——基于 1990-2012 年数据

经济发展方式转变是我国现阶段经济发展的必然选择,也是经济增长与自然、社会、人的全面发展相协调的客观要求。我国28个省（市、自治区）1990---2012年数据显示：我国经济增长呈粗放型发展;投资拉动和工业化是经济发展主要依靠,第三产业带动作用不强,人力资本的外溢效应不明显,技术具有正向作用,但科技资本存量的产出弹性较小．,外资和出口具有拉动作用;东部经济增长受出口拉动最为显著但受外资企业出口影响而削弱,合适的政府规模才有利于经济发展和增长。因此,未来我国应在人力资本、新型工业化、转变政府职能、均衡发挥内外生因素等方面转变和加强。     

中国第三产业发展与就业增长关系的实证研究

根据发达国家经济发展经验,第三产业的发展能够有效地拉动就业的增加。同样就业的增加也会反过来拉动经济的发展。通过对第三产业经济增长和就业关系进行ADF检验、协整关系检验和格兰杰因果关系检验,发现第三产业增长率与其就业增长率之间存在长期稳定的关系;第三产业劳动力就业增长率是第三产业增长率的格兰杰原因,反之则不成立,即中国第三产业就业规模的扩大将不断地为第三产业创造更多的增加值,但是第三产业产值的增加并不能明显地带动就业的增长。     

关于发展第三产业增加地方税收的思考

第三产业是为生产、生活和社会提供服务的部门总和，它的发展反映了城市的综合功能和经济发达程度。１９９４年我国实行分税制改革以后，第三产业成为地方税务部门组织税收的重要方面，同时发展第三产业又是深化经济结构调整的重要内容，那么如何进一步刺激消费、拉动内需，推     

中国川渝地区城镇化的驱动因子——基于产业结构变迁视角

从产业结构变迁的视角,探讨了中国川渝地区(重庆和四川)城镇化的驱动因子,并建立OLS回归模型和分位数回归模型进行了实证分析。结果显示:川渝地区的产业结构合理化正向作用于城镇化,重庆产业结构的边际影响效应相对稳定,四川产业结构的边际影响效应逐渐增强;川渝地区第二产业和第三产业的发展正向影响城镇化,其中第三产业的拉动效应低于第二产业;川渝地区的交通运输、仓储和邮政业以及房地产业的发展与城镇化正相关,而金融业对城镇化的影响在作用方向和作用效果上存在明显的地区差异。     

我国产业结构与经济增长间动态关系的实证分析——基于状态空间模型

运用时变参数模型,从三次产业对经济增长的拉动作用的角度,对三次产业与经济增长之间的动态关系进行了实证研究。结果表明:虽然近几年第三产业产值及其占比的增长速度均很快,但第三产业对经济增长的拉动作用不明显,落后于第二产业。最后,结合我国产业结构的特点,提出提高消费性服务业产值比重、加快第三产业内部结构的升级等建议,强调在努力提高第三产业产值比重的同时,更应注重提高第三产业的效率,由此才能实现经济的长期稳定增长。     

经济增长、产业发展与就业结构在中国的实证检验

经济增长与居民就业之间既存在正面效应,又存在负面效应,在不同发展时期其效应有不同的表现,总体上二者间呈现倒"U"型关系。实证分析经济增长与就业结构之间的关系发现,我国经济增长对城镇和农村就业的拉动效应均有限,但对城镇的影响要大于农村。通过对三次产业结构偏离度的分析发现,第一产业存在较大的剩余劳动力,第二产业的劳动力明显不足,第三产业的产业发展与就业则相对均衡。因此,实施积极的产业和就业政策至关重要。     

服务贸易的就业效应分析——基于状态空间模型的再检验

基于1992—2012年的时间序列数据,运用状态空间模型实证检验我国服务贸易进出口对第三产业就业的影响。结果显示：服务贸易出口能促进第三产业就业显著增加,而服务贸易进口由于替代效应对就业产生负面影响,但由于我国服务贸易的结构等原因表现并不显著。因此,我国可以通过发展第三产业、优化服务贸易结构和发展生产性服务贸易,更好的挖掘和发挥服务贸易的就业效应。     

三大最终需求对我国产业结构的影响分析

投资、消费、出口三大最终需求的变动是促进我国三次产业结构演变的直接推动力。模型测算发现,投资对第二产业的拉动作用最为明显,消费是拉动第三产业增长的主要因素,其中服务性消费对第三产业增长的作用尤为明显。出口的增长加快了我国工业化进程,并促进了我国服务贸易的增长,无论对轻工业、重工业,还是高技术制造业,出口都是我国生产的重要驱动力,也是我国长期保持＂世界工厂＂地位的主要原因。     

John Stuart Mill's Theory Of Justice

John Stuart Mill has traditionally been portrayed as self-contradictory and failing to construct a unified social theory. Recent scholarship, however, has challenged this view, finding Mill's work to be creatively synthetic in bridging the antinomies inherent in liberal democratic thought. This revisionist interpretation of Mill is advanced by an understanding of his theory of justice and its role in shaping his policy positions on issues such as welfare, education, voting rights, property rights, taxation, government intervention, and the future of capitalism.     

