商业银行杠杆水平、金融稳定与宏观审慎政策协调

本文建立了一个同时包含企业违约风险与银行金融风险的新凯恩斯DSGE模型,以技术冲击、金融冲击与货币政策冲击作为外部的风险因素,刻画了实体经济与金融系统间的风险传导渠道,并在此基础上分析了宏观审慎监管政策与宏观审慎货币政策组合的调控效果。主要结论有：(1)以商业银行资本充足率为核心目标的宏观审慎监管政策能够有效地稳定金融系统,但可能削弱传统货币政策对金融变量的调控效果;(2)宏观审慎货币政策应该盯住金融变量,但具体的目标取决于经济波动的驱动因素;(3)当宏观审慎监管政策与宏观审慎货币政策组合时,货币政策对经济的调控效果减弱,且这种政策组合在金融冲击与货币政策冲击下存在“政策叠加”现象。     

异质性预期下宏观审慎政策与货币政策的协调效应

本文在新凯恩斯DSGE模型中引入基于Agent的计算经济学的建模思想,构建了基于Agent的DSGE模型,从社会福利的角度探讨宏观审慎政策效应及其与货币政策的配合策略.研究发现:基于Agent的DSGE模型中,产出与通货膨胀对货币政策冲击的反应较“传统新凯恩斯DSGE模型”平缓,并且持续时间更长;本文模型更加符合现实经济,样本内外预测能力较传统新凯恩斯DSGE模型与VAR模型好;当经济面临违约风险冲击及生产力冲击时,中央银行运用包含逆风策略的货币政策工具与宏观审慎政策工具相配合对经济波动影响最小,更有利于维护金融稳定以及减少福利损失.     

宏观审慎与货币政策对银行风险承担的影响——基于“双支柱”调控框架下的实证研究

自2008年金融危机以来,世界各国意识到,仅仅使用微观审慎监管已经不足以维护金融系统的稳定,于是纷纷引入宏观审慎政策工具,完善宏观审慎监管体系,以防范和化解金融市场的系统性风险。本文选取我国16家上市银行2010—2020年的季度数据,构建个体固定效应模型进行实证检验。实证结果显示：1.无论是数量型还是价格型的货币政策工具,货币政策对我国商业银行风险承担行为具有显著影响。2.宏观审慎监管政策有助于降低银行风险承担,但是现阶段并非所有的宏观审慎监管工具都能对商业银行风险产生显著影响。3.宏观审慎对货币政策有一定的辅助作用,但是实施过程中需着重关注两种政策在方向和力度上的协调配合。     

货币政策银行风险承担渠道的非对称性研究综述

自2007年金融危机爆发以来,货币政策通过"银行风险承担渠道"影响金融与经济稳定已渐成学术界共识。然而,关于货币政策银行风险承担渠道时间非对称性方面的研究目前尚处于萌芽阶段。鉴于此,本文对国内外相关研究文献进行了梳理和探讨,不仅加深了对于货币政策风险承担渠道的时间非对称性的内在机理的理解,而且对于宏观审慎政策如何协调货币政策监管金融稳定有了更深刻的把握。     

中国金融宏观审慎监管工具研究

为了维护经济金融的稳定,防范系统性金融风险,各界普遍达成应引入宏观审慎监管的共识,宏观审慎监管工具作为宏观审慎监管机制的重要载体,其研究具有十分重要的意义。从横向、纵向两个维度介绍宏观审慎监管工具,最后探讨中国宏观审慎监管政策工具的运用。     

地方政府举债的货币扩张效应及其政策协同

各国政府均会面临日益频繁出现的社会供需总量有悖于货币流通和金融稳定的诸多问题,为此财政与金融当局综合运用各种政策工具力求实现经济的稳定和协调发展。作为国家宏观调控的重要工具之一,地方政府举债如何避免政策冲突并最大化政策组合效力,是当前亟待深入研究的重要课题。本文通过构建包含金融摩擦、多期债券和举债规则等要素在内的NK-DSGE模型,深入剖析地方政府举债的货币效应和传导机制,并探讨其与货币政策协同配合的最佳模式。研究发现:(1)1%的地方政府举债冲击(债券久期=5年)会推动货币乘数上升0.39%,产生货币扩张效应,且债券久期越长,该扩张效应越大;(2)面对实体冲击和金融冲击,货币政策对地方政府举债采取适度从紧的反向协同配合,能有效抑制其货币扩张效应,更好地实现经济稳定和复苏;(3)对于久期较长的债券,提高地方政府举债规则的风险反应敏感度有利于增进福利。     

