胚移:品种改良快捷方式

胚胎移植是牛羊等草食家畜优良品种扩繁最先进的手段。所谓胚胎移植就是通过超数排卵技术将优良品种牛羊的胚胎(7日龄左右的受精卵),用人工方法移植到一般品种的母牛羊子宫里发育成胎儿,最后产下纯种优良品种牛羊的过程。这种技术对我国目前现有奶牛、肉牛、山羊、绵羊生产性能低下的品种改良有特别重要的意义。     

推荐两个各具特色的国外良种牛

1.肉牛之王“日本和牛”日本“黑毛和牛”体格高大、结构匀称,是世界公认的优质肉牛品种,其肉质呈红色大理石花纹,多汁细嫩,肌肉脂肪中不饱和脂肪酸含量很低,风味独特,深受消费者喜爱,市场价格极高。日本对这一优良品种资源实行封锁,禁止对外出口。1996年安徽省畜禽品种改良站在农业部的大力支     

构建动物疫病防控体系 全面推进句容畜牧经济

涟水县畜牧兽医站主要负责本地区动物防疫、检疫检验、兽药饲料管理、品种改良、畜牧生产和畜牧科技推广等工作。近年来,涟水县畜牧兽医站全面加强动物疫病防治、畜禽品种改良、畜禽科学饲养、畜牧科技推广、秸杆利用与开发、瘦肉型商品猪基地建设等方面工作,为涟水县畜牧经济持续稳步发展作出重要贡献。由于成绩显著,畜牧兽医站先后被江苏省农林厅、人事厅、盐城市防治重大动物疫病指挥部、盐城市林牧渔业发展局、涟水县委县政府分别授予全省农林系统工作先进单位、防治禽流感工作先进单位、科普工作先进单位、先进基层党支部、农村工作先…     

定时输精技术在牛品种改良中的应用效果

近些年,随着规模化养殖的发展壮大,规模化养殖场开始重视牛肉的质量和产量.只有科学程序化的饲养模式才能实现提质增产的养殖目标.其中对牛实施的准时精液输注技术(人工授精)在肉牛品种改良方面起到了核心作用,有效解决了肉牛肉质量和产量等问题.本文着重讲述肉牛品种改良中(定时)人工授精方法的关键技术及注意事项.     

肉羊适度规模高床舍饲育肥技术

围绕肉羊生产的“良种选择、场址布局、羊舍建设、投入品使用、卫生防疫、饲养管理”等关键环节,通过推广标准化羊舍（高架羊床）建设技术、肉羊杂交利用技术、全混合日粮饲喂技术、秸秆青贮（微贮、氨化）和疫病防治等综合配套技术,进行适度规模商品化快速育肥生产,缩短肉羊育肥时间,     

影响民和县动物防疫工作的几个因素及对策

1影响动物疫病防疫工作的几大因素1.1疫苗的不安全。动物疫病防治用的专供疫苗应该是科技含量高,具有高度安全性的生物药品,是直接     

农业部确定畜牧业发展重点

据《中国供销商情》报道 :今后一个时期我国畜牧业将在稳定生猪和禽蛋生产的基础上 ,加快发展牛羊肉和禽肉生产 ,突出发展奶和羊毛。由于改革开放以来畜牧业的大发展 ,我国猪肉和禽蛋人均占有量超过世界平均水平 ,今后生猪应稳定数量 ,扩大加工 ,提高效益。禽蛋生产将由规模扩张向提高效率转变 ,由城郊集中饲养向农村适度规模饲养转变 ,由单一鲜蛋供应向鲜蛋与加工蛋品结合转变。我国牛、羊肉人均占有量低 ,优质肉产量少。肉牛、羊生产将加快品种改良 ,推广生长快、肉质好、饲料利用率高的优良品种。肉禽生产将加快品种的更新换代 ,进一步采…     

现代肉牛产业技术

牛产业是农业产业结构的重要组成部分。使农民充分认识肉牛生产产业化发展的重要意义,着眼未来,创新现在,掌握肉牛产业技术,大力发展肉牛产业合作组织,着力培育一批规模适度、效益良好、科技含量高的肉牛产业示范村、示范户或示范园,加快新技术向现实生产力的转化．已经是当务之急、大势所趋。     

