一种基于马尔可夫链的随机预测模型——以日本地方经济为例

本文通过分析研究,提出一种基于马尔可夫链的随机预测模型,该模型在预测日本地方经济时可以取得较好的效果。该模型可以预测2020年及之前日本各地方县市经济的变化情况。虽然本文提出的模型比较简单,但通过扩展,该模型在预测日本地方县市经济时可以提供更准确的信息。     

上市公司财务危机预警模型构建研究

本文以中国沪深两市的A股上市公司资料为基础,利用距离判别分析法建立了一个既可以预测企业财务危机,又可以分析其成因的财务危机预警模型组,包括：预测企业整体危机的模型;预测企业经营效率的模型;预测企业财务结构是否合理的模型;预测企业是否具有成长能力的模型;预测企业偿债能力是否存在问题的模型。运用该模型组可以帮助企业管理者及时发现企业潜在的财务危机并查出产生财务危机的原因,有利于将企业财务危机控制在萌芽状态。企业利害关系人也可以通过该模型来了解企业的风险状况,以便做出正确决策。     

上市公司财务危机预警模型构建研究

本文以中国沪深两市的A股上市公司资料为基础,利用距离判别分析法建立了一个既可以预测企业财务危机,又可以分析其成因的财务危机预警模型组,包括:预测企业整体危机的模型;预测企业经营效率的模型;预测企业财务结构是否合理的模型;预测企业是否具有成长能力的模型;预测企业偿债能力是否存在问题的模型。运用该模型组可以帮助企业管理者及时发现企业潜在的财务危机并查出产生财务危机的原因,有利于将企业财务危机控制在萌芽状态。企业利害关系人也可以通过该模型来了解企业的风险状况,以便做出正确决策。     

基于BP神经网络模型的国内旅游人数预测

旅游人数的分析和预测是旅游规划与管理的关键性、基础性工作。目前旅游人数预测主要采用基于传统研究方法的预测方法。提出了一种基于BP神经网络模型的国内旅游人数预测新方法,对国内旅游人数的变化趋势进行了综合分析与预测,结果表明该方法具有较高的精度,该模型在旅游人数预测中的应用是可行的。     

基于改进灰色预测模型的河南省第三产业对经济增长的贡献率预测

本文主要对河南省第三产业对经济增长的贡献率进行预测研究。在对该问题的研究过程中,一种改进的灰色预测模型被应用到实际的预测之中。这种改进的模型通过采用一次累加生成序列的最后一个数值作为时间响应函数的初始值,能够有效的利用新的信息。通过实际的预测发现,该模型能够有效拟合原始数据信息,并且越靠近最新时间点,预测精度越高,效果越好。因此,该模型可以为具有小样本特征的数据提供很好的预测思路。     

多元回归-马尔可夫复合模型在上证综指预测中的应用

本文研究了近年我国股票市场与国际股票市场指数之间的关联性,为了弥补一般多元回归模型对于随机波动性强的数据的预测误差大的缺陷,建立了多元回归-马尔可夫模型,通过对比分析,该复合模型较一般的多元回归模型预测效果更佳。最后利用复合模型对上证综指进行了短期预测。     

基于组合模型对高速公路路面使用性能的预测研究

本文系统地总结了国内外高速公路路面使用性能预测模型的研究现状,本着利用组合预测方法提高预测精度和降低预测风险的思想,提出了衰变模型和马尔可夫概率模型的组合模型,以广东省北环高速公路为实例证明该组合模型的可应用性。     

基于粒子群优化BP神经网络的房价预测

针对房价预测问题,文章给出一种基于粒子群优化的BP神经网络算法,并利用该算法提出两种预测房屋销售价格指数的方法。对房屋销售价格月指数的时间序列预测,直接建立PSO-BP模型;而对年指数预测,首先选择房价影响因素进行因子分析,然后在此基础上建立PSO-BP模型。两种对房屋销售价格指数的PSO-BP模型预测结果与BP模型相比,其精度均有较大提高,收敛更快。     

基于小波的灰色动态组合模型及其在变形预测中的应用

针对GM(1,1)模型对随机波动性较大的数据列拟合较差,预测精度低的缺点,提出了基于小波理论的灰色动态组合模型,结合实测数据的研究表明,该模型预测精度远高于单一的灰色模型。     

组合灰色预测模型对物流需求预测效果的分析

在线性回归与GM(1,1)组合模型对物流需求量预测,可取得优于单方法预测效果的前提下,将线性回归法运用到与DGM(1,1)模型进行组合,检测该组合灰色预测模型对物流需求量预测效果。通过对国内2001-2012年物流需求量历史数据的分析,发现组合灰色预测模型的预测效果优于线性回归模型,但低于DGM(1,1)模型,最后利用线性回归模型、DGM(1,1)模型、简单平均组合模型和组合灰色预测模型对国内2013-2017的物流需求量进行了有效预测。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。     

浅谈大体积混凝土裂缝的控制

大体积混凝土的裂缝问题是实际工程中长期困扰工程技术人员的问题,其控制技术的研究是混凝土结构研究的热点问题,具有重大的学术价值和潜伏的工程背景。     

Supply Chain Strategies in the UK Fashion Industry—The Rhetoric of Partnership and Realities of Power

This paper focuses on the fashion industry, one characterised by issues such as dramatic shifts in the scale and power of major retail buyers in the market, the advent of retailer own brands, and the nature of sourcing and supply chain decisions, issues that are increasingly global in nature. The aim of this research is to explore the nature of relationships between UK high street multiple fashion retailers and their contracted suppliers, many of whom are entrepreneurial firms by most definitions of the term. Four core themes emerge from the literature and provide a framework for the research, namely, power, process, partnership, and people. The research approach was qualitative, and conducted over a period of twelve months. The paper ends with an agenda for future research.