家庭-工作冲突和平衡对服务员工情绪工作的影响机制

采用问卷调查法,探究了影响金融行业和餐饮行业服务员工情绪工作的家庭层面因素。结果表明:家庭-工作冲突对情绪工作的陪伴行为、帮助行为和管制行为具有负向影响;家庭-工作平衡和家庭-工作增益对情绪工作的陪伴行为、帮助行为和管制行为均具有正向影响。     

中国文化背景下工作-家庭氛围对工作-家庭冲突和满意感的影响研究

通过对中国知识员工的调查数据进行分析,探索性地研究了知识员工工作-家庭氛围产生的不同后果。研究发现,工作中牺牲家庭的氛围和家庭中牺牲工作的氛围,都对工作-家庭冲突有正向影响;而工作中关注家庭的氛围和家庭中关注工作的氛围,都对工作满意感和家庭满意感有正向影响;值得注意的是这个样本中牺牲家庭的氛围却对工作满意感有正向影响,这反映了中国文化情境下工作-家庭氛围的特殊现象,因而从中国传统儒家伦理视角和性别差异的视角对以上结论进行了解释。     

辱虐管理与员工工作-家庭冲突--组织公正与心理困扰的中介作用

本文基于668份问卷调查数据,使用结构方程全模型方法,对以组织公正与心理困扰为中介变量的辱虐管理对员工工作—家庭冲突影响机制的整合模型进行实证研究。结果表明：辱虐管理对员工工作—家庭冲突具有正向影响;组织公正在辱虐管理对员工工作—家庭冲突影响中的中介作用是通过心理困扰实现的;心理困扰在辱虐管理对员工工作—家庭冲突影响中有中介作用;辱虐管理对员工工作—家庭冲突的影响是通过组织公正对心理困扰影响路径实现的。     

冲突对企业新员工工作满意度和留职意愿的影响

利用对27家企业新员工进行问卷调查所得的数据,考察了任务冲突和关系冲突对新员工的留职意愿和工作满意度的影响,并对任务冲突和关系冲突对新员工造成影响的不同原因进行了分析和讨论。研究发现:任务冲突与新员工的工作满意度、留职意愿正相关;关系冲突越激烈,新员工的工作满意度越低,留职意愿也越低。     

员工非工作时间工作连通行为对创造力的双路径影响模型

依据工作要求-资源理论和社会交换理论,运用结构方程模型对278份调查问卷数据进行分析,探讨了员工非工作时间工作连通行为对其创造力的双路径影响,并分析了心理脱离/心理依附和工作-家庭冲突/工作-家庭增益的链式中介作用。研究结果表明,员工非工作时间工作连通行为对其创造力有显著的正向影响。具体而言,心理依附和工作-家庭增益在员工非工作时间工作连通行为和员工创造力间起链式中介作用。     

工作-家庭中心性对男性管理者工作-家庭冲突与满意度间关系的调节效应

利用125名来自不同企业的男性中高层管理人员的调查数据,探讨了企业男性中高层管理者的工作-家庭冲突对其工作满意度和生活满意度的影响,重点分析了工作-家庭中心性在其中的调节作用。结果表明:工作-家庭冲突显著影响男性管理者的工作满意度和生活满意度;工作-家庭中心性调节工作-家庭冲突与满意度的关系。     

跨国公司技术转移对东道国的技术溢出效应和影响因素研究

通过市场竞争激励、示范模仿效应、前后向关联溢出效应以及人力资源流动与转移四种技术溢出途径,跨国公司技术转移对东道国的技术进步与创新产生极大的推动作用.其效应强度的大小受到东道国技术水平、东道国经济发展情况、东道国消化吸收再创新能力、跨国公司与东道国企业关联程度以及市场竞争环境等因素的影响.本文据此,围绕企业协作、技术进步、市场环境、知识产权保护等领域,为进一步强化东道国技术溢出效应提出相应的对策建议.     