中国肉牛养殖生产布局的阶段特征、变迁路径和影响机制——基于2008—2019年省域统计数据的空间计量分析

[目的]为充分了解“十一五”“十二五”“十三五”期间中国肉牛养殖及育肥养殖生产布局的阶段特征、变迁路径和影响机制。[方法]文章运用2008—2019年中国各地肉牛年末存栏量和牛肉产量数据,利用生产集中度、生产重心迁移轨迹阐述生产布局的阶段特征和变迁路径,利用莫兰指数、吉尔里指数和G指数分析空间相关性,利用空间面板模型分析影响因素及效应。[结果]肉牛养殖生产重心向西北方迁移了154.6km,自2017年空间正相关逐渐显著,粗饲料资源禀赋、劳动力质量、技术进步和非农就业机会是布局变迁的重要影响因素;肉牛育肥养殖生产重心向西迁移了119.15km,三大指数均具有显著性,饲料资源禀赋、劳动力质量、技术进步、市场价格、交通通达度、畜牧产业比较优势和非农就业机会是布局变迁的重要影响因素。[结论]肉牛养殖和育肥养殖均呈现出由农区向牧区迁移趋势,且存在空间正相关性,但具体变迁路径和影响机制有所差异,就此提出“合理编制肉牛生产规划、系统加强流通环节建设、强化科学技术支撑、保障饲料稳定供应”的政策建议。     

江阴市畜牧兽医站

宗旨防治畜禽疫病,改良畜禽品种,促进畜牧业发展业务范围畜禽疫病医治、疫病预防、疫病测报:畜禽产地、屠宰检疫;畜禽与畜禽产品无害化处理;畜禽养殖新技术推广;种畜禽质量管理、繁育;畜禽品种改良、管理。江阴市畜牧兽医站     

面粉中含砂量测定的不确定度评定

本文依据《粮油检验粉类粮食含砂量测定》对面粉中含砂量进行测量,并对其测量结果进行不确定度分析,探究影响测量过程中不确定度分量来源并进行评定。分析得出,扩展不确定度为0.0004%,面粉中含砂量测定结果为0.017%±0.0004%(k=2)。     

饲料中镉含量的测量不确定度评定

分析石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定饲料中镉含量不确定度各个分量,对其测量不确定度进行合理评定,结果表明:饲料样品中镉含量为0.052 mg/kg时,其扩展不确定度为0.0035 mg/kg(k=2),校准过程和测试过程随机效应是引入不确定度的主要原因。     

食品中金黄色葡萄球菌定量检测的不确定度评定

为提高食品中金黄色葡萄球菌定量检测结果的准确性,本文对测量不确定度进行分析和评定.按照《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验金黄色葡萄球菌检验》(GB 4789.10—2016)第二法金黄色葡萄球菌平板计数法对人工染菌的乳粉样品进行检测,按照《测量不确定度评定与表示》(JJF 1059.1—2012)分析不确定度来源、评定...     

中国水稻生产效率的变动分析

一、引言中国是世界最大的稻谷生产国 ,水稻是中国最主要的粮食作物。我国加入WTO后 ,在市场经济的调节下 ,稻谷生产与贸易受国际市场和价格的影响越来越大 ,因而如何保护我国的农业 ,提高我国水稻的国际竞争力 ,促进我国农产品的生产和贸易 ,是摆在我们面前的一件重要事情。而生产效率的提高有助于提高我国水稻的国际竞争力 ,所以 ,研究水稻的生产效率很有意义和价值。生产效率是指产出量与全部投入之比 ,表明产出量的变动与全部投入量变动的关系 ,以衡量生产率的变化对经济增长的作用。生产效率一般是指生产系统的总要素生产率 (TotalFa…     

明代华北农业发展的推动因素分析——生产要素角度的描述与估计

本文以明代时期的北直隶、山东、河南为例,从生产要素的角度分析明代华北农业发展的推动因素.一是人口的增长、迁移和耕地面积的增加.二是农田水利,除了治理河流,井灌得到了广泛采用.三是农业技术有所进步.本文还尝试用生产函数模型,分别对中性、劳动增强型和土地增强型的技术进步率进行估计,结苯表明,明代华北农业的增长方式主要依赖于劳动和耕地的增加.在资源约束日益加剧的今天,要进一步重视技术进步在推动农业发展中的作用,同时在技术选择和创新中还特别需要注意与各地的资源禀赋条件相适应.     