商业银行宏微观审慎监管协调性研究——基于PVAR模型的实证分析

微观审慎监管的局限性和系统性金融风险传染性的增强,使商业银行宏微观审慎协调监管成为当前金融监管改革的趋势。本文选取2008-2017年我国14家上市商业银行半年度数据为样本,在分析银行信贷周期不同阶段宏微观审慎监管作用机制的基础上,采用面板向量自回归(PVAR)模型分析我国银行业宏微观审慎监管协调性。结果表明,微观审慎监管中不良贷款率对当前我国商业银行稳定性的影响长期存在且较为明显,流动比率和核心资本充足率对银行稳定性的冲击作用存在但长期来看影响作用并不显著;宏观审慎监管中广义信贷/GDP偏离度和银行业集中度这两个监管指标对商业银行稳定性的影响都较为明显且长期存在;宏微观审慎监管协调运作能够缓解单一政策实施对金融和经济系统的冲击力度,更有助于金融系统的长期稳定。因此,我国银行业监管不仅要在微观方面加强防范内部信贷违约风险,还要从宏观方面关注信贷结构调整和银行理财业务所可能带来的溢出风险。     

美联储加息冲击下中国双支柱调控政策的协调研究——基于“稳增长”与“防风险”的视角

美联储加息冲击引发的国内资产价格波动可能导致实体经济波动与金融系统风险相互反馈的螺旋式上升。本文通过构建包含跨境资本流动和供需金融摩擦的小型开放经济DSGE模型,刻画了美联储加息冲击下国内实体经济波动与供需两侧金融风险交互作用形成的负反馈机制,并在此基础上研究了稳增长和防风险目标下货币政策和宏观审慎政策的协调问题。研究表明：(1)美联储加息冲击引发的跨境资本流动与资产价格波动,不仅导致企业违约风险上升,投资收缩,并且使得银行净值受损而被动“加杠杆”,宏观经济下行的同时金融风险积聚;(2)应对美联储加息冲击的货币政策无论是选择以对内“稳产出和稳物价”为主要目标,还是选择以对外“稳汇率”和“稳国际收支”为主要目标,均无法保证“稳增长”与“防风险”双重目标的实现;(3)以对内“稳产出和稳物价”为主要目标的货币政策与以信贷规模为锚定目标的差别存款准备金动态调整的宏观审慎政策构成的双支柱调控体系不仅有助于减小宏观经济波动,而且能够减缓供需金融摩擦交互作用的加速效应,从而兼顾“稳增长”和“防风险”两大目标,提升社会福利水平。     

货币政策与宏观审慎政策协调对跨境资本流动的影响:基于商业银行跨境融资与企业外币借贷视角

在日益动荡的全球资本流动格局下,中国跨境资本流动宏观审慎管理离不开货币政策的协调配合,双支柱调控框架理论在资本流动领域存在进一步应用的空间。文章通过构建以商业银行跨境融资及向企业进行外币贷款为特征的开放经济动态随机一般均衡(DSCE)模型,论证了中国在面对跨境融资风险冲击时以存款准备金利率为代表的宏观审慎政策及其动态调整规则的有效性,并进一步论证了宏观审慎政策与货币政策协调的重要性。主要结论为:其一,商业银行跨境外币融资会增加国内企业外币贷款甚至本币贷款的风险且会在一定程度造成上本国产出和物价的波动。其二,正常性、奖励性、约束性三类不同强度的存款准备金利率有利于商业银行和国内企业应对跨境融资风险冲击,但不利于宏观经济增长与物价稳定,且存在向家庭部门外国债券投资传导不畅的弊端。其三,正常性、奖励性、约束性三类存款准备金利率与货币政策组合的协调效应集中体现在提升经济的产出水平和降低物价方面,且对于调节国内企业的本币贷款成本具有积极意义。文章的研究结论进一步说明了货币政策的实施在一定程度上需要关注跨境资本流动。因此,货币当局应充分发挥宏观审慎政策工具动态调整功能并加强与货币政策工具的多元组合协调效应,从而在规范商业银行经营的同时满足企业合理正常的本币与外币贷款融资需求。     

宏观审慎监管——概念和政策框架

经济金融危机的加剧与金融自由化推动监管理念从微观审慎监管向宏观审慎监管演进。建立全面的宏观审慎框架不仅是应对此次金融危机的重要组成部分,也是经济和金融业稳定、协调、可持续发展的重要保证。     

Brown＇s Blossom in Britain-China

The overall strategic relationship between U.K. and China is ＂better than ever＂, China- Britain relations have maintained good momentum, with increased high-level exchanges and the reinforcement of strategic mutual trust, with more room for growth in the future.     

