现行财务报告的改进

随着行业竞争风险的加剧以及高科技的发展,人们对会计信息的期望与要求不断提高,会计信息质量问题正日益为社会所关注。根据决策有用理论,会计系统的基本目的就是向信息使用者提供符合质量特征要求的会计信息,而“财务报告的目的是提供经济决策中有助于一系列使用者的关于企业财务状况、经营业绩和财务变动的资料”。应当认为,在国际会计准则委员会《关于编制和提供财务报表的框架》中,财务报表的目的与会计的基本目标是一致的。这样会计信息的质量通常也就是指财务报告的质量,本文拟从以适应现代会计信息质量的要求入手,讨论改进现行财务报告的对策。     

现行财务报告质量研究及改进刍议

根据决策有用理论,会计系统的基本目标就是向信息使用者提供符合质量特征要求的会计信息。财务报告作为会计信息的综合表达和载体之一,其基本目标是向信息使用者提供决策有用的会计信息。财务报告的质量高低也就取决于其所提供的会计信息的质量好坏。通常认为构成会计信息决策有用的两大特征是相关性和可靠性,本文拟从这两方面对现行财务报告的质量进行分析和评价,并提出相应的改进措施。 　　一、现行财务报告质量评价 　　(一 )相关性评价。相关性是指“与决策有关联,能够影响决策的能力”,即一种有用的信息,要能够帮助使用者对…     

我国财务报告的现状及完善对措的思考

财务报告的目的是提供有助于一系列使用者在经济决策中的关于企业财务状况、经营业绩和财务变动的信息”。应当认为,在国际会计准则委员会《关于编制和提供财务报表的框架》中,财务报表的目标与会计的基本目的是一致的。会计信息的质量通常也就是指财务报告的质量。本文拟从现行财务报告存在的问题入手,讨论改进的对策,以适应会计信息质量的要求。     

谈会计信息质量要求

会计信息质量要求是对企业财务报告中所提供会计信息质量的基本要求,是使财务报告中所提供会计信息对投资者等使用者决策有用应具备的基本特征。会计信息质量要求也称会计信息质量特征,这些质量特征要求会计人员在处理会计业务、提供会计信息时,遵循这些对会计信息的质量要求,以便更好地为企业各利益相关者的经济决策服务。     

上市公司财务报告改进——以雅戈尔股份有限公司为例

正随着市场经济迅速发展,会计信息使用者对企业的经营管理制度和财务决策制度提出了更高的要求,而目前我国上市公司的财务报告会计信息披露不完整、不及时、不可靠,缺乏对企业未来经济活动的预测,从而对信息使用者造成严重后果。探讨上市公司财务报告改进问题对企业经营管理、投资信贷融资等决策和国民经济正常运行具有重大意义。笔者通过分析雅戈尔集团股份有限公司财务报告存在的问题及对上市公司、投资者等会计信息使用者的影响,合理地评价和改进我国现行财务报告中存在问题,从而为上市公司财务报告的改进提供指导。     

规范中期财务报告中所得税处理之我见

中期财务报告可及时向会计信息使用者提供企业财务状况、经营成果和现金流量等方面的会计信息,同时也为预测企业的年度收益提供了重要的依据,从而有利于会计信息使用者做出决策。在中期财务报告中,企业所得税是会计信息使用者关注的问题之一。     

规范中期财务报告中所得税处理之我见

中期财务报告可及时向会计信息使用者提供企业财务状况、经营成果和现金流量等方面的会计信息,同时也为预测企业的年度收益提供了重要的依据,从而有利于会计信息使用者做出决策。在中期财务报告中,企业所得税是会计信息使用者关注的问题之一。     

探讨施工企业编报项目内部会计报表的必要性

企业准则体系以强调高质量会计信息的供给和需求为核心,要求财务报告在反映企业管理层受托责任履行情况的同时,应当向会计信息使用者提决策有用信息。本文从会计准则中会计信息的质量要求出发,分析影响会计信息质量存在的问题,提出解决办法。     

浅议会计信息质量存在的问题及其对策

会计信息质量要求是对企业财务报告中所提供的会计信息质量的基本要求,是使财务报告中所提供的会计信息对使用者决策有用所应具备的基本特征,包括可靠性、相关性、可理解性、可比性、实质重于形式、重要性、谨慎性和及时性等.他们之间是一个完整的整体,是会计信息质量的具体体现.     

改进会计信息质量的对策

众所周知,会计信息主要体现在财务报告中,财务报告反映企业一定时点的财务状况、一定时期的经营成果及现金流量等情况,是企业、投资者、债权人、政府管理机构等会计信息使用者进行决策的重要依据。会计信息质量高低直接影响会计信息使用者的决策,影响国家对宏观经济走向的判断,因此提高会计信息质量具有重要意义。     

Development in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) Statistics at the Australian Bureau of Statistics

This paper outlines the ICT statistical developments that the ABS has undertaken over recent years. These developments have been on both the supply side (ICT industry) and the demand side (use of IT by sector). The content of ABS ICT surveys has changed significantly over the last few years and are expected to develop further in line with industry changes and emerging policy needs.
Recent developments in household collections have been the inclusion of IT use questions in the 2001 Census of Population and Housing and in various ABS social surveys such as Children's Participation in Culture and Leisure Activities. Annual business IT use surveys are now conducted and include topics such as Internet commerce and IT security. Biennial ICT industry surveys are conducted to provide data on ICT production, imports and exports, ICT industry employment, performance and structure information. An Internet activity survey is run every six months and provides regional Internet access details and infrastructure details on Internet service providers.
A major development for 2002–03 will be the compilation of an ICT satellite account. ABS intends to produce an ICT Information Development Plan to guide its future statistical development work in the ICT field.     