高管团队信任对组织绩效的影响：团队冲突的中介作用

高管团队是企业战略制定的核心层。高管团队的良好运作是企业和谐发展的关键。团队信任和团队冲突是反映团队运作过程的两个重要要素,也是影响组织绩效的主要前置因素。以某大型国有企业集团为对象,研究高层管理团队的信任、冲突和组织绩效的关系。研究表明,高管团队的工作导向信任、关系导向信任均能够显著改善组织绩效;团队认知冲突和情绪冲突均对组织绩效产生负向作用,此结论同时也验证了冲突存在文化差异的观点;工作导向信任能够通过降低认知冲突提高组织绩效,认知冲突在工作导向信任对组织绩效的作用过程中充当了部分中介作用。     

工作与家庭的要求和资源、工作-家庭冲突及其后果——台湾与大陆的比较

本研究目的在探讨工作与家庭中的要求和资源、工作-家庭冲突（WFC）,及其在工作/非工作相关后果变项上的关系,并以中国台湾和大陆员工为对象进行比较。 结果发现：不管是中国台湾还是大陆员工,工作与家庭的要求皆可有效预测WFC。再者,家务帮忙对WFC的预测效果不佳,但主管的家庭支持却为降低台湾员工WFC之有效因子。最后,WFC可有效预测台湾员工之家庭满意,主管家庭支持则可有效预测两地员工的工作满意。两地比较方面,工作限制与主管支持封台湾员工的WFC都较大陆员工有更强的影响,亦即“地区”（台湾或大陆）对工作要求及资源与WFC之间的关系都存在干扰作用。     

家庭支持型主管行为与员工工作投入关系分析——内部人身份感知和工作-家庭增益的链式中介作用

本文整合了社会交换理论和资源保存理论,解释了在中国本土文化情景中家庭支持型主管行为对员工工作投入的影响机制。通过346名企业员工的问卷调查数据,应用MPLUS进行检验发现:(1)家庭支持型主管行为对员工工作投入具有显著正向影响;(2)内部人身份感知在家庭支持型主管行为与员工工作投入之间发挥着中介作用;(3)工作-家庭增益在家庭支持型主管行为与员工工作投入之间发挥着中介作用;(4)当模型同时引入内部人身份感知和工作-家庭增益时,二者具有链式中介效应,即家庭支持型主管行为通过提升员工的内部人身份感知促进个体的工作对家庭增益水平,进而激发员工的工作投入度。最后根据研究结论,从家庭支持型主管行为以及各个中介环节视角提出了管理建议,为组织管理实践提供了指导借鉴。     

Asymmetric impacts of ICT and energy intensity on agricultural productivity: Evidence from Asia-Pacific region

In the contemporary times of rising food insecurity and malnutrition, the agricultural sector needs more attention. This study aims to investigate the asymmetric impacts of information and communication technologies (ICTs), energy intensity, urbanization, and inequality on agricultural productivity for 20 Asia-Pacific countries from 1990 to 2020. To investigate asymmetric impacts, the study employs the panel nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) model. The estimated results revealed that positive and negative shocks in ICT, energy intensity, and urbanization have asymmetric impacts on agricultural productivity in the long run, whereas symmetry is observed in short-run impacts. It is found that a 1% increase (decrease) in ICT and urbanization increases (decreases) agricultural productivity by 0.292% (0.662%) and 2.717% (2.759%), respectively, whereas a 1% increase (decrease) in energy intensity decreases (increases) agricultural productivity by 0.252% (0.216%) in the long run. Furthermore, the results of the Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel causality test point out the existence of bi-directional causality between agricultural productivity and the independent variables (ICT, energy intensity, urbanization, and inequality). Based on the findings, the study suggests that the Asia-Pacific countries should increase the application of ICT and use energy more efficiently in agriculture to boost agricultural productivity.     

R&D subsidy and output subsidy in a duopoly: The role of technology spillover and R&D budget

Technology spillover and research and development (R&D) budget are relevant on government subsidies that aim at improving social welfare through enhancing R&D incentives of firms. However, there has not been related literature considering these two factors. To fill this gap, this paper examines the effect of technology spillover and R&D budget on R&D competition of duopolistic firms and government subsidies by constructing a game-theoretic model. We find that while each firm's profit sometimes increases with R&D budget for low coefficient of technology spillover, this profit may decrease with R&D budget for high coefficient of technology spillover due to the intensified R&D competition. We show that when both R&D budget and the coefficient of technology spillover remain high, R&D subsidy leads to higher social welfare than output subsidy and otherwise R&D subsidy results in lower social welfare.     