A Rich Vein for “Reality Mining”北大核心CSSCISSCI

Arik Hesseldahl In the aftermath of the September 11 attacks, U.S. officials quickly turned their attention to other potential targets, including California's Golden Gate Bridge. What would happen if terrorists took down the bridge between San Francisco and Marin County? How much of the region would be affected and for how long?     

John Stuart Mill's Theories of Wealth and Income Distribution

Although he was much influenced by David Ricardo when he wrote the classical part of his Principles , John Stuart Mill was not a Ricardian when he penned his theories of wealth and distribution. They are based on a triple foundation. First, a belief that economics is a moral discipline. Second a theory of custom-driven human behavior. Third, an empirically formed conviction that the institutions of state, education and business cooperate to structure the distribution of income. On the basis of these presuppositions, Mill formulated 1) an institutional theory of the formation of human and non-human wealth and 2) an even more institutional theory of distribution demonstrating how the aforementioned institutions malignantly skew the distribution of income to the advantage of the propertied classes and to the extreme disadvantage of the working class. As a social economist, Mill recommended institutional reforms designed to eradicate the poverty of the working class.     

中国养活自己能力的长期预测:技术和政策分析

中国拥有世界五分之一强的人口 ,收入又在迅速增长。因此 ,国际上很自然地会考虑或推测她在今后的几十年是否有能力养活自己。中国的人口预计将从 2 0 0 0年的 1 2 8亿增长到 2 0 2 0年的 1 4 6亿 ,和 2 0 3 0年的 1 4 9亿。与此同时 ,人均收入的增长将导致对家畜和鱼类产品更大的需求 ,因而对饲料的需求也将有很大的增长     

Toward a Phylogenetic Reconstruction of Organizational Life

Synopsis Classification is an important activity that facilitates theory development in many academic disciplines. Scholars in fields such as organizational science, management science and economics and have long recognized that classification offers an approach for ordering and understanding the diversity of organizational taxa (groups of one or more similar organizational entities). However, even the most prominent organizational classifications have limited utility, as they tend to be shaped by a specific research bias, inadequate units of analysis and a standard neoclassical economic view that does not naturally accommodate the disequilibrium dynamics of modern competition. The result is a relatively large number of individual and unconnected organizational classifications, which tend to ignore the processes of change responsible for organizational diversity. Collectively they fail to provide any sort of universal system for ordering, compiling and presenting knowledge on organizational diversity. This paper has two purposes. First, it reviews the general status of the major theoretical approaches to biological and organizational classification and compares the methods and resulting classifications derived from each approach. Definitions of key terms and a discussion on the three principal schools of biological classification (evolutionary systematics, phenetics and cladistics) are included in this review. Second, this paper aims to encourage critical thinking and debate about the use of the cladistic classification approach for inferring and representing the historical relationships underpinning organizational diversity. This involves examining the feasibility of applying the logic of common ancestry to populations of organizations. Consequently, this paper is exploratory and preparatory in style, with illustrations and assertions concerning the study and classification of organizational diversity.     

Information infrastructure: Who builds broadband networks?

This paper examines the essential difference between the U.S. and Japan, when one considers information infrastructure. There are seven perception gaps between the U.S. and Japan concerning Information Infrastructure policies. These gaps must be understood in order to compare the countries' governmental policies in this area. In looking at the present circumstances, the essential question to answer concerns who is to build, own and operate the network(s) of the infrastructure. Liberalization is certain to be a central factor in the ongoing telecommunications debates. Now that customers have had a taste of the liberalized market-place, the movement toward more open markets will be difficult to stop. When considering options, it is necessary to pay close attention to standardized network access and the increasingly important role software plays. These issues are causing us to take a new approach to the traditional role played by regulators. They also force a closer look at the appropriate structure of utility companies. This paper addresses the above issues in hopes of stimulating dialog on the new telecommunications infrastructure paradigm.     

Nonlinearity in Stock Exchange Markets: The Case of Bist 100 Indices

In this paper,using data for the Bist 100 index,we investigate the presence of nonlinearities by employing several nonlinearity tests.The Brock,Dechert,and Sche...     

Solidified Branding Function: How the Urban Brand Affects a Small Town’s Development? Case Study of Wangqingtuo,Tianjin, China

Chinese small towns are usually developed with single core industry,and the urban brand is the identity of a town that formed with the development of its indust...     

海岛地区产业演替及资源基础分析--以舟山群岛为例

改革开放以来,舟山市产业构成发生了显著变化,其经济发展过程可以划分为三个阶段。1992年前,是以产业结构渔业占绝对地位的单一结构阶段;1993—1998年,以旅游业为主的第三产业快速发展阶段;上世纪末以来,又进入了新一轮的经济发展时期,即工业产值比重快速增加阶段。根据海岛的自然资源基础和特点,在新世纪的经济发展过程中,舟山市应定位为生态型的港口旅游城市。以港口及临港工业为主导,以海岛旅游和海洋经济为特色,大力发展第二产业和第三产业。海岛地区的主导产业应体现海岛资源优势及区位优势,以集群性环保型产业为主。同时由于海岛地区淡水资源缺乏,主导产业也应着重选择低耗水型产业。