王亚南对广义政治经济学的研究及其启示

广义政治经济学是恩格斯在《反杜林论》中首次提出的,他认为马克思和自己都没有完成广义政治经济学的研究创造。我国当代著名马克思主义经济学家王亚南曾计划分20讲对广义政治经济学进行研究,由于诸多原因,虽未能完成宿愿,但他从研究内容、方法原则等角度的研究成果对如何进一步创造完成广义政治经济学有积极的启示意义。     

企业权力性质的历史唯物主义解读

现代主流企业理论认为企业是"契约"性质的,并建构交易费用范畴来分析企业内部的契约关系,但这种关系不同于马克思主义分析框架中的经济关系和生产关系,而被认为是一种法权关系和交易关系.事实上,企业契约背后隐含着经济关系和生产关系,表现为复杂的权力支配关系或层级关系,而不是平等的交易关系.因此,企业是"权力"性质的.深化认识企业的"权力"性质,可以从企业权力分析的历史向度问题以及企业权力的内生性质等方面来拓展.这是一种基于历史唯物主义来分析企业权力现象及其权力关系演变的视角或方法.     

Lessons for Development from the Japanese Experience

Economic class, defined in relation to its actual control over the economy’s productive assets, is the most useful lens for examining power distribution in the post-Soviet transition and clarifying the neoliberal nature of its social provisioning processes. Using Ukraine as an illustration, I argue that only ownership empowerment of economically powerless classes can democratize the oligarchic transition economies. As an exit strategy from oligarchic capitalism, I recommend that state capitalism be implemented, as a transitory condition only, to divest oligarchs of unlawfully acquired economic power. Then, progressive restructuring of oligarchic companies must be conducted through broadening property ownership to include shared ownership and worker participation in economic decisions. I conclude that only by nurturing the democratic fundamentals of the economy and promoting a social democratic welfare state could a government in post-Euromaidan Ukraine initiate its own social control and create a genuine political and economic democracy.     

西方金融资本主义下的寄生阶级、债务通缩与大萧条——兼评迈克尔·赫德森的金融资本主义批判理论

金融资本生成于产业资本、商业资本和银行资本的垄断融合。在支配生产、流通和信用的基础上,金融资本通过定价权、金融投机、地租寻租、支配国债、滥用货币发行权等途径而建立一套寄生性的积累机制。随着金融资本对生产关系的全面支配,金融资本的寄生性积累也越来越系统化、自主化,造成的社会危机也越来越不容易从外部加以克服,但同时,金融资本内部自我否定的逻辑却表现得越来越强烈。金融资本的寄生性积累导致债务膨胀和产业萎缩相互加强的危机,即债务通缩危机。新自由主义量化宽松的反通缩政策,在一定程度上避免了旧版大萧条,却导致了更难以解决的新版大萧条。美国学者赫德森把对金融资本寄生性积累的批判纳入到从古典政治经学到马克思主义政治经济学的传统中,从金融资本的寄生性积累探讨西方经济、政治危机的根源,虽然其金融资本批判理论还因缺乏辩证逻辑而有一定的缺点,但是该理论基本的理论方向是值得肯定的。     

Perspectives on Michael A. Bernstein's A Perilous Progress: Economists and Public Purpose in Twentieth-Century America *

The article compares Joseph Schumpeter's well-known perspectives of long term economic development with those put forward in the 1920's by the German economist Werner Sombart who followed an approach of ‘theoretical historicism’. There was general agreement between Schumpeter and Sombart that capitalism as an economic system was on the decline. Whereas according to Sombart this was attributable to a tendancy towards stagnation; in Schumpeter's view capitalism was doomed due to its success, not for its failure. The strongest parallels are to be found with respect to forces driving the transformation process, at the end of which Schumpeter expected a socialist system whereas Sombart envisioned some kind of mixed economy. The article also discusses the relevance of differences of approaches and of value judgments for the results of both authors' investigations.     

Inequality and the Phases of Capitalism

We live in a capitalist world characterized by economic inequality. Inequality is a real curse, but it does not have to always increase. In different phases of capitalism, it may be increasing, constant, or decreasing, depending on the dominant type of technical progress (capital-using, capital-neutral, or capital-saving), on the organizational capacity of the workers, on the competition from other countries with lower wages, and on the prevailing degree of democracy. But distribution faces an economic constraint: the expected profit rate must remain attractive to business entrepreneurs. From the mid-twentieth century, we would expect technological progress to change from neutral to capital-saving, which would allow wages to increase at a faster rate than productivity. Indeed, this happened in the Golden Years of capitalism, but such progress stalled in the succeeding neoliberal years, dominated as they were by a class coalition of rentier capitalists and financiers.     

Evolution of U.S. Household Agency Over Stages of Capitalism

We suggest ways to explore household agency over stages of capitalism as delineated by Hyman Minsky. We make a distinction between households as institutions and going concerns. Furthermore, we delineate two levels of household agency: (i) household going concerns operating through the institution of the household, and (ii) household going concerns operating through other institutions, such as the state and the business enterprise. Those layers of household agency are especially salient in money manager capitalism, where there is an illusionary agency for most households, and where actual agency increases mostly for those households that are able to operate as agents outside of the household institution.     

马克思经济哲学思想的公开阐述——对蒲鲁东经济学、哲学思想的批判

《哲学的贫困》是马克思第一次公开系统地阐述自己的经济学哲学思想。其中,马克思运用历史唯物主义的观点批判了普鲁东的哲学思想和价值理论,阐述了分工、竞争、所有权、罢工和工人同盟等经济理论．宣告了自己的“形而上学”,即实践的、历史的、辩证的唯物主义的问世,实现了政治经济学和哲学的公开宣言。     

The (International) Political Economy of Falling Wage Shares: Situating Working-Class Agency

This paper relates the financial and monetary dimensions of the contemporary economic crisis to working-class agency via a central concern of classical political economy: the distribution of surplus between the chief factors of production. The fall in the wage share of value added is now accepted as a stylised fact in the empirical economic literature. This paper argues that the punctuated pattern of the development validates the regulation theoretical narrative of an epochal shift from Fordism to finance-led accumulation. Furthermore, synthesising econometric studies supports a class-centred explanation. In the last instance, the falling wage share is due to successful transnational class rule in the form of a neoliberal hegemonic paradigm. Crucially, such class rule restructured the environment of trade unions, rendering increasingly ineffective its relational power resources. The paper concludes by considering the contradictory implications for organised labour of the current financial crisis. On the one hand, the financial crisis offers an opportunity to link its particular interests to the general interest of macroeconomic management since low wage share inhibits growth rates. But how might trade unions assert a higher wage share in the face of the structural power of (financial) capital?     

解决我国失地农民问题面临的六大矛盾

从解决我国失地农民问题的重要性出发,分析了解决失地农民问题的必要条件以及制约因素,论述了在目前社会经济条件下,从根本上解决失地农民问题存在的六个方面矛盾。     

What about the Elephant in the Room? Varieties of Capitalism,Varieties in Capitalism

Conceived as considerably broader than simply the Varieties of Capitalism framework, I argue that the varieties of capitalism literature is premised upon an institutional reductionism which necessitates the search for a more holistic approach. In brief, if we are to explain convincingly the evolution of national political economies, then we must acknowledge that varieties of capitalism are also varieties in capitalism. In particular, Antonio Gramsci's writings on common sense enable us to focus on the role of institutions as a historical force without abandoning the system of production that they are part of. I then provide an alternative explanation, compared to the varieties of capitalism literature, of the evolution of the Dutch and German political economies in order to demonstrate the advantages of the framework I develop.     

浅析经济全球化矛盾运动发展趋势

经济全球化是指生产要素跨越国界在全球范围内自由流动,各国、各地区相互融合成整体的历史过程。经济全球化是在特定的历史条件下产生和发展的一种潮流和趋势。经济全球化是世界经济发展中的一种客观趋势,它也是一种复杂的演化过程,充满着矛盾运动。从某种意义上说,它既反映了世界经济的内在矛盾,又是这种矛盾运动的必然结果。因此,要更好地把握其规律,就必须对经济全球化表现及其趋势中矛盾运动的发展进行深入的探讨。     

当前基层调解工作存在的问题及其对策措施

当前,我国进入了社会转型期和矛盾凸显期,各类矛盾纠纷呈现出新特点。基层传统的调解工作面临困境,难以适应现实需要。对当前各类社会矛盾的现状与特点进行了深入的分析和探究,并从调解机制保障、调解队伍建设等方面剖析了当前调解工作存在的问题与不足,提出了针对性的对策措施,以彻底改变以往的调解工作格局。     

The Capitalist Revolution in Latin America

This article argues that the business enterprise has evolved through successive stable organizational structures which correspond with instability for those falling outside its aegis. This is shown in the institutional and historical context of both managerial capitalism in the mid-twentieth century as well as the era of financialization that followed. Hence, the framework developed herein elaborates on the ceremonial characteristics of the business enterprise under money manager capitalism, and constitutes a contribution toward an updated going concern theory of the business enterprise.     

论社会和谐、社会发展与社会矛盾的关系

通过对社会和谐、社会发展、社会矛盾之问的关系进行分析,指出从中国改革开放事业发展到今天,我们既取得了举世瞩目的伟大成就,同时又出现了一系列新问题、新矛盾,而且一些问题和矛盾还比较突出,迫切需要解决。因此,只有把握好和谐、发展、矛盾之间的关系,中国特色社会主义事业才能不断推向前进。     

徘徊在“推”与“敲”之间——从贾岛诗作析其人生中的多对矛盾冲突

“推敲”是贾岛文化的一个重要的符号。从解释的角度看,贾岛在“推”与“敲”之间的选择,正好反映了他的诗作是徘徊的,是在自然人与社会人,理想社会与现实社会,个人理想与人生厄运,儒生与释子,诗歌意境与真实情景诸多方面矛盾内在冲突的选择和展现上的徘徊,这也是贾岛文化生生不息的魅力所在。     

新自由主义体制与美国经济运行的矛盾与危机——对世界金融危机的再思考

新自由主义体制条件下,美国经济运行过程中存在明显的生产与消费的矛盾,或者说是有利的剩余价值生产条件和不利的剩余价值实现之间的矛盾。21世纪初期的美国经济就是在这种矛盾的不断积累和激化的过程中歪歪斜斜的增长的。在美国经济不断金融化和金融全球化日趋深入的过程中,美国经济的运行机制和人们的消费观念、消费行为都发生了重大变化,从而推迟了美国经济危机的到来。     

The impact of product market competition on GDP per capita growth in the EU countries: does the model of capitalism matter?

This article assesses whether the intensity of product market competition is a factor affecting economic growth (measured by the growth rate of real GDP per capita) and whether this impact depends on the model of capitalism. The study covers the 1997–2015 period and all EU28 countries. Product market competition is measured by two types of variables: product market regulation indicators and the number of enterprises. New elements in the analysis include, among others, nonlinear impact and overlapping observations. The regression equations are estimated on the basis of Blundell and Bond’s GMM system estimator. The results generally indicate that stronger product market regulations (and theoretically lower product market competition) are linked with faster growth of output. However, the impact of product market competition on economic growth depends on the type of capitalism. For post-socialist countries, unlike the Western European model of capitalism, more regulation tends to reduce the rate of economic growth.