Challenge and Opportunity Go Hand in Hand——What Global Economic Agitation Brings to the China's Economy?

Domino effects of the global finance agitation As the origin of the subprime crisis,US financial institutions lost USS45 billion last year,accounted for over half of the total US,EU & Japan loss.Since January 15th,Chtigroup released its financial statement of the 4th quarter,showing a net deficit of USS9.83 billion,which marked the hisoric high of its quarterly deficit.     

Sinosteel：Extraordinary Moves in Industry Chess

Among the Fortune 500 firms,more and more images from China emerge out.On the 2008 list,Sinosteel Corporation,a landmark group of China industries quietly squeezes into the candidate line.As the largest steel service ＆ trade enterprise,its sales reached at RMB 111.24 billion,with a year-on-year increase of 83.03 percent,and the profit grew by 180.03 percent.On the Sinosteel 2008 Work Meeting,the president Huang Tianwen uttered,＂In the coming year,we will work for US$20 billion sales,and look forward to getting a position in Fortune 500 firms for ourselves.＂     

Walk Through Unusual Five Years—— An Exhibitor＇s Canton Fair Course

When the 103rd Canton Fair is approaching, an old friend of Canton Fair, Li Ying from Jiangsu prov-ince recollected his past five years＇ experiences to the grand trade meeting. Each year is special, with some unforgettable memories colored by the year.     

Jean-Pierre Duprieu： Willing to Be A Legate of Sino-French Business

Estaing, former French president, Valery Giscard d＇Estaing attended Sino-French Economic Seminar held in Shanghai in early April and said that the world center has shifted from the west to the east with many European and US companies entering into Asia, and China has the ability to play an important role in the world stage. Estaing, naming himself＂French Confucian＂, then said in Chinese that a cook-group includes 10 people in ancient Chinese soldier system and the cook is in charge of cooking for them. And people who belong to the same cook are actually ＂Partners＂.     

China''''s Stock Market Wave

The annual meeting of the World Economy Forum was held in Davos,a little town in Switzerland,on January 23rd to the 27th this year,with the theme"the Power fo Collaborative Innovation",over 2500 celebrates from ture political and cconomic circles of more than 80 countries and challengred logether to talk about the future of the global economy in 2008,A Forum for the problems and challenges that face whole world,some of the keywords which drew attention during the event were:the U.S.subprime mortgage crisis,soaring energy prices,the economic slowdown in the U.S.ermerging economic bodies,authority funds and the general unpredictable nature of the global economy.     

Trade Promotion from Neighborhood

If you are considering to trade with companies in Japan or expanding your .business to Japan, we are ready to help from the very beginning.＂ You will find this greeting at the first sight on the Chinese website of Japan External Trade Organization （JETRO）. JETRO has committed itself in delivering highly efficient and quality services to meet the demand of internal and external customs including Japanese companies, hence winning a good reputation in the international trade arena. In recent years, with its priority in advancing business cooperation in South and East Asia, JETRO has made great achievement in promoting trade between China and Japan. Therefore, China＇s Foreign Trade interviewed Mr. Yoichi Maine, Deputy Director General of JETRO BEIJING.     

Auto Parts Market Potential Coming into Surface

Looking at the increasingly fierce competition in the world auto market. global automobile manufacturing industry, taking Europe, the U.S. and Japan as representatives, is gradually forming a new type of relationship, mutual cooperation between whole vehicle and parts manufacturers. We can clearly see that auto parts manufacturers have become independent from the whole vehicle manufacturing companies, which means that the former structure of auto industry has greatly changed, and a new relationship,     

Domino Effect on Electricity and Coal Prices

In the middle of last December, the key purchase contracts for coal used in power generation in 2008 were signed, reflecting a demand for more than 1.085 billion tons. It is important to note that the country＇s five biggest power producers, China Huaneng Group, China Guodian Corporation, China Power Investment Corporation, China Huadian Corporation and China Datang Corporation, had settled on the prices on their purchase contracts, and they are expected to consume 290 million tons of coal for generating electricity,     

Slimmed May Day Holiday

Last November the State Council of China decided to renew its holiday system by reducing the seven-day May Day holiday to three days and introducing three new one-day public holidays, namely the Qingming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival and Moon Festival. By doing so, the three golden-week holidays that were introduced in 1999, namely the Spring Festival, May Day and National Day, could be better distributed.