Value at Risk in the Suburbs: Eminent Domain and the Geographical Politics of the US Foreclosure Crisis

Several US counties and local governments have recently considered a novel solution to the foreclosure crisis. They plan to use eminent domain to compel the owners of mortgage debt—and specifically of private‐label mortgage‐backed securities—to sell the debt to the government at a price reflecting the loan's market value. The government would then restructure the debt and resell it to new investors. The plans are striking because—in contrast to both development‐driven eminent domain and the federal subprime bank bailout—they would force investors to assume asset devaluation and increased long‐term risk. Notably, the plans have emerged as an instance of financialization‐focused politics in suburbs and suburban cities of color, specifically majority‐black and ‐Latino/a suburbs. Local support for the plans, we argue, is rooted in the long‐term disinvestment of these ‘suburbs of exception', which became targets of subprime lending and eventually sites where the ‘financial exception' has been localized. But these demographic shifts, fragmentation and fiscal pressures have at the same time created a suburban political terrain in which the plans have gained their strongest political support.     

Towards a Theory of Serendipity: A Systematic Review and Conceptualization

Serendipity – the notion of making surprising and valuable discoveries – plays a major role in the success of individuals and organizations alike. Previous research has established the importance of serendipity and identified important individual- and organizational-level antecedents. However, the literature has been dispersed and the boundaries of the concept have been blurry, leading to a lack of conceptual clarity and structure, and thus limiting validity and managerial actionability. Based on a systematic literature review, I synthesize existing management-related research on serendipity and explicate the emergence and composition of serendipity in the organizational context. I first identify three necessary conditions that differentiate serendipity from related concepts such as luck or targeted innovation: agency, surprise, and value. Then, I draw from the literature on sensemaking, event-based theorizing, and quantum-based approaches to management to conceptualize the process of cultivating serendipity in the organizational context as a process of enabling potentiality and materialization, and develop a multi-level theory of (cultivating) serendipity. This conceptualization contributes to our collective understanding of how, why, and when (i.e., under what conditions) organizations can leverage the value in the unexpected, which opens up fruitful avenues for further research.     

Accountability of NGOs in Bangladesh A critical overview

NGOs in Bangladesh have been recognized as effective change agents in the socio-economic arena throughout the world. Their contributions in micro credit, non-formal education and primary health care are widely known. NGOs play a significant role in society. NGO accountability, as a result, has become a critical issue. NGO accountability in Bangladesh has been examined here in relation to patrons, clients and themselves. Of the three relationships only accountability to patrons is in a near satisfactory state. Accountability to clients is handicapped by lack of opportunities of beneficiaries to participate meaningfully in NGO policy making. Accountability to themselves is adversely affected due to the adherence to a strictly hierarchical system and the influence of founding and charismatic NGO leaders.     

Towards an Asian model of human resource management? A comparative analysis of China,Japan and South Korea

There has been much discussion regarding the possible decline and weakening of national systems of human resource management (HRM). Yet, culture and institutions are often cited as the major stumbling blocks to this outcome. Such constraints may dissipate in the analysis, particularly if ‘regional clusters’ are considered where geographic and cultural closeness and ‘openness’ to similar economic pressures exist. In such cases, it might be postulated that convergence in HRM will occur. We argue that China, Japan and South Korea represent such a cluster. This article examines these countries, to see if a degree of convergence is taking place and if it is towards an identifiable ‘Asian’ model of HRM. A model of change is presented that distinguishes between levels of occurrence and acceptance. Details of the development and practice of HRM in each country are then set out. The article ends with a discussion and implications section and a brief conclusion.     

The Creation of the Office for National Statistics

A new Office for National Statistics was created in the United Kingdom in 1996 following a series of developments designed to strengthen the relevance and integrity of statistics. This paper describes these fundamental changes and sets out a blueprint for future progress. It also sets current developments in the United Kingdom in an historical and international context.     

What helps? Women engineers' accounts of staying on

We have considerable understanding of the obstacles that women engineers encounter and the reasons that they leave the field, but we know less about what enables them to remain. Adopting an interpretivist approach, this article examines how a group of British women engineers in two FTSE 100 companies account for “staying on” in their male‐dominated work settings. We delineate four specific forms of help that facilitate women's retention in the field. We argue that exposure to help leads to women developing a habitus that enables them to continue working in engineering. To conclude, we draw on our findings to outline HR practices that will facilitate supportive relationships in the workplace and pave the way towards developing more positive organisational climates.     

论现代物流企业的发展观

物流业经过诸多年的发展目前已经成为最热门的行业之一,物流企业的注册数量也与日俱增,达到前所未有的规模。毋庸置疑,任何企业都希望自己迅速做强做大,并成为真正现代物流企业的典型代表,要实现这一目标一个首要问题就是要解决现代物流企业的发展观问题。     

浅谈大体积混凝土裂缝的控制

大体积混凝土的裂缝问题是实际工程中长期困扰工程技术人员的问题,其控制技术的研究是混凝土结构研究的热点问题,具有重大的学术价值和潜伏的工程背景。     

Supply Chain Strategies in the UK Fashion Industry—The Rhetoric of Partnership and Realities of Power

This paper focuses on the fashion industry, one characterised by issues such as dramatic shifts in the scale and power of major retail buyers in the market, the advent of retailer own brands, and the nature of sourcing and supply chain decisions, issues that are increasingly global in nature. The aim of this research is to explore the nature of relationships between UK high street multiple fashion retailers and their contracted suppliers, many of whom are entrepreneurial firms by most definitions of the term. Four core themes emerge from the literature and provide a framework for the research, namely, power, process, partnership, and people. The research approach was qualitative, and conducted over a period of twelve months. The paper ends with an agenda for future research.