分光光度法测定食品中亚硝酸盐不确定度评估

本文根据《测量不确定度评定与表示》(JJF 1059.1—2012)和《食品安全国家标准食品中亚硝酸盐与硝酸盐的测定》(GB 5009.33—2016),利用分光光度法对食品中亚硝酸盐的含量进行测定,建立数学模型对亚硝酸盐含量测定的不确定度来源分量进行计算、分析,食品中亚硝酸盐的测定结果可以表示为X=(11.2±0.70)mg·kg^-1,k=2,为评价试验测量结果的真确性提供科学依据。     

农地生产率变化及不同规模农户农地生产率比较研究--浙江省农村固定观察点农户农地经营状况分析

本文以浙江省农村固定观察点的农户为研究对象①,对近十几年来农户农地利用结构和生产效率方面的变化做一实证分析。一、农地生产率变化分析(一)农地生产率及其经营效益变化从观察户的跟踪观察资料看,随着科学技术的进步和农户生产技术水平的提高,农户的农地生产率总体呈上升趋势。这里我们以浙江的主要农作物粮食的单位面积产量与农地单位面积投工两个方面来说明。从表1可见,在固定观察点建立以来的14年中,按播种面积计算的粮食亩产提高了15.14%(1988年较1986年提高20.60%);同期,每亩农地的用工量减少了36.76%。表1的后半部分是农户农地经…     

重庆缙云山旅游竞争力提升研究

缙云山作为国家级重点风景名胜区,在自然资源、生态、区位和宗教旅游方面具有一定的旅游竞争优势,但如何有效利用这些优势资源提高景区的竞争力仍是其面临的重要问题。通过分析缙云山的旅游竞争力基本要素,指出其目前存在的旅游产品单一、景区客源市场小等问题。提出改变旅游资源开发方向,完善解说系统,培养专业人才,加强管理等提升缙云山旅游竞争力的相关措施。     

Evaluation of forestland use in mining operation activities in Turkey in terms of sustainable natural resources

Mining has been necessary for human activities and is conducted in line with this need. The location of mines must sometimes be where land use overlaps with other activities because the location of the mined substance cannot be changed. In Turkey, forestland are the most common of these overlapping areas. Therefore, mining has frequently occurred on forestland in Turkey—and worldwide. After the mining operation activities are conducted, the forestland are rehabilitated and returned to the forest administration. The examination of used and returned areas provides an opportunity to create an optimal situation between “mining for sustainable development” and “protection of forestland.”Accordingly, several questions, such as mining production amounts, degrees of social and economic development of the cities in which enterprises are conducting mining, the quantity of the areas they used for mining activities in forestland, the areas which were returned to the forest administration, operating license areas and operation permit areas, and the life of mining operation, were asked to the mining enterprises in Turkey through the “Survey Monkey” program in 2018. Thus, according to mineral groups, different land use rates were compared with the operating license areas, and the land uses for each mineral group were analyzed by considering the operation activity periods. The results indicate that the sustainability of the use of forestry in mining activities in Turkey has changed in a positive direction, particularly because of changes in mining and environmental legislation in Turkey over the last decade.     

Assessment of implementation of protection of mineral deposits in spatial planning in Poland

A complex of raw materials available in a given commune shapes its functional − spatial structure and affects local economic development. The use of the resource base of minerals depends largely on the management of the space and respecting the zoning restrictions connected with protection of mineral deposits. The urgent need to protect them is due to their non-renewable nature and progressive development of the land. Preserving access to deposits is essential to ensure future mineral supply necessary for the economic development. This article presents the results of the assessment of implementation of rules of protection of mineral deposits in spatial planning at the level of territorial units in Poland.The study has been conducted in twenty-three communes of the Lesser Poland voivodeship, for thirty-one unexploited mineral deposits designated for protection in the Spatial Development Plan of the Lesser Poland (Małopolskie) Voivodeship of 2003. In the study of conflict with development of the selected mineral deposits with the environment, factors related to land use, forms of nature protection, water conservation and planned land development have been evaluated. The assessment has taken into account the importance of individual factors of conflict by giving them weights by means of pairwise comparison method. Five classes of conflict of the deposit management have been proposed: non-conflicting deposit, small conflict, medium conflict, major conflict and very big conflict. Almost equal numbers of deposits (9) belong to the class characterized by a of medium, small and large conflicts. Road and technical projects as well as expected significant impact of exploitation on the environment restrain exploitation. The impact is related to the necessity of use of explosives during the exploitation and by the cumulative effect of the mining activity already existing nearby. Analysis of the planning documents of the communes has shown both inadequate protection of mineral resources, including designation of areas of deposits for single-family housing, and a few examples of properly maintained spatial planning in the field of protection of mineral deposits. Information obtained from the environmental survey has been supplemented by assessment of the social aspect. In nine communes it has been determined that the areas of mineral deposits are not subject to spatial conflicts but in seven communes there is opposite situation. The most important benefits from the mineral exploitation which has been indicated in the studied documents included: jobs, access to construction materials and development of the commune.Present work allowed to define the areas and the scale of conflicts induced by development of mineral deposits and to propose measures for rational management of mineral resources. Recognition of the existing and potential conflicts can help to make the right decisions concerning development of the area and minimising impacts of exploitation of the mineral deposits.