库区移民安置的新思路——论发展库区休闲游憩业

修建水库和水电站．必然造成原住地居民失去世世代代繁衍生息的地方．形成库区移民安置问题。移民安置有多种形式和方法，其中就近安置，发展库区休闲游憩业．是一种非常有效的途径。应采取一系列措施．促进库区旅游业的发展，实现库区移民的安居乐业。     

Impact of information and communication technologies on fertilizer and pesticide use efficiency of China's grain production

Based on a panel data from National Rural Fixed Point Survey (NRFP), this study explored the effects of information and communication technologies (ICTs) on the fertilizer and pesticide use efficiency of China's grain production and the mechanisms using stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) and two-way fixed-effects model with two-stage least square (2SLS) estimation. The results show that the average fertilizer use efficiency (FE), pesticide use efficiency (PE) and comprehensive fertilizer and pesticide use efficiency (CFPE) of grain production were 0.286, 0.404, and 0.364 respectively during 2003–2011. It should be noted that the CFPE decreased by 48.39% during 2003–2011 and showed a descending trend in all regions. ICTs had significant positive effects on FE, PE, and CPFE which could be explained by providing farmers more sustainable knowledge and hence shifting farming practices from overusing fertilizer towards using farmyard manure as a substitute. ICTs' positive effects were more pronounced for farmers with higher-level education and in central region. Additionally, ICTs had significant spillover effects, extending from users to nonusers within the villages. These results suggest that ICTs could be considered as an effective way to increase the fertilizer and pesticide use efficiency and promote the sustainable development of agriculture in China.     

澳大利亚海洋科技进展综述

本文较详细地报告了澳大利亚的海洋政策、海洋科技计划以及最新出台的海洋科研与创新战略,介绍了开展海洋科技研究的相关机构,阐述了海洋科研所取得的一些主要成就以及正在开展的前沿海洋科研活动,并对我国海洋科技的发展提出了一些建议,供参考。     

The evolution and use of a policy and research tool: assessing the technological capabilities of firms

Firms differ widely in their technological capabilities. Innovation policies are likely to be more or less successful depending upon the level of such abilities of those firms to which a policy is aimed. Without data on the proficiencies, strengths and weaknesses of firms within the target group(s), the construction and application of innovation or industrial policies are likely to miss salient factors in the ability of firms to benefit from the support that is intended. An in-depth knowledge of firms’ capabilities can allow policy-makers to target support according to the specific needs of firms. This paper describes the Technology capability audit tool (or CAT) that was designed to assist policy-makers in differentiating between firms and in understanding their level of ‘innovation readiness’. Examples of the use of the CAT are presented from South Korea, Thailand, Ireland, Brazil and the UK.     

国外振兴老工业基地的经验与启示

老工业基地的兴衰是科技发展与资源配置的共同结果。欧美等发达国家依靠其成熟市场与体制,对陷入衰落的老工业基地进行了卓有成效的改造和振兴,其本质是根据市场规律进行资源的有效配置,并配合相应的制度保障和政策调节,使老工业基地重新焕发活力。国外振兴老工业基地的经验对我国老工业基地的改造振兴有着深刻的借鉴意义。     

Households technology adoption and use patterns: the case of digital terrestrial television in six Italian regions

The paper explores the technology adoption and use patterns of households. Many theories are focusing on the adoption; however, some studies show that the adoption mechanisms in households are still unknown. Before any sound theoretical proposals could be made, additional exploratory studies in this field are necessary to discover the relations between use behaviour and adoption determinants. To demonstrate this, our exploratory study uses the case of digital terrestrial television (DTT) introduction in Italy. The study incorporates exploratory factor analysis to identify dimensions of DTT adoption and use. These dimensions were further investigated through their relations with demographic variables of primary decision-makers in households. We found that DTT adoption and use relate to household characteristics in a relatively complex way, but clear systematic use patterns are evident. These patterns can serve as an empirical evidence to further develop theories in this field.     

科技竞争力研究综述

科技竞争力是综合反映一个国家或地区一定时期内在科技领域所达到的先进水平的量化指标,已成为其经济发展的重要评价因素。本文在搜集国内外相关文献的基础上,对学术界关于科技竞争力的内涵、理论依据、实证分析等研究成果进行了系统分析与综合,并指出研究的特点、不足以及应注意的要点。     

西部大开发与可持续发展战略

西部大开发必须坚持可持续发展战略。我国历史上曾经出现过好几次西部开发的高潮,但是不论是开发规模还是深度,它们都不能与当今的西部大开发相提并论。尤其是可持续发展的要求使当今的我国西部大开发成为一项艰巨而复杂的系统工程。完成好系统工程需要系统的举措,本文对此进行了重点